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Electron techniques

An advantage of the half-electron technique is its simplicity. IlyperChem can carry it out with only niin or m odificaiions of the usual calculation, . A disadvantage is that forces may not be accurate because of th e h alf electron approxim ation. ... [Pg.47]

You can think of the half-electron technique as a device to get reasonable orbitals to populate later with whole electrons. [Pg.47]

Numerous methods arose utilizing Hartree-Fock SCF techniques, ranging from the simplest, or Hbckel TT-electron techniques, to the most complete... [Pg.161]

The application of external magnetic fields to the sample during analysis presents considerable problems and constraints for electron techniques, whereas external fields have no influence on MOKE. [Pg.733]

Operationally, the electron techniques all require high-vacuum or, more likely, ultrahigh-vacuum environments, and the magnetic material of interest must be within a few atomic layers of the surface. MOKE analysis is not restricted by these constraints, although interesting samples may be. [Pg.733]

Following the original rapid-fiow experiments of Hartridge and Roughton, the introduction of the stopped-fiow method, and the use of electronic techniques for rapid recording,rapid-reaction techniques have found wide apphcation in chemistry and bio-... [Pg.53]

Electronic techniques can generate a larger number of pulses in a specified time and are therefore more accurate than mechanical devices. At the receiving end, the pulses are used to determine the state of a series of bi-stable networks. These are scanned and reset sequentially and the total number of pulses recorded. [Pg.234]

This section provides brief insights on some of the most important characterization techniques used for CNTs and other nanocarbons in addition to microscopy-related (i.e. SEM, TEM, AFM, STM) and diffraction (i.e. X-ray, electron) techniques. [Pg.12]

The development of electron diffraction and microscopy was parallel but separate. Although there are many obvious similarities between the theories, they are usually expressed in different notations and it is common that workers trained in the one have little knowledge of the other. This is particularly unfortunate in that the techniques are almost always complementary, and many investigations will benefit by the use of both electron and X-ray (or neutron) methods. The emphasis in this book is on the X-ray methods. Electron techniques have been amply covered in a number of excellent publications we have not... [Pg.2]

Related research has been reported by Elder and Worley (39), in which MNDO was used to examine the structure of coniferyl alcohol, and its corresponding phenolate anion and free radical. This method represents an improvement over the PPP method, in that MNDO is an all-electron technique, and performs geometry optimizations. It was found that the calculated spin densities and charge values for the reactive sites did not correlate quantitatively with observed bond frequency, but it was observed that positions with partial negative charge and positive spin densities are the positions through which the polymerization has been found to occur. [Pg.273]

Readout can be performed without using any probe (i.e., applying conductance, MS, electrophoresis) or by implication of fluorescence or electronic techniques. [Pg.129]

There are many excellent digital and electronic techniques for improving the quality of a spectrum without having to average numerous scans. See T. C. [Pg.678]

The mass of experimental work on which the above discussion is based has served to provide an interpretation in outline of the effects observed, but many details remain to be filled in. Modern photomultipliers and electronic techniques are now available to secure higher accuracy of measurement and with greater attention to the numerous experimental... [Pg.40]

Spectroscopic techniques can be carried out in situ (low-energy photon, etc.) and ex situ or in vacuo (high-energy photon and electron techniques). Ex situ microscopic techniques have been employed for many years to examine surfaces, and are now widely used tools. However, in situ microscopic techniques with resolution approaching the atomic scale... [Pg.253]


See other pages where Electron techniques is mentioned: [Pg.46]    [Pg.46]    [Pg.1972]    [Pg.732]    [Pg.733]    [Pg.20]    [Pg.232]    [Pg.670]    [Pg.224]    [Pg.134]    [Pg.149]    [Pg.130]    [Pg.100]    [Pg.29]    [Pg.22]    [Pg.269]    [Pg.494]    [Pg.131]    [Pg.198]    [Pg.45]    [Pg.209]    [Pg.326]    [Pg.493]    [Pg.277]    [Pg.34]    [Pg.11]    [Pg.229]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.149 ]




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Ab initio electronic structure techniques

Analytical techniques Auger electron spectroscopy

Analytical techniques electron beam

Analytical techniques electron microscopy

Analytical techniques electron probe microanalysis

Analytical techniques electron spin resonance

Auger electron spectroscopy analysis technique

Chemically induced dynamic electron polarization technique

Cryo-electron microscopy Freeze-fracture technique

Crystallographic techniques electron density maps

Crystallographic techniques electrons, technique

Detection Techniques and Electronic Equipment

Electrochemical techniques electronic conductor

Electron Microscope Techniques

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Techniques

Electron Spectroscopy Techniques

Electron beam evaporation techniques

Electron beam modulation techniques

Electron beam sputtering technique

Electron diffraction techniques

Electron exchange kinetics using electronic structure techniques

Electron impact ionization experimental technique

Electron impact technique

Electron ionization separation techniques

Electron microprobe technique

Electron microscopy peripheral techniques

Electron microscopy spraying technique

Electron microscopy techniques

Electron microscopy techniques, micromechanical processes

Electron preparation technique

Electron resonance technique

Electron spin echo envelope modulation double-resonance techniques

Electron spin resonance studies instrumentation technique

Electron spin resonance techniques

Electron spin resonance techniques determination

Electron spin-echo technique

Electron swarm technique

Electron transfer experimental technique

Electron transfer partitioning technique

Electron-beam techniques

Electron-beam-induced CD shrink techniques

Electron-capture dissociation technique

Electron-microscopy freeze-fracture technique

Electron-nuclear double resonance experimental techniques

Electron-nuclear resonance techniques

Electronic (Resonance) Techniques

Electronic characterization techniques

Electronic characterization techniques band vibrational structure

Electronic characterization techniques circular dichroism

Electronic characterization techniques complexes

Electronic characterization techniques experimental methods

Electronic characterization techniques information obtainable

Electronic characterization techniques photoelectron spectroscopy

Electronic characterization techniques valence excitation spectroscopy

Electronic characterization techniques valence-shell electrons

Electronic counter/velocity probes technique

Electronic ionizing techniques

Electronic materials analytical techniques, capabilities

Electronic materials traditional oxidation technique

Electronic nose techniques

Electronic spectroscopy techniques

Electronic spray deposition technique

Electronic structure reaction path techniques

Electronic structure techniques

Electronic structure techniques electron-exchange kinetics

Electronic structure techniques using

Electrons coincidence techniques

Ex situ microscopic techniques electron microscopy

Experimental techniques electron diffraction

Experimental techniques electron microscopy

Experimental techniques electron paramagnetic resonance

Experimental techniques electron probe analysis

Experimental techniques electron-transfer studies

Experimental techniques scanning electron microscopy

Experimental techniques transmission electron microscopy

Extraction of Electron Transfer Kinetics from Cyclic Voltammetric Signals. Comparison with Other Techniques

Half-electron technique

Image acquisition techniques electron microscopy

Mass spectral techniques electron impact

Matrix isolation electron spin resonance technique

Microscopic techniques scanning electron microscopy

Microscopic techniques transmission electron

NICI electron-capture technique

Numerical techniques, electron-transfer

Optical techniques electron energy loss spectroscopy

Other Electron-detecting Techniques

Other scanning electron microscopy techniques

Propagation techniques, electronic states

Pulsed techniques, electron

Pulsed techniques, electron paramagnetic resonance

RHF half-electron technique

SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 1 Technique

Scanning electron micrograph technique

Scanning electron microscopy Imaging techniques

Scanning electron microscopy electrical techniques

Scanning electron microscopy embedding techniques

Scattering techniques electron

Spectroscopic Techniques for Measuring Collision-Induced Transitions in the Electronic Ground State of Molecules

Spin Permutation Technique in the Theory of Strongly Correlated Electron Systems

Spin-trapping technique, electron

Spin-trapping technique, electron studies

Surface analytical techniques Auger electron spectroscopy

Surface analytical techniques Scanning electron microscopy

Surface electronic structure, techniques

Theoretical techniques for electronic structure determination

Transmission electron diffraction techniques

Transmission electron microscopy diffraction techniques

Transmission electron microscopy dispersion techniques

Transmission electron microscopy lattice imaging techniques

Transmission electron microscopy phase contrast techniques

Transmission electron microscopy sectioning technique

Transmission electron microscopy techniques

Ultrafast electron transfer measurement techniques

Vacuum deposition techniques electron beam evaporation

Visualization techniques electron microscopy

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