Patients management

Hansten PD, Horn JR (2000) The top 100 drug interactions a guide to patient management. Edmonds H H Publications,... 

Johnson RE, Jones HE, Fischer G Use of buprenorphine in pregnancy patient management and effects on the neonate. Drug Alcohol Depend 20(suppl 2) S87-SlOl, 2003... 

Tung RC, Bergfeld WF, Vidimus AT, Remzi BK (2000) Alpha-hydroxy acid-based cosmetic procedures. Guidelines for patient management. Am J Clin Dermatol 1(2) 81-88... 

Out-patient treatment is substantially cheaper than in-patient management and is generally as effective (Lowman, 1991). A French study on patients with generalized anxiety disorder estimated costs per patient over 3 months to he US 423 for hospitalization, 335 for out-patient services and 43 for medications (Souetre et al, 1994). Comorbid conditions (mostly alcoholism and depression) doubled these direct health-care costs. Over three-quarters of all patients were taking anxiolytic medication. 

Azelastine acts locally to reduce the same symptoms treated by oral antihistamines it also may reduce nasal congestion to a greater extent. Azelastine is administered twice daily and has a rapid onset of action. Many patients managed with azelastine complain of bitter taste. Drowsiness also has been reported, likely due to systemic absorption.11-13... 

Vasoactive drug therapy (somatostatin, octreotide, or terlipressin) to stop or slow bleeding is routinely employed early in patient management to allow stabilization of the patient and to permit endoscopy to proceed under more favorable conditions. These agents decrease splanchnic blood flow and reduce portal and variceal pressures, without significant adverse effects. 

Human cancers vary widely in their ability to produce metastasis. At present, there are no reliable methods to predict metastatic potential. For optimum patient management, however, knowledge of the aggressiveness of a tumor is desirable when deciding which patients should receive adjuvant chemotherapy. This type of information is particularly important for axillary node-negative breast cancer and Dukes B colorectal cancer. 

Anderson, M.E., Al-Khatib, S.M., Roden, D.M., and Califf, R.M., Cardiac repolarization current knowledge, criticl gaps and new approaches to drug development and patient management, Am. Heart., 144, 769-781, 2002. 

Fenthion has also exhibited delayed neurotoxicity in which the initial cholinergic crisis was delayed 5 days and recurred 24 days after ingestion. Psychosis was a persistent manifestation. Because of the high lipid solubility of fenthion, toxin analysis of repeated fat biopsies was an essential component of patient management. ... 

Regular monitoring of blood phenytoin levels provides a valuable contribution to the management of patients with epilepsy. The value of determining the blood level of other anticonvulsant drugs is unconfirmed. At present such work should be undertaken only as prospective research procedures combining clinical and biochemical methods of assessment and patient-management. 

Patient management Monitor long-term efficacy by measurement of HbA- c levels approximately every 3 months. When hypoglycemia occurs in patients taking a combination of repaglinide and a thiazolidinedione or repaglinide and metformin, reduce the dose of repaglinide. 

Suicide The possibility of a suicide attempt is inherent in Bipolar Disorder, and close supervision of high-risk patients should accompany drug therapy. Write prescriptions for lamotrigine for the smallest quantity of tablets consistent with good patient management, in order to reduce the risk of overdose. Overdoses have been reported for lamotrigine, some of which have been fatal. 

Preoperative prophylaxis - Dantrolene may be given orally or IV to patients judged susceptible to MH as part of the overall patient management to prevent or attenuate development of clinical and laboratory signs of MH. 

Monitoring Patient management should include laboratory evaluation of renal (particularly serum creatinine) and hepatic function (particularly liver function tests and bilirubin). 

Distribution - Largely outside the blood volume approximately 33% to 47% is in plasma, 4% to 9% in lymphocytes, 5% to 12% in granulocytes and 41% to 58% in erythrocytes. In plasma, approximately 90% is bound to proteins, primarily lipoproteins. Blood level monitoring is useful in patient management. 

Blood levels - Blood level monitoring of cyclosporine is a useful and essential component in patient management. While no fixed relationships have been established, blood concentration monitoring may assist in the clinical evaluation of rejection and toxicity, dose adjustments, and the assessment of compliance. 

Z. Keidar, N. Haim, L. Guralnik, M. Wollner, R. Bar-Shalom, A. Ben-Nun, O. Israel, PET/CT using F-FDG in suspected lung cancer recurrence Diagnostic value and impact on patient management, J. Nucl. Med. 45(10) (2004) 1640-1646. 

Other Uses in Geriatric Patient Management of agitation secondary to delirium, antiemetic... 

Bergman, A., Winters, L., and Cornblatt, B. (1991). Methylphenidate effects on sustained attention. In Greenhill, L. and Osman, B., eds. Ritalin Theory and Patient Management. New York Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., pp. 223-231. 

For most children and adolescents, multimodal therapies are recommended. However, if antidepressant medications are used alone, psychosocial maintenance strategies should be implemented to help the patient manage inner and interpersonal conflicts, improve coping and social skills, deal with the psychosocial and personal scars left by the depression, and improve academic and social functioning. The reduction of family stress, promotion of a supportive environment, and the effective treatment of parents and siblings with psychiatric disorders may also help diminish the risk for... 

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