Engineering, detailed

2-D pipe schemes are still widely used despite the existing 3-D CAD piping tools. 

The reason is simply that these schemes can be printed and delivered to customers who do not possess 3-D piping visualization facilities. Nevertheless, plastic models formerly also used for the visualization of complex chemical plants certainly belong to the past. Today, a virtual reality plant allows the inspection of a plant in form of a 3-D virtual walk . Obstacles will be visualized space for inspection and service can be checked. In the past, 3-D planning happened to be a manual CAE-assisted procedure. Since a few years automated 3-D pipe routers have also existed [135]. 

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Plaspec Material Selection Database Data Resources, Inc. Dialog, STN detailed engineering and design data, chemical descriptions, and trade names for over 11,500 grades of plastics materials... 

The book does not focus on occupational safety and health issues, although improved process safety can benefit these areas. Detailed engineering designs are outside the scope of this work. This book intends to identify issues and concerns in batch reaction systems and provide potential solutions to address these concerns. This should be of value to process design engineers, operators, maintenance personnel, as well as members of process hazards analysis teams. While this book offers potential solutions to specific issues/concerns, ultimately the user needs to make the case for the solutions that provide a balance between risk... 

This is a complex subject and requires detailed engineering and application of the various protection schemes for... 

There are a few important parameters that must be determined before beginning the detailed engineering of a grounding station. 

A detailed engineering study may be needed if the investigation discovers problems such as the following ... 

To ensure compatibility, detailed engineering descriptions of all materials and their metallurgical properties are needed. General information (e.g., mild steel) does not provide sufficient data to establish compatibility in conductive or corrosive media. 

Phase 1 Conceptual Engineering Phase 2 Basic Engineering Phases Detailed Engineering Phase 4 Equipment Procurement Construction Phase 5 Commissioning... 

Selection of a competent engineering contractor to perform process design and detail engineering is a key element in the overall success of a project. Important factors to consider when choosing a qualified contractor are ... 

Range of services expected from the contractor (e.g., front-end engineering, detailed engineering, complete E.P.C. though start-up)... 

Procurement of materials in a timely fashion is a necessary part of detailed engineering. Successful procurement requires ... 

One of the common problems associated with underwater pelletizers is the tendency of the die holes to freeze off. This results in nonuniform polymer melt flow, increased pressure drop, and irregular extrudate shape. A detailed engineering analysis of pelletizers is performed which accounts for the complex interaction between the fluid mechanics and heat transfer processes in a single die hole. The pelletizer model is solved numerically to obtain velocity, temperature, and pressure profiles. Effect of operating conditions, and polymer rheology on die performance is evaluated and discussed. 

Detailed engine-visualization studies require optical access to the combustion chamber, and one of the most... 

Before detailed engineering studies are started the chemical route chosen should be verified taking two aspects into account ... 

Sometimes a company, either because it lacks certain design information or because its engineering department is so overloaded it cannot take on the project, will obtain the service of an outside firm to do the detailed engineering. When this happens, the same company will probably also be hired to construct the plant. 

When all of the above information has been obtained, the capital cost of the plant is again determined. If it is much higher than the preliminary estimate, the project will be thoroughly reviewed by the group or individual that approved it for detailed engineering. It could be dropped if the difference is much greater than 10%. 

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