Definition of Task

Finally, the inference tool closes the loop by assisting in the inference of process definitions from process instances. The inference tool analyzes process instances and proposes definitions of task and relationship types. These definitions are stored in a knowledge base which may be loaded into Rational Rose. In this way, bottom-up evolution is supported. For a more detailed description of the inference tool, the reader is referred to [390]. 

As follows from the definition of Task 3, C(i,r,s) and D(i,r,s) will be estimated by taking sample means from Ajand sjover M operating i-cycles, where an... 

The first example reflects human factors best practice by illustrating the use of a freely available HTA tool. This tool enables many of the basic requirements of BS/ EN/ISO 11064-1 2001 to be met, including the definition of task requirements, using the outputs of the HTA, combined with heuristics, in order to perform a preliminary allocation of function, then going further to help meet the requirements for job design. 

A fundamental issue in the design of parallel algorithms is how to divide the computational problem into a set of tasks to be distributed among processors. Not only should the distribution of tasks provide load balance for a given number of processors (i.e., ensure that all processors are fully occupied all the time), but also the definition of tasks should be sufficiently flexible to provide a load-balanced execution over a widely varying number of processors. 

There are several important partial results. (1) Definition of quality of the CT-data in relation to the imaging task, including a model of the X-ray paths and how it is used to predict the optimal performance. (2) A model and method to determine how the information of the imaged object transfer from the detector entrance screen through the detector chain to CT... 

The three-part draft of the radioscopy standard pr EN 13068 is ready for the necessary european inquiries. This standard covers the requirements placed on the imaging system, the checking procedures as to the performance of the entire system and also the specifications of user guidelines for certain inspection tasks. The standard remains open to the definition of new inspection classes for future application cases. 

Therefore the basic task of scientific work is development of sensitive, selective and simple methods of quantitative definition of the total contents of the alkaloids in the expert-criminal objects with the help of electrochemical methods of the analysis. 

Before setting about the task of developing such a model, the product development process requires definition along with an indication of its key stages, this is so the appropriate tools and techniques can be applied (Booker et al., 1997). In the approach presented here in Figure 5.11, the product development phases are activities generally defined in the automotive industry (Clark and Fujimoto, 1991). QFD Phase 1 is used to understand and quantify the importance of customer needs and requirements, and to support the definition of product and process requirements. The FMEA process is used to explore any potential failure modes, their likely Occurrence, Severity and Detectability. DFA/DFM techniques are used to minimize part count, facilitate ease of assembly and project component manufacturing and assembly costs, and are primarily aimed at cost reduction. 

Each binary fork is attached to a branch of the preceding fork and is conditioned by the success or failure represented by that branch. Thus, evei7 fork, represents conditional probability. Each limb of the HRA event tree is described or labeled, in shorthand. Capital letters (A) represent I ailure lower case letters (a) represent success. The same convention applies to Greek letters, which represent non-human error events, such as equipment failures. The letters S and F are exceptions to this rule in that they represent system success and failure respectively, in practice, the limbs may be labeled with a short description of the error lo eliminate the need for a legend. The labeling format is unimportant the critical task in developing HRA event trees is the definition of the events themselves and their translation to the trees. 

Premature termination of Task Definition / Strategy selection... 

PROBLEM DEFINITION, QUALITATIVE ERROR PREDICTION AND REPRESENTATION. The recommended problem definition and qualitative error prediction approach for use with SLIM has been described in Section 5.3.1 and 5.3.2. The fact that PIFs are explicitly assessed as part of this approach to qualitative error prediction means that a large proportion of the data requirements for SLIM are already available prior to quantification. SLIM usually quantifies tasks at whatever level calibration data are available, that is, it does not need to perform quantification by combining together task element probabilities from a data base. SLIM can therefore be used for the global quantification of tasks. Task elements quantified by SLIM may also be combined together using event trees similar to those used in THERP. 

The first phase is a clear definition of the scope of work that is to be performed during the shutdown or maintenance outage. This definition must be more than a macro-level listing of the major tasks that are to be performed. Instead, each of these major or macro-level tasks must be fully defined. The purpose of this procedure is to provide an effective method of planning, material control, and follow-up of repetitive, non-repetitive, and capital shutdown work. 

What do we mean by the rate of a chemical reaction Informally, we consider a reaction to be fast if the products are formed rapidly, as occurs in a precipitation reaction or an explosion (Fig. 13.1). A reaction is slow if the products are formed over a long period of time, as happens in corrosion or the decay of organic material (Fig. 13.2). Our first task is to set up a precise, quantitative definition of the rate of a chemical reaction. 

The analysis of the Test of Gained Knowledge showed that the great majority of students (Task 1, f(%) =93.36%) was familiar with the definition of reactants and products and was also very successful in the recognition of reactants and products from the descriptions of simple everyday life processes or various wet laboratory... 

Scientific inquiry, which requires the definition of a model, the examination of the results, then, if neeessaiy, the elaboration of another model, in a sequence of steps, is a eomplex taste in whieh interpretation (or description) plays a cmcial role. I hope that the introduetion of three levels, or steps, in the process of interpretation will be of some help for our task. 

Proper identification of a hazardous waste can be a difficult and confusing task, as the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations establish a complex definition of the term hazardous waste. To help make sense of what is and is not a hazardous waste, this chapter presents the steps involved in the process of identifying, or characterizing, a hazardous waste. 

Scientific theory states that one of the most important tasks of science, and scientists, is the task of definition. Thus it becomes absolutely necessary to define the phenomenon known as life . Very few terms which are used so frequently have been defined in such an unsatisfactory manner. The paradox is that the more we know about life, the more difficult it becomes to define it satisfactorily. There is still no clear definition of the term life which is accepted by all the scientists studying this phenomenon (Cleland and Chyba, 2002). 

In general, a thermometer is called primary if a theoretical reliable relation exists between a measured quantity (e.g. p in constant volume gas thermometer) and the temperature T. The realization and use of a primary thermometer are extremely difficult tasks reserved to metrological institutes. These difficulties have led to the definition of a practical temperature scale, mainly based on reference fixed points, which mimics, as well as possible, the thermodynamic temperature scale, but is easier to realize and disseminate. The main characteristics of a practical temperature scale are both a good reproducibility and a deviation from the thermodynamic temperature T which can be represented by a smooth function of T. In fact, if the deviation function is not smooth, the use of the practical scale would produce steps in the measured quantities as function of T, using the practical scale. The latter is based on ... 

To define a borderland like this is by no means an easy task the boundary shifts from year to year yet a definition of the present aims of Physical chemistry may be made. We may say that the object of physical chemistry is to attempt to refer chemical changes to action between atoms and molecules and to investigate such action as regards its rate, and its extent. (Ramsay 1893 , 1)... 

The previous general continuous-time formulations are mostly oriented towards arbitrary network processes. On the other hand, different continuous-time formulations focused their attention on particular features of a wide variety of sequential processes. One of the first contributions following this direction is based on the concept of time slots, which stand for a set of predefined time intervals with unknown durations. The main idea is to postulate an appropriate number of time slots for each processing unit in order to allocate them to the batches to be processed. The definition of the number of time slots required is not a trivial decision and represents an important trade-offbetween optimality and computational performance. Other alternative approaches for sequential processes were developed based on the concept of batch precedence. Model variables defining the processing sequence of batch tasks are explicitly embedded into these formulations and, consequently,... 

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