Fibroblast Chinese hamster

The photodynamic effect of chloroaluminum(III) phthalocyanine ((47), with C1A1 in place of Zn), a commercial product, was reported by Ben-Hur and Rosenthal.302 The photosensitizer was delivered in ethanol to cultures of Chinese hamster fibroblasts. After equilibration (16 h), exposure to visible light (fluence rate 64 Wm-2) of a suspension in PBS for 2 min gave a 3 log kill. Lack of water solubility is a problem, and for in vivo PDT of EMT-6 mammary tumors in mice a Cremophor emulsion was employed.303 The compound was a more effective PDT sensitizer than... 

A variety of cell lines, strains, or primary cell cultures, including human cells, may be used (e.g., Chinese hamster fibroblasts, human or other mammalian peripheral blood lymphocytes). Cell cultures are exposed to the test substance both with and without metabolic activation and at predetermined intervals after exposure, they are treated with a metaphase-arresting substance (e.g., colchicine), harvested, stained, and metaphase cells are analyzed microscopically for the presence of structural chromosome aberrations. At least three concentrations should be used. 

Danford, N. (1985) Tests for chromosome aberrations and aneuploidy in the Chinese hamster fibroblast cell line CHl-L. In Ashby, J., de Senes, F.J., Draper, M., Ishidate, M., Jr, Margolin, B.H., Matter, B.E. Shelby, M.D., eds. Progress in Mutation Research, Volume 5, Evaluation of Short-Term Tests for Carcinogens. Report of the International Programme on Chemical Safety s Collaborative Study on in vitro assays, Amsterdam, Elsevier Seienee, pp. 397 11... 

Danford, N. (1985) Tests for chromosome aberrations and aneuploidy in the Chinese hamster fibroblast cell line CHl-L. Prog. Mutat. Res., 5, 397 411... 

GIA, Gene mutation, Chinese hamster fibroblasts, hprt loeus in vitro +0 NT 180 Klungland et al. (1995)... 

Klungland, A., Laake, K., Hoff, E. Secbcrg, E. (1995) Spectrum of mutations induced by methyl and ethyl methanesulfonate at the hprt locus of nonnal and tag expressing Chinese hamster fibroblasts. Carcinogenesis, 16, 1281-1285... 

CIC, Chromosomal aberrations, Chinese hamster fibroblast CHL - NT 2000 Ishidate et al. (1983)... 

Ishidate, M., ed. (1983) The Data Book of Chromosomal Aberration Tests In Vitro on 587 Chemical Substances Using a Chinese Hamster Fibroblast Cell Line (CHL Cell), Tokyo, Realize Inc. 

Munro TR (1970) The relative radiosensitivity of the nucleus and cytoplasm of Chinese hamster fibroblasts. Radiat Res 42 451-470... 

Trp-P-1, Trp-P-2, Glu-P-1, and AaC induced sister chromatid exchanges in human lymphoid cells, NL-3 (33). Trp-P-1, Trp-P-2, Glu-P-1, Glu-P-2, AaC, and MeAaC induced chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster fibroblasts (34). 

Chinese hamster fibroblasts Gap junction intercellular communication + NS Malcolm and Mills 1989... 

Donelly M, Scheffler IE (1976), Energy metabolism in respiration deficient and wild type Chinese hamster fibroblasts in culture, J. Cell. Physiol. 18 39-52. 

Inoculate cells into bottles 24 h prior to initial selection. 5 X 107 Don-C Chinese hamster fibroblast cells may be inoculated into a roller bottle in McCoy s medium (see 11.2.2). 

Understandably, there are examples of oxygen-tolerant cell lines which have much higher levels of constitutive antioxidant enzymes than normal [249]. The ability of other cells to protect themselves by means of antioxidant enzymes is limited by their biosynthetic response to oxidative stress. In vitro exposure to paraquat induces an increase in SOD and catalase activities in human and hamster fibroblasts [250,251]. In cultured HeLa cells, a chronic exposure to paraquat induces a simultaneous increase in Mn- and Cu/Zn-SOD activities in surviving cells [252], Interestingly, such cells have apparently acquired resistance to paraquat, and their higher level of SOD activities persists for many months following the exposure to paraquat. In Chinese hamster fibroblasts, a chronic exposure to H2O2 results in a 5-40-fold increase in catalase activity [253], which... 

Ethyl acetate induced aneuploidy in Sac-charomyces cerevisiae. It yielded positive results in an in vitro sister chromatid exchange assay in Chinese hamster ovary cells. In vitro chromosomal aberration assays were positive in Chinese hamster fibroblast cells and negative in Chinese hamster ovary cells. (An in vivo bone marrow micronucleus study in Chinese hamsters yielded negative results by both intraperitoneal and oral administrations.)... 

Suzuki T, Nguyen CT, Nantel F, Bonin H, Valiquette M, et al. 1992. Distinct regulation of Pi- and /f2-adrcncrgic receptors in Chinese hamster fibroblasts. Mol. Pharmacol. 41 542 48... 

Spitz DR, Dewey WC, Li GC (1987) Hydrogen peroxide or heat shock induces resistance to hydrogen peroxide in Chinese hamster fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol 131 364-373 Laval F (1988) Pretreatment with oxygen species increases the resistance to hydrogen peroxide in Chinese hamster fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol 201 73-79... 

Spitz DR, Elwell JH, Sun Y, Oberley LW, Oberley TD, Sullivan SJ, Roberts RJ (1990) Oxygen toxicity in control and hydrogen H2O2-resistant Chinese hamster fibroblast cell lines. Arch Biochem Biophys 279 249-260... 

An altmialive method to measming mutation induction within mammalian genes involves the examination of mammalian chromosomes microscopically for the presence of visible damage. Cultures of established cells (e.g., Chinese hamster fibroblasts) or primary cells (e.g., human periphraal l3rmphoc3rtes) can be used. 

STSSia IV Sia(a2-8)Sia-R (NCAM) Chinese hamster fibroblasts [620] synthesis of polysialic acid on NCAM... 

The cytotoxic activity of 6-demethoxyacronycine (17) was determined in vitro in comparison with acronycine, against wild type (DC-3F) and actinomycine D-resistant (DC-3F/ADX) Chinese hamster fibroblastic lung cell lines and against murine L1210 leukemia cells (47, 48). 6-Demethoxy acronycine (17) was found to have a potency within the same order of magnitude as acronycine itself against the different cell lines (Table 1). 

C.J. Gomer, M. Luna, A. Ferrario, N. Rucker (1991). Increased transcription and translation of heme oxygenase in Chinese hamster fibroblasts following photodynamic stress or Photofrin II incubation. Photochem. PhotobioL, 53, 275-279. 

In HeLa ceils hydroxyurea is an efficient inhibitor of histone synthesis. This action requires protein synthesis and leads to rapid disappearance of cytoplasmatic histone mRNA The effect is not specific for hydroxyurea since suppression of DNA synthesis by arabino-cytosine or temperature-sensitive mutations yields analogous results. Similarly, the synthesis of some enzymes necessary for DNA replication and active in S-phase is altered by hydroxyurea. Increased activity of ribonucleotide reductase in HeLa and in hamster cells and of the salvage enzyme thymidine kinase in HeLa cells and KB cells has been observed, probably as a consequence of the increased fraction of cells in S-phase. Repression occurs for thymidine kinase in human lymphocytes and for ornithine decarboxylase in Chinese hamster fibroblasts whereas no or only slight effects were seen on ribonucleotide reductase in hamster fibroblasts , on thymidylate synthase in extracts from synchronous mouse cells " , and on DNA polymerase in rabbit kidney cells or HeLa cells . ... 

Chinese hamster fibroblasts co-sedimentation on sucrose gradients kinetic coupling nascent and template DNA, ribonucleotide reductase, thymidylate synthase, dihydrofolate reductase, thymidine kinase, NDP kinase, DNA polymerase 83, 273, 353... 

No clastogenic activity of coriander essential oil was observed in the chromosomal aberration test in vitro using a Chinese hamster fibroblast cell line treated with concentrations of the oil up to 0.125 mg/ml (Ishidate et al. 1984). 

In the Bacillus subtilis DNA-repair test, sweet fennel essential oil showed some mutagenic activity, while in the chromosomal aberration test in Chinese hamster fibroblast cells (Sekizawa and Shibamoto 1982), fennel essential oil showed no mutagenic activity (Ishidate et al. 1984). 

A slight mutagenic effect of noni juice extract was observed in the Salmonella microsome assay in strain TA1537 but not in strains TA98 or TAIOO. The activity was attributed to the presence of flavonoids (Westendorf et al. 2007). No mutagenicity of noni juice was observed in the mammalian mutagenicity test with V79 Chinese hamster fibroblasts (Westendorf et al. 2007). Rats treated with a noni juice concentrate did not show DNA repair synthesis in primary rat hepatocytes, nor could DNA adducts or DNA strand breaks be observed (Westendorf et al. 2007). 

A major group of glycoproteins, which have a high molecular weight and stain only faintly with Coomassie Blue, but bind to concanavalin A, have been identified in the plasma membranes of Chinese hamster fibroblasts. Their presence is only revealed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and not by conventional electrophoretic techniques. The alteration of membrane components of hamster-kidney fibroblasts transformed by Rous sarcoma virus is expressed in an increase in the levels of three glycoproteins, when compared with.those of control cells. The structure (24) of the major cell-surface glycoprotein from hamster-embryo fibroblasts has been established. ... 

Chromosomal aberration Chinese hamster fibroblast cells 0.02 mg sodium chlorite/ml Positive Ishidate et al. (1984)... 

Fig. 17. Electron micrograph of a Chinese hamster fibroblast in prophase. Portions of two chromosomes enclosed within the nuclear envelope are shown in one the two sister kinetochores I ki/ "k2") are visible note their "back-to-back" arrangement. X60,000. The material was not treated with colcemid Icf. Brinkley and Stubblefield, 1966) glutaraldehyde fixation, post-fixed in 0s04, uranyl and lead staining. (Unpublished micrograph courtesy of B. R. Brinkley.)...

Effect of adenine on novo purine biosynthesis De novo purine biosynthesis in CHO and V79 cells is very sensitive to regulation by exogenous adenine. Data presented in Table 1 illustrate that 10 pM adenine is sufficient to inhibit de novo purine biosynthesis by more than 60% as measured by the incorporation of [ C] formate in total purines in a 2-h labeling period. The response of Chinese hamster cells to inhibition by adenine is approximately 5-fold more sensitive than that of JE, coli. However, growth of Chinese hamster fibroblasts is not affected until concentratons of 500 pM adenine are in the medium. Under these conditions, there is a slight inhibitory effect. 

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