Doxorubicin breast cancer

Madhavan S, Northfelt DW. Lack of vesicant injury following extravasation of liposomal doxorubicin. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1996 37(Suppl) 77. 

Liposome-based Evacet (Doxorubicin) Breast cancer and Elan with... 

Martin RC, Robbins K, Pages JF, Romero FD, RusteinL, Tomalty D, et al. Optimal outcomes for Uver-dominant metastatic breast cancer with transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads loaded with doxorubicin. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012 132(2) 753-63. 

Cytotoxic drugs that have been used alone and in combination as adjuvant therapy in breast cancer include doxorubicin, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil,... 

Wang K, Ramji S, Bhathena A et al. Glutathione S-transferases in wild-type and doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. Xenobiotica 1999 ... 

Baselge, ]., et al., "Recombinant Humanized Anti-HER2 Antibody (HERCEPTIN) Enhances the Antitumor Activity of Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin Against HER2/neu Overexpressing Human Breast Cancer Xenografts," Cancer Res., 58, 2825-2831 (1998). 

Anthracyclines (daunorubicin, doxorubicin, idarubicin, and epirubicin) are anticancer drugs widely used to manage patients with acute leukemia or breast cancer.22-23 To maximize therapeutic efficacy and minimize the acute myelosuppression and cumulative dose-related cardiotoxicity of these agents, several analytical methods were developed to measure anthracyclines and their metabolites in biologic fluids,24 26... 

Interestingly, a closely related prodrug of doxorubicin that has the same spacer (i.e., 6.33) was found to be a good substrate for plasmin while being stable in buffer and blood serum [55], A marked selectivity was seen against a plasmin-generating MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. 

Batist G, Barton J, Chaikin P, Swenson C, Welles L. Myocet (liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin citrate) a new approach in breast cancer therapy. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2002 3 1739-1751. 

Charrois GJ, Allen TM. Drug release rate influences the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, therapeutic activity, and toxicity of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin formulations in murine breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta 2004 1663(1-2) 167. 

Anthracyclines Doxorubicin/ adriamycin Melanoma, Ovarian carcinoma, T-cell lymphoma, Colon carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, Various disseminated refractory malignandes, Breast cancer, Lung cancer, Pancreatic cancer, Liver cancer, Neuroblastoma... 

There are three liposomal forms of doxorubicin or daunorubicin on the market (Table 8.6). Doxil and DaunoXome have been approved for the treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma and are being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of a variety of cancers [148-151]. Evacet (liposomal doxorubicin) has recently been tested in large phase II and III clinical trials for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer and is awaiting approval by the FDA [151], Data obtained from trials thus far suggest that all three liposomal drugs offer significant therapeutic benefit compared with the free drug [113]. 

Doxorubicin Evacet (Myocet) The Liposome Company, Inc. Metastatic breast cancer... 

Kuerer HM, Newman LA, Smith TL, et al. Clinical course of breast cancer patients with complete pathologic primary tumor and axillary lymph node response to doxorubicin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 1999 17 460 -69. 

Maloisel F, Dufour P, Bergerat JP, et al. Results of initial doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, and cyclophosphamide combination chemotherapy for inflammatory carcinoma of the breast. Cancer 1990 65 851-855. 

Dhingra K, Esparza-Guerra L, Valero V, et al. A Phase III Randomized Trial of Dose-Intensive, Neoadjuvant 5FU, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide (FAC) with G-CSF (filgrastim) in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (LABC)-Efficacy and Safety Data (Meeting abstract). ProcAnnu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol 1999 18 A278. 

Paclitaxel is among the most active of all anticancer drugs, with significant efficacy against carcinomas of the breast, ovary, lung, head, and neck. It is combined with cisplatin in the therapy of ovarian and lung carcinomas and with doxorubicin in treating breast cancer. 

Mitoxantrone is active against breast carcinomas, leukemias, and lymphomas. Its antitumor efficacy in patients with breast cancer is slightly lower than that of doxorubicin. Its major toxicity is myelosuppression mucositis and diarrhea also may occur. Mitoxantrone produces less nausea, alopecia, and cardiac toxicity than does doxorubicin. 

Epirubicin (FARMORUBICIN) is structurally similar to doxorubicin and is similarly effective in the treatment of breast cancer, lung cancer and lymphoma. 

G. Other applications Herceptin has been combined with cisplatin in the treatment of heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer. Treatment of patients with ovarian cancer is under investigation. A recent study demonstrated that Herceptin increased the clinical benefits of first-line chemotherapy—doxorubicin (or epiru-bicin) and cyclophosphamide or pacli-taxel—in metastatic breast cancer that overexpressed HER2. 

Investigators found that human breast cancer cell lines with BRCAl mutations showed a twofold to fourfold increase in apoptosis after treatment with ionizing radiation, cisplatin, or doxorubicin, compared with cells free of mutations. They also found that BRCAl tumor cell lines were resistant to other agents, such as paclitaxel (Taxol) and docetaxel (Taxotere), treatments used commonly in ovarian cancer and advanced-stage breast cancers. 

Based on the same principle of modulation of drug absorption, other less known botanicals could produce similar or different effects compared to St. John s wort. Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis Labiatae) is a commonly used dietary botanical that has been found to have a chemopreventive effect (24). Furthermore, in drug-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cells expressing P-glycoprotein, methanol extracts of Rosemary at two concentrations (16.5 and 85 pg/mL) inhibited the efflux and increased intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin and vinblastine, two chemotherapeutic drugs that are known substrates of P-glycoprotein. Treatment of drug-resistant cells with the extracts also increased the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin. On the other hand, in wild-type MCF-7 cells that do not express... 

Doxorubicin Oxygen free radicals bind to DNA causing single- and double-strand DNA breaks inhibits topoisomerase II intercalates into DNA Breast cancer, Hodgkin s and non-Hodgkin s lymphoma, soft tissue sarcoma, ovarian cancer, non-small cell and small cell lung cancer, thyroid cancer, Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma Nausea, red urine (not hematuria) Cardiotoxicity (see text), alopecia, myelosuppression, stomatitis... 

Issac C, Robert NJ, Bailey FA, Schuster MW, et al. 1997. Randomized placebo-controlled study of recombinant human interleukin 11 to prevent chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia in patients with breast cancer receiving dose-intensive cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin. J Clin Oncol. 15 3368-3377. 

FAC 5-Fluorouracil, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) Breast cancer... 

Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan and Endoxan) is used in the treatment of Hodgkin s disease, lymphosarcoma, and other lymphomas. It is employed as a secondary drug in patients with acute leukemia and in combination with doxorubicin in women with breast cancer. A drug combination effective in the treatment of breast cancer is cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil, and prednisone (CMFP). Cyclophosphamide is also an immunosuppressive agent. The toxicity of cyclophosphamide causes alopecia, bone marrow depression, nausea and vomiting, and hemorrhagic cystitis. 

Daunorubicin (Daunomycin and Cerubidine) and doxorubicin (Adriamycin) bind to and cause the intercalation of the DNA molecule, thereby inhibiting DNA template function. They also provoke DNA chain scission and chromosomal damage. Daunorubicin is useful in treating patients with acute lymphocytic or acute granulocytic leukemia. Adriamycin is useful in cases of solid tumors such as sarcoma, metastatic breast cancer, and thyroid cancer. These agents cause stomatitis, alopecia, myelosuppression, and cardiac abnormalities ranging from arrhythmias to cardiomyopathy. 

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