Recombinant human interleukin

Interleukin-2 (recombinant human) [94218-72-1] Mr-15,000, amorphous. Purified by reverse phase HPLC. [Weir and Sparks Biochem J 245 85 1 987 Robb et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81 6486 1984.]... 

Recombinant human DL-1 receptor antagonist (Anakinra, Kineret ) blocks the biological activity of interleukin-1 by competitively inhibiting IL-1 binding to the interleukin-1 type I receptor (IL-1RI), which is expressed in a wide variety of tissues and organs. Thereby it reduces the pro-inflammatory activities of IL-1 including cartilage destiuction and bone resorption. Side effects include an increased risk of infections and neutropenia. 

Johnson BJ et al. Differential gene expression in response to adjunctive recombinant human interleukin-2 immunotherapy in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Infect Immunity 1998 66 2426-2433. 

Kratje, R. B., and Wagner, R., Evaluation of Production of Recombinant Human Interleukin-2 in Fluidized Bed Bioreactor, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 39 233... 

Calcium oxalate monohydrate responsible for the formation of most kidney stones significantly increased mitochondrial superoxide production in renal epithelial cells [42], Recombinant human interleukin IL-(3 induced oxygen radical generation in alveolar epithelial cells, which was suppressed by mitochondrial inhibitors 4 -hydroxy-3 -methoxyacetophe-none and diphenylene iodonium [43]. Espositio et al. [44] found that mitochondrial oxygen radical formation depended on the expression of adenine nucleotide translocator Anti. Correspondingly, mitochondria from skeletal muscle, heart, and brain from the Antl-deficient mice sharply increased the production of hydrogen peroxide. 

Hora et al. [3.19] described the complexity of protein stabilization by the example of recombinant, human Interleukin-2 (rhIL-2). Formulations with amino acids and mannitol/ sucrose are sensitive to mechanical stress e. g. by pumping. Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPcD) provides stability, but increases the sensitivity to oxygen. Polysor-bate 80 forms a mechanically stable product, but results in oxidation. In both cases contamination in the HPcD or traces of H202 in the Polysorbate may have been the starter for the oxidation. Brewster [3.20] reports, that HPcD stabilizes interleukin without forming aggregations and this results in 100 % biopotency. 

Sarmiento, U.M. et al., Biologic effects of recombinant human interleukin-12 in squirrel monkeys (Sciureau saimiri), Lab. Invest., 71, 862, 1994. 

Talmadge, J.E. et al., Systematic preclinical study on the therapeutic properties of recombinant human interleukin 2 for the treatment of metastatic disease, Cancer Res, 47, 5725, 1987. 

Examples of the early application of recombinant DNA technology in medicine are the development of recombinant human growth hormone human insulin human interferons, thought to have anticancer activity in addition to antiviral activity interleukins (regulatory proteins from lymphocytes that are believed to be important in the treatment of immunodeficiency diseases and cancer) tumor necrosis factor epidermal and bone marrow progenitor cell growth factors and the production of vaccines (Table 12.1). 

A protein whose degradation pattern is even more difficult to explain is recombinant human interleukin 2 (rhIL-2), a lymphokine produced by T-cells and being developed as an immunomodulator. This protein, which consists... 

R. A. Kenley, N. W. Warne, Acid-Catalyzed Peptide Bond Hydrolysis of Recombinant Human Interleukin 11 , Pharm. Res. 1994, 11, 72-76. 

K. Sasaoki, T. Hiroshima, S. Kusumoto, K. Nishi, Deamidation at Asparagine-88 in Recombinant Human Interleukin 2 , Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1992, 40, 976-980. 

Bullock, J. (1993). Capillary zone electrophoresis and packed capillary column liquid-chromatographic analysis of recombinant human interleukin-4. /. Chromatogr. 633, 235—244. 

USP received a medication error report involving the products Neumega (oprel-vekin) and Proleukin (aldesleukin). Oprelvekin, a recombinant human interleukin-11 product used to stimulate platelet production in selected patients undergoing chemotherapy, is sometimes abbreviated as IL-11. Aldesleukin, a recombinant human interleukin-2 derivative indicated in designated patient populations for the treatment of metastatic renal-cell carcinoma, is sometimes abbreviated as IL-2. 

Chang, B.S., G. Reeder, and J.F. Carpenter, Development of a stable freeze-dried formulation of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Pharm Res, 1996.13(2) 243-9. 

Recombinant human interleukin-1-receptor antagonist Sucrose or trehalose (1% w/v) Lyophilized 4-12 fold increased stability at 50°C [23]... 

Prestrelski, S.J., K.A. Pikal, and T. Arakawa, Optimization of lyophilization conditions for recombinant human interleukin-2 by dried-state conformational analysis using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Pharm Res, 1995.12(9) 1250-9. 

Interleukin-2 (recombinant human) [NAM SY] T-cell growth factor [NAM SY]... 

IL-2, rDNA/Seragen [BIO] A-L-Methionyl-387-L-histidine-388-L-alanuie-l-388-toxin (Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain Cl) (388-2 ) protein with 2-133-interleukin 2 (human clone pTIL2-21a) [CAS] Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein [SY] Interleukin-2/diphtheria toxin fusion protein, recombinant [SY]... 

Zhang Y, Roy S, Jones LS, et al. Mechanism for benzyl alcohol-induced aggregation of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in aqueous solution. J Pharm Sci 2004(Dec) 93(12) 3076-3089. 

Roy S, Jung R, Kerwin BA, Randolph TW, Carpenter JF. Effects of benzyl alcohol on aggregation of recombinant human interleukin-1-receptor antagonist in reconstituted lyophilized formulations. J Pharm Sci 2005 94(2) 382-396. 

Issac C, Robert NJ, Bailey FA, Schuster MW, et al. 1997. Randomized placebo-controlled study of recombinant human interleukin 11 to prevent chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia in patients with breast cancer receiving dose-intensive cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin. J Clin Oncol. 15 3368-3377. 

Tepler I, Elias L, Smith JW, Hussein M, et al. 1996. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of recombinant human interleukin-11 in cancer patients with severe thrombocytopenia due to chemotherapy. Blood. 87 3607-3614. 

Walter MR, Cook, WJ, Zhao BG, Cameron RP, et al. 1992. Crystal structure of recombinant human interleukin-4. J Biol Chem. 267 20371-20376. 

Crown J, Jakubowski A, Kemeny N, Gordon M, Gasparetto C, Wong G, Sheridan C, Toner G, Meisenberg B, Botet J, et al. A phase I trial of recombinant human interleukin-1 beta alone and in combination with myelosuppressive doses of 5-fluorouracil in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Blood 1991 78(6) 1420-7. 

Takagi, A., Yabe, Y., Oka, Y., Sawai, K., Takakura, Y. and Hashida, M. (1997) Renal disposition of recombinant human interleukin-11 in the isolated perfused rat kidney. Pharm. Res., 14, 86-90. 

Furst DE. Anakinra review of recombinant human interleukin-I receptor antagonist in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Ther. 2004 26 1960-1975. 

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