British Chemical Society

Since Britain has a Society of Chemical Industry as well as a Chemical Society, British Abstracts was created in 1926 as a separate organization, which is independently administered by representatives of various societies. Since 1926, the (British) Chemical Society editors have no direct responsibility for nomenclature in British Abstracts. The Chemical Society sets the standard of nomenclature in Britain, but through its Journal, Quarterly Reviews, and Annual Reportsf and not through abstracts or abstracts indexes. 

The (British) Chemical Society is governed by an elected council, responsible for general policy. The council delegates to its Publication Committee responsibility for the policy of publications. The Publication Committee, and not the editor, makes the final decision for acceptance of papers and decides major matters of nomenclature. The edi-... 

He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Society in 1911, the same year he received the Willard Gibbs Medal of the American Chemical Society. Three years later he was awarded the Faraday Medal of the British Chemical Society. He was also a member of the Swedish Academy of Sciences and the German Chemical Society. 

The British Chemical Society has recently begun to publish each year a volume entitled The Alkaloids (10) which, in always briefer form, records those reports on alkaloid chemistry and biochemistry which have appeared in the preceding year. Farnsworth (11) undertook to publish a periodical... 

Meanwhile the British Chemical Society asked Frisch to write a review of advances in experimental nuclear physics for its annual report. I... 

The chapter draws on the Open University project Studies of the British Chemical Community, 1881-1972 the Principal Institutions , which has received substantial funding from the Lever-hulme Trust. A major tool of the project is a biographical database which uses a wide range of sources to construct the educational and occupational routes followed by representative samples of chemists who joined the British chemical societies or were graduates of British universities. For details of the project and the sources used, see Mackie and Roberts (2001b). 

Table 7.1 Membership of the principal British chemical societies to 1914.

It might also be worth looking into the social status that the chemical societies did or did not provide their members with. The British chapter has dealt in detail with the reasons the British chemists had for joining or not joining one or more of the British chemical societies. Similar analyses of the situation in other national contexts or comparisons with other scientific disciplines and professions would be extremely interesting. 

Research Achievement, American Society of Pharmacognosy (1985). Remsen Award, American Chemical Society (1981). Centenary Medal, British Chemical Society (1979). Chemical Society of Japan Award (1979). Ernst Gunther Award, American Chemical Society (1978). 

What are the differences between the (British) Chemical Society and the American Chemical Society ... 

Seliger, H., Holupirek, M., and Bach, T. C. (1977) The lipoyl affinity group and its use in oligonucleotide synthesis British Chemical Society Nucleotide Group, 10th anniversary meeting, communications (poster no. 6)... 

British Chemicai Abstracts. These were commenced in the year 1871 and were included in the Journal of the Chemical Society. In 1926 the abstracting was taken over by the Bureau of Chemical Abstracts abstracts were then published in two parts Part A Pure Chemistry (formerly issued by the Chemical Society) and Part B Applied Chemistry ... 

Chemical Abstracts Service. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), a division of the American Chemical Society, has produced Chemical Abstracts (CA) since 1907. Since the demise of Chemisches Zentralblatt and British Chemical Abstracts CA has been the preeminent medium for documenting new pubhcations in the field of chemistry and chemical engineering. CA documents chemical pubHcations of all types. It is not a patent database per se, but its patent component is larger than most databases devoted entirely to patents. Thus, for example, the number of patent references in CA for the years 1991—1993 ranged from 95,500—99,400 per year. 

Robert Sidney Calm (1899-1981) was born in England and received a doctoral degree in France. Although not specifically trained as a chemist, he became editor of the British Journal of the Chemical Society. 

Not all problems were solved, however, and different usages were encountered on the two sides of the Atlantic. A joint British-American committee was therefore set up, and in 1952 it published Rules for Carbohydrate Nomenclature [18]. This work was continued, and a revised version was endorsed in 1963 by the American Chemical Society and by the Chemical Society in Britain and published [19]. The publication of this report led the IUPAC Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry to consider the preparation of a set of IUPAC Rules for Carbohydrate Nomenclature. This was done jointly with the IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature, and resulted in the Tentative Rules for Carbohydrate Nomenclature, Part I, 1969 , published in 1971/72 in several journals [1]. It is a revision of this 1971 document that is presented here. In the present document, recommendations are designated 2-Carb-n, to distinguish them from the Carb-n recommendations in the previous publication. 

Although CA and Referativnyi Zhurnal, Khimya are currently the only chemical abstracting publications that cover the entire field of chemistry, there were a number of earlier abstracting publications now defiinct. The most important are Chemisches Zentralblatt and British Abstracts. These publications are still valuable because they began before CA and can therefore supply abstracts for papers that appeared before 1907. Furthermore, even for papers published after 1907, Zentralblatt and British Abstracts are often more detailed. Zentralblatt was published, under various names, from 1830 to 1969. British Abstracts was a separate publication from 1926 to 1953, but earher abstracts from this source are available in the Journal of the Chemical Society from 1871 to 1925. 

Abdelrazig, B. E. I., Sharp, J. H., Siddy, P. A. El-Jazairi, B. (1984). Chemical reactions in magnesia-phosphate cements. Proceedings of the British Ceramic Society, 35, 141-54. 

Financial support from the Ministero per V Istruzione, 1 Universita e la Ricerca (MIUR, Rome) and the American Chemical Society - Petroleum Research Foundation (ACS-PRF) is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks are due to Engelhard and Johnson Matthey for providing the commercial catalysts, and to Prof. B. R. James (University of British Columbia) for his careful editorial work. 

Accordingly, at a joint meeting1 of representatives of the British sub-committee on organo-phosphorus nomenclature and of the American Chemical Societies advisory sub-committee on organo-phosphorus nomenclature it was considered desirable to introduce an entirely new terminology for the P—Cl, P—NHj, etc., type of ester so as to overcome strong differences of opinion. 

In the first half of the nineteenth century, institutions in metropolitan London dominated British teaching and research in chemistry. These institutions included the hospitals, the colleges of the University of London, the Royal Institution, the Royal College of Chemistry, and the Chemical Society of London, founded in 1841.2 The most prestigious English institutions, Oxford University and Cambridge University, did not encourage specialized scientific studies, especially not chemistry. 

See C. B. Allsop and W. A. Waters, "Thomas Martin Lowry," 402418, in Alexander Findlay and William Hobson Mills, eds., British Chemists (London The Chemical Society, 1947) 402 and W. J. Pope, "Thomas Martin Lowry," Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society, 2 (19361938) 287293. 

Smith, "Development of Organic Chemistry," Pt. I, 43 also G. A. R. Kon and R. P. Linstead, "Jocelyn Field Thorpe," in British Chemists, ed. Alexander Findlay (London The Chemical Society, 1947) 369401, on 371373. 

Dr. Zhang holds several adjunct professorships, including one at the University of Waterloo and one at the University of British Columbia. His research is mainly based on fuel cell catalysis development. He has coauthored more than 200 publications, including 150 refereed journal papers and three edited books. Fie also holds over 10 US. patents and patent publications. Dr. Zhang is an active member of the Electrochemical Society, the International Society of Electrochemistry, and the American Chemical Society. 

With the advent of World War I in the summer of 1914, the United States (U.S.) chemists and the chemical industry were propelled into the public arena. At the time, the Germans dominated the chemical industry. However, shipments of chemicals from Germany to the U.S. were thwarted by the British blockade. Consequently, several American Chemical Society (ACS) chapters called on U.S. chemical companies to expand production into dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, and other organic chemicals. The war effort led to expansions in the steel and petroleum industries which stimulated growth in the production of coal-tar chemicals and petrochemicals that the chemical industry could convert to dyes, drugs, and other products. This lessened the dependence on Germany. The increased demand for explosives called for increased supplies of toluene, phenol and nitric acid (Skolnik Reese, 1976). 

About 25 years ago, a major conference on coal science was held at The Pennsylvania State University. The papers presented at that conference were subsequently published as Coal Science, an out-of-print volume in the Advances in Chemistry Series of the American Chemical Society. Some of the chapters in that volume are still cited in current literature, a testament to the quality and continuing relevance of that work to the field of coal science. The conference organizer, Peter Given, had come to Penn State a few years earlier after a 10-year career with the British Coal Utilization Research Association. Even then. Given had established a reputation as a significant contributor to coal science. In the following years, he came to be recognized as one of the dominant coal scientists of the post-World War II era. 

Many resources were used to compile the information in this book. The hazardous chemicals listed here are taken from Sittig, 4th Edition. For a few chemicals in Sittig, their makers are not listed, perhaps because they are made in such limited quantities that they are sold through specialty middlemen and catalog houses. The primary resources for preparing the list of manufacturers in this book were (1) the Web sites of the companies, (2) membership in special sections of United States chemical societies, the European Chemical Industry Council (CEFIC) and societies in India, Japan, Asia, Italy and elsewhere, and (3) sites in which companies register themselves as producers of particular products, such as the Thomas Directories in the U.S. and Europe, the American Chemical Society ChemCyclopedia, and the British Chemical Industries Association Chemextra. Direct access to these sites are quickly available to any Internet user. They are listed in Section VII - Hotlines, Databases and Useful Web Sites. 

British Chemical Abstracts (Sections A and B) issued by the Bureau of Chemical Abstracts, and Chemical Abstracts of the American Chemical Society, should also be consulted for recent references. 

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