American Test

In agreement with these considerations, the results of tests at Derby have shown that specimens exposed at 45° corroded 10-20% more than vertical specimens, and that 54% of the total loss was on the underside. In American tests on specimens exposed at 30° to the horizontal, 62% of the loss was on the underside. 

The influence of height above the ground on the corrosion of steel has been demonstrated in two series of American tests. In tests carried out at Cape Kennedy, specimens exposed at 9 -1 m above the ground and 55 m from the sea corroded at just over a third of the rate of those at ground level. Increasing the height of exposure to 18-2 m resulted in a slightly lower rate of corrosion. 

Cinders and acid peaty soils are obviously among the soils most corrosive toward copper. There is, however, no direct relationship between the rate of corrosion and any single feature of the soil composition or constitution". For instance, in the American tests corrosion in several soils with either low pH or high conductivity was not particularly severe, while the British tests show that high chloride or sulphate contents are not necessarily harmful. 

There is an American test for biscuit flour that involves producing standard cookies baked on a standard aluminium plate. The diameter of the finished product is measured. The greater the diameter the higher the score. This test is of course a measure of dough extensibility, which is the crucial property for biscuit flours. 

Heat Tests. Under this term may be placed all the stability tests which involve heating an explosive, eg Abel Heat Test, Acidity Measurements (pH measurements), American Test at 65.5° or 80°, Bergmann-Junk Test, Brame s Test, Brunswig s Test, Chiaraviglio Corbino Test, Conductivity Method (De Bruin de Pauw) Continuous Test, Deflagration Test, Desmaroux Test, Dupre s Vacuum Test, Dutch Test,... 

American Test at 65.5° also called 65.5°C Surveillance Test. This test was designed at the US Naval Powder Factory (now called the Naval Propellant Plant) by G.W. 

ASTM D471/77.52T Part 37 (American) Test on Rubber property - Effects on fluid... 

Heat Teats (Thermal Stability Tests) include among others the following l)Abels or KI Test (qv) 2) American Test at 65.5° or 80° (See Ref 2 p 80 and under Surveillance Tests in this section) 3)Angeli s Test (See Ref 2, p 90 and p A 3 of this volume) 4)Bergmann-Junk Test (qv) 5)Brome s Test (Ref 2, p 88)... 

Figure 1 Speed/time trace for the U.S. federal test procedure (FTP). The American test cycle for passenger cars and light-duty vehicles from 1975 model year.

Species commonly used in US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), American Testing and Materials (ASTM) and US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) testing programs. 

The American tests quickly proved DDT to be ideal for the army s purposes—it was effective and long-lasting, and it could be manufactured in the United States. Safety testing began immediately. Results soon arrived from the Food and Drug Administration, and they raised troubling questions. When fed to animals, the compound was found to cause nervousness,... 

The rubber industry expresses ozone concentration as parts per hundred million parts of air. whereas environmental agencies have traditionally used parts per billion (thousand million). ASTM Dl 149 (the corresponding American test method to ISO 1431/1) expresses and specifies ozone concentration in terms of partial pressure to accommodate differences in barometric pressure between test laboratories. 50 mPa is equivalent to 50 pphm ozone... 

The American test method for indentation force deflection (IFD). ASTM D 3574-95, de.scribes a procedure similar to the British Standard, but it differs in several ways that must be recognized if direct comparisons are to be made. D 3574- 95 is specifically for "Flexible Cellular Materials Slab. Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams. Specimen... 

AZAMBUJA, J. SOUSA, F ROSA, L. KASTENSMIDT, F. The limitations of software signature and basic block sizing in soft error fault coverage. In LATIN AMERICAN TEST WORKSHOP, LATW 2010. Proceedings... Los Alamitos, USA IEEE Computer Society, 2010. 

SCHILLACI, M. REORDA, M. VIOLANTE, M. A new approach to cope with single event upsets in processor-based systems. In IEEE LATIN-AMERICAN TEST WORKSHOP, 7., 2006, LATW 2006, Buenos Aires, ARG. Proceedings... [S.I. s.n.], 2006, pp. 145-150. 

The American test for obviousness requires factual analysis of (1) the scope and content of the prior art (2) the differences between the prior art and the claimed invention (3) the level of ordinary skill in the art and (4) any objective evidence of non-obviousness. " In its recent decision concerning KSR International, the United States Supreme Court articulated a broad inquiry for determining obviousness. The proper question is whether one of ordinary skill, facing the wide range of needs created by developments in the field of endeavor would have seen the benefit of making the changes in the invention. 

Summary This American test method establishes the procedures, equipment, materials, and condihons to measure the carbon content of the plastic sample through radiocarbon analysis. This test method is applicable to carbon-based plastic products that can undergo combushon in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide gas (CO2). This test method can be useful for companies and US federal agencies to promote the use of biobased products in commercial, non-food products. The test method directly discriminates between 14C/12C content of plastic samples made from contemporary carbon and those plastic samples made from petroleum sources that do not have 14C. Measurement of a plastic product s 14C/12C content is determined relative to the modem carbon-based oxahc acid radiocarbon Standard Reference Material 4990c. 

Cyclamate was withdrawn from use in the USA and Canada in 1970 and later in the UK, because American tests showed that rats fed with large doses of cyclamate developed bladder cancer. However, later tests failed to confirm this result and the sweetener is currently permitted in some 50 other countries. 

Well defined test methods are available in North America and Europe for evaluating ceramic tile adhesives. Test methods used in Germany for emulsion-based mastics are described in DIN EN 1324 (adhesive shear strength) and DIN EN 1346 (correction or adjustment time). Cementbased CTA are tested by DIN EN 1348 (puU of strength) and again DIN EN 1346 (op>en time). Classification is determined for both types of adhesives by prDIN EN 12004. North American test methods and specifications for tile adhesives are described in the following American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards ... 

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