Imaging system

Krestel, E., Imaging Systems for Medical Diagnostics. 1990, Berlin Siemens. 

An Eddy Current Imaging System for Reconstruction of Three-Dimensional Flaws. 

We present in this paper an eddy current imaging system able to give an image of three-dimensional flaws. We implement a multifrequency linearized model for solving the 2590... 

Ij D. Premel, N. Madaoui, O. Venard, D. Placko, E. Savin "Art eddy current imaging system for reconstruction of three-dimensional flaws". To be published in the actes of 7th ECNDT Copenhagen 1998. 

Bales Scientific, Infrared Non-Destructive-Test Workstation SPIE Vol. 1689, IR Imaging Systems, 1992, pp 163... 

This first part of the standard deals with the fundamental demands that are placed on the measuring devices to be used and on the procedures to be implemented toward a definition of the relevant parameters of the imaging system /6/. 

Inherent unsharpness U of the imaging system An edge of highly absorbent material that is mounted in the middle of the image converter, is used to define the course and width of the "blurred" edge. The unsharpness is defined between 10% and 90% of the amplitude of the output signal. 

Linearity Differential and integral distortion Vd,i and homogeneity Fld,i are defined at various locations of the image converter input to be able to establish the linearity of the imaging system. 

The parameters thus established serve the comparison of different radioscopic systems with regard to their equipment properties. In part III of the standard the established parameters are assigned to different classes of requirements this way minimum requirements on the imaging system used can be gathered for each individual application. 

The linkage of the properties of the imaging system and of the properties of the entire radioscopic system, including the geometrical imaging constellations, with the user-demanded detail detectability is brought about in two steps. 

The properties of the imaging system that are needed for inspection, correspond to SC3 for SA and SC2 for SB. The resulting table 2 specifies the requirements placed on the entire system for the inspection of light alloys. 

The three-part draft of the radioscopy standard pr EN 13068 is ready for the necessary european inquiries. This standard covers the requirements placed on the imaging system, the checking procedures as to the performance of the entire system and also the specifications of user guidelines for certain inspection tasks. The standard remains open to the definition of new inspection classes for future application cases. 

Figure 1 X-ray imaging system with calibration body and test sample...

To describe the X-ray imaging system the projection of 3D object points onto the 2D image plane, and nonlinear distortions inherent in the image detector system have to, be modelled. A parametric camera model based on a simple pinhole model to describe the projection in combination with a polynomal model of the nonlinear distortions is used to describe the X-ray imaging system. The parameters of the model are estimated using a two step approach. First the distortion parameters for fixed source and detector positions are calculated without any knowledge of the projection parameters. In a second step, the projection parameters are calculated for each image taken with the same source and detector positions but with different sample positions. 

Doering, E.R. Basart,. I.P. Gray,. I.N. Three-dimensional flaw reconstruction and dimensional analysis using a real-time X-ray imaging system. NDT-I-E International, Vol. 26(1), 1993, pp. 7-17. 

By interpretation of the images obtained, one can check whether the digital radiograms can be compared to eonventional ones. To determine the detail perceptibility of this imaging system, an object with preliminary known geometry and with different levels of object contrast can be used. Exposures of such an object, under controlled conditions, enable the viewer to decide... 

The imaging system utilizing an IP consists of four components ... 

In addition to the above 4 components a substantial part of the imaging system is the image eraser, which enables the multiple use of an IP. 

Sharper focusing will extend the use of the MCB tubes to imaging systems in low-power NDT and medical applications. 

The manipulator is equipped with a vertical movement to utilize the in-built magnification facilities that come with the image intensifier based imaging system to assist in inspecting and classifying a block. 

Existing electronic imaging systems currently used for high energy inspection applications are often based on the combination of the following elements ... 

For ultrasonic imaging systems (B-, C- and C-scans) single-shot measurements, fast data recordings, and fast data transfer must be performed. 

In order to test a wide range of materials a series of ultrasonic pulser/receiver boards has been developed. In combination with an ADC-board (analogue-to-digital converter) a PC can be converted to a high performance ultrasonic system not only for manual testing but also for automatic testing and imaging systems. 

The pulser/receiver HILL-SCAN 30XX boards satisfy DIN 25450. Typical applications are ultrasonie imaging systems for nuclear power stations and for aircraft, material characterization, transducer qualification, replacement of portable flaw detectors (inspections of welded joints), inspection of new materials, measurement systems with air eoupling. ... 

Cork T and Kino G S 1996 Confocal Scanning Optical Microscopy and Related Imaging Systems (New York Academic) Gu Min 1996 Principles of Three Dimensional Imaging In Confocal Microscopes (Singapore World Scientific)... 

Wokosin D L and White J G 1997 Optimization of the design of a multiple-photon excitation laser scanning fluorescence imaging system Proc. SPIE 2984 25-9... 

Imaging systems, consisting of specialty chemicals and techniques, are used to produce copies or photographic representations of macroscopic entities that can be seen by the human eye. Moreover, imaging systems are utilized to produce representations of what is outside the range of human vision. 

Optical Disk-Based Information and Document Image Systems... 

G. Tapper and K. TorsRos, Admissibility of Document Imaging Systems, Medder Corp., Westport, Conn., 1992. 

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