Protein conjugated

Conjugated proteins Proteins with a prosthetic group ... 

Proteins may consist exclusively of a polymeric chain of amino acids these are the simple proteins. Quite often some other chemical component is covalendy bonded to the amino acid chain. Glycoproteins and Hpoproteins contain sugar and Hpid components, respectively. Porphyrins are frequently associated with proteins, eg, in hemoglobin. Proteins bound to other chemical components are called conjugated proteins. Most enzymes are conjugated proteins. 

Casein may be considered to be a conjugated protein, that is the protein is associated in nature with certain non-protein matter known as prosthetic groups. In the case of casein the prosthetic group is phosphoric acid. The protein molecule is also associated in some way with calcium. The presence of these inorganic materials has an important bearing on the processability and subsequent use of casein polymers. 

F-adjacent Transcript-10 (FAT 10) is composed of two ubiquitin-like domains and capable to mark conjugated proteins for proteasomal degradation independent of ubiquitin. FAT10 is inducible by IFN-y and TNF and induces apoptosis when over expressed. 

Optical activity in conjugated proteins. G. Blauer, Struct. Bonding (Berlin), 1974,18, 69-129 (393). 

Blauer G (1974) Optical Activity of Conjugated Proteins. 18 69-129 Bleijenberg KC (1980) Luminescence Properties of Uranate Centres in Solids. 42 97-128 Boca R, Breza M, Pelikan P (1989) Vibronic Interactions in the Stereochemistry of Metal Complexes 71 57-97... 

The concentration of total protein in human plasma is approximately 7.0-7.5 g/dL and comprises the major part of the solids of the plasma. The proteins of the plasma are actually a complex mixture that includes not only simple proteins but also conjugated proteins such as glycoproteins and various types of lipoproteins. Thousands of antibodies are present in human plasma, though the amount of any one antibody is usually quite low under normal circumstances. The relative dimensions and molecular masses of some of the most important plasma proteins are shown in Figure 50-1. 

The following sections discuss the major properties and conjugation chemistries associated with the use of these polymers in modifying or conjugating proteins and other molecules. 

Proteins are sometimes classified as simple or conjugated . Simple proteins consist exclusively of polypeptide chain(s) with no additional chemical components present or being required for biological activity. Conjugated proteins, in addition to their polypeptide components(s),... 

Conjugated oils, synthetic, 9 150 Conjugated polymers, 23 709 Conjugate vaccines, 25 506 Conjugating, protein isolation by, 13 748 Conjugation, 12 471. See also Conjugation reactions plasmid, 12 501... 

All enzymes are proteins although many are conjugated proteins and are associated with non-protein groups. Their catalytic activity depends on the maintenance of their native structure and slight variations may result in significant changes in this activity. 

Conjugated proteins consist of a protein part (apoprotein) and a nonprotein part (prosthetic group). 

The nitrogen content of proteins is usually accepted as 16% of the total weight but this may not always be correct as values for individual proteins do differ. This is particularly true if the protein has either a high proportion of basic amino acids (additional nitrogen atoms) or is a conjugated protein with an appreciable non-protein component (Table 11.1). 

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