State Implementation Plan

In 1966, the Los Angeles Air Pollution Control Board designated trichloroethylene as a photochemically reactive solvent that decomposes in the lower atmosphere, contributing to air pollution. In 1970 all states were requited to submit pollution control plans to EPA to meet national air quaUty standards. These plans, known as State Implementation Plans (SIPS), controlled trichloroethylene as a volatile organic compound (VOC). They were designed to have each state achieve the National Ambient Air QuaUty Standard (NAAQS) for ozone. The regulations were estabUshed to control the emission of precursors for ozone, of which trichloroethylene is one. 

To provide basic geographic units for the air-pollution control program, the United States was divided into 247 air quahty control regions (AQCRs). By a standard rollback approach, the total quantity of pollution in a region was estimated, the quantity of pollution that could be tolerated without exceeding standards was then calculated, and the degree of reduction called tor was determined. States were required by EPA to develop state implementation plans (SIPs) to achieve comphance. 

The bubble may be only used for pollutants in an area where the state implementation plan has an approved schedule to meet air-quahty standards for that pollutant. 

CFR Part 51 (Appendix M) State implementation plans Method 201A Particulate matter of less than or equal to 10 ig (PM 10)... 

The states are required to submit to the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) plans, known as State Implementation Plans (SIP), showing how they will achieve the standards in their jurisdictions within a specified time period. If after that time period there are areas within the states where these standards have not been attained, the states are required to submit and obtain EPA approval of revised plans to achieve the standards in these "nonattainment" areas. EPA also designates certain areas where the standards are being met, but which have the potential for future nonattainment, as Air Quality Maintenance Areas (AQMA). Such regions have stricter requirements than attainment areas for the granting of permits for new sources of the pollutant not in attainment status. 

Accountants, administrators, agricultural commissioners, air monitoring, supervisors, coordinators (environmental health project, grants, quality assurance, special project and state implementation plan), grants analysts, officers (enforcement, hearings, staff services, technical services and training), supervisors, and technical advisors. 

State Implementation Plan (SIP) a collection of regulations used by the state to carry out its responsibilities under the Clean Air Act. 

Briefly describe the role of State Implemented Plans (SIPs). 

Titles I and IV are most relevant to SO, and NO control. Title I establishes a 24-hour average ambient air standard for SO, of 0.14 ppm. The NO provisions require existing major stationaiy sources to apply reasonably available control technologies and new or modified major stationaiy sources to offset their new emissions and install controls representing the lowest achievable emissions rate. Each state with an ozone nonattaininent region must develop a State Implementation Plan (SIP) that includes stationaiy NO emissions reductions. 

At pulp and paper mills, air emissions from both process and combustion units are regulated under the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and the State Implementation Plans (SIP) that enforce the standards. States may implement controls to limit emissions of particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NO ), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and sulfur dioxide (S02). 

However, in contrast to the previous clean air statutes, the 1990 amendments contained extensive provisions for control of the accidental release of air toxics from storage or transportation (TPG, 1995) as well as the formation of acid rain. At the same time, the 1990 amendments provided new and added requirements for such original ideas as state implementation plans for attaimnent of the national ambient air quality standards and permitting requirements for the attaimnent and nonattainment areas. Title III now calls for a vastly expanded program to regulate hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) or air toxics. 

Iudividual states are required to develop state implemeutatiou plaus (SIPs), a collectiou of the regulatious that a state will use to cleau up polluted areas. The states must iuvolve the pubhc, through heariugs aud opportuuities to commeut, in the development of each state implementation plan. The EPA must approve each plan, and if a state implementation is not acceptable, the EPA can take over, enforcing the Clean Air Act in that state. 

The Clean Air Act of 1970 established National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs) and set New Source Performance Standards (NSPSs) that regulated the amount of emissions to be permitted from a new source in an area. The act also required individual states to create their own state implementation plans (SIPs), and set stiff fines for violation of clean air regulations and established a clear and specific schedule for compliance with the new legislation. A1977 amendment to the act dealt primarily with motor vehicle emission standards. 

The fourth and final need is for doctmentation and education. The validation and standardization will go for naught if the practice of receptor modeling cannot be established at the state implementation plan level where it is most sorely needed. Major reviews of model applications, analytical methods, source characterization and field study design need to be prepared and communicated to those most likely to make use of them. 

The overall program design consisted of a five-step process leading to State Implementation Plan revisions ... 

REGULATORY AGENCIES - CHEMICAL PROCESS INDUSTRY] (Vol21) State implementation plan (SIP)... 

In September, 1998 the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a rale (known as the NOx SIP Call) that required 22 states and the District of Columbia to submit State Implementation Plans (SIP s). These SIP s would reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) - compounds that react with other chemicals in the atmosphere to form ozone (or smog). EPA required these reductions after determining that NOx and ozone are transported by the wind to downwind states, which results in unhealthy air quality in the downwind states156. 

At the very least, a facility is required to develop a plan describing how it will respond to an incident that threatens human health and/or the environment. Generally, the plan includes notification, evacuation, protection of employees, and control of the incident. This emergency response plan usually must be in writing. For example, the OSHA requires a minimum of three plans emergency response, emergency action, and fire prevention. The CAA requires that the state implementation plan have an emergency air pollution episode plan. 

The guideline recommends air quality modeling techniques that should be applied to State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions for existing sources and to new source reviews (NSRs), including prevention of significant deterioration (PSD). In addition the guideline serves to identify, for all interested parties, those techniques and databases that EPA considers acceptable. Dispersion models, while uniquely filling... 

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