Adjustment time

In specifying the number of jacket zones and the aspect ratio for a full-scale reactor, there is a limitation on the temperature adjustment time. This implies that it must be of the same duration as experienced in the pilot plant reactor. Combining Equations 13-89 and 13-97 yields... 

The response time (relaxation time, adjustment time) of a reservoir is a time scale that characterizes the adjustment to equilibrium after a sudden change in the system. A precise definition is not easy to give except in special circumstances like in the following example. 

Adjust time with meals and avoid high-protein meals or redistribute the protein in meals... 

A powdered dry-blend of plasticized PVC is introduced into a hot mould for an appropriately adjusted time to obtain a consistent wall thickness of gelled PVC. The dry-blend excess is removed and then the mould is cooled to strengthen the moulded part. 

Movsas B, Scott C, Sause W, et al. Age dramatically impacts on the quality-adjusted time without symptoms of toxicity (Q-Twist) in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer - A Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) analysis. Proc Am Soc Thera Rad Oncol (ASTRO). IJROBP 2000 48 92A (abstr). 

There are different time scales associated with the various emissions and uptake processes. Two terms that are frequently used are turnover time and response or adjustment) time. The turnover time is defined as the ratio of the mass of the gas in the atmosphere to its total rate of removal from the atmosphere. The response or adjustment time, on the other hand, is the decay time for a compound emitted into the atmosphere as an instantaneous pulse. If the removal can be described as a first-order process, i.e., the rate of removal is proportional to the concentration and the constant of proportionality remains the same, the turnover and the response times are approximately equal. However, this is not the case if the parameter relating the removal rate and the concentration is not constant. They are also not equal if the gas exchanges between several different reservoirs, as is the case for C02. For example, the turnover time for C02 in the atmosphere is about 4 years because of the rapid uptake by the oceans and terrestrial biosphere, but the response time is about 100 years because of the time it takes for C02 in the ocean surface layer to be taken up into the deep ocean. A pulse of C02 emitted into the atmosphere is expected to decay more rapidly over the first decade or so and then more gradually over the next century. 

Fluorescence can be detected at various delay times with adjustable time gates Af in consecutive acquisition cycles (multigate detection). At best, lifetime r can be calculated from four experimental data (for the case of monoexponential decay) ... 

As can be seen from Equation (27), the sequential cascades result in responses that are symmetrical along the two adjustable time variables,... 

Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the experimental setup to split the incoming laser pulse into 5 separate pulses with the two adjustable time delays. 

The spectra obtained in phase matching geometries 8a and 8b are shown in Fig. 9a and 9b. The spectrum in Fig. 9a shows a high degree of asymmetry, while the spectrum in Fig. 9b appears quite symmetrical in the behavior along the two adjustable time variables. The symmetrical... 

The final corrected value for the activation energy was also used to adjust for the exothermic heating observed in the small bomb runs, which modified the initial kinetic data. The adjusted time values were 4.60, 8.31, 14.53, 20.18, 25.08 and 31.77 minutes, corresponding to the values 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 60 listed in Table VI. 

At present C02- lasers of 10.6-pm wavelength and solid-state lasers of 1.06-pm wavelengths are used in industry most often. To perform works, solid-state lasers were selected owing to their compactness and the possibility of adjusting time parameters of laser emission within a wide range. 

Animal to Human Dosimetric Adjustment Time Scaling ... 

For many applications it is sufficient to use a simple fraction collector in which fractions are changed at regular, but adjustable time intervals. More elaborate collectors allow fractions to be changed after predetermined volumes (or more strictly, number of drops of eluent) have been collected, or they can be controlled by the monitor to collect individual peaks, triggered at threshold of values of absorption. 

Slow detector time constant Adjust time constant to match peak width. 

The following are the pre-startup procedures (a) Check operation of the chlorine pressure reducing valve (PRV) by turning ON the power switch on the sludge oxidation unit control panel. Turn the chlorine valve switch to the OPEN position, observe operation of valve actuator (b) turn switch to the CLOSED position and (c) adjust time delay relays according to the manufacturer s instruction manual. 

We performed simulations for the QLL with the photochemical mechanism summarized in Table 3 using the commercial software FACSIMILE,which uses an implicit integration scheme for stiff differential equations with a self-adjusting time step. This software is able to translate a reaction mechanism into a set of dependent differential equations for the concentrations of all involved species. Further input parameters include reaction rate constants and initial concentrations if necessary. Additional details about the software can be found on the AEA Technology website (www.aeat.co.uk/mcpa/areas/software/ facsimil.htm). 

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