Water-based adhesive

Floor adhesive (water based) Nonane, decane, undecane, dimethyloctane, 2-methylnonane, dimethylbenzene... 

Laminating adhesive - water based epoxy amine, 2.5 g/m ... 

Clutin-adhesive Water based adhesives, formulated from animal products, such as bones, skin. 

Two other classes of silicones deserve mention. These are the water-based silicones that are used in sealant and coating applications and the silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives. Water-based silicones can be prepared by anionic polymerization of siloxanes in water using a surface-active catalyst such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid [4]. The resulting emulsion can then be cross-linked in several ways, including the use of alkoxysilane copolymerization or tin catalysts in conjunction with colloidal silica. The result is essentially an emulsion of cured PDMS in water. Various fillers and other components are added, resulting in a sealant composition. Upon evaporation of water. 

Use Level 2-5 lb/100 gal pant 0.01 -0.1 % (latex adhesives, water-based printing inks) 0.01-0.1% (industrial processes)... 

Uses Emulsifier defoamer for adhesive, water-based paints soap mfg., antifreeze, hot aq. systems, insecticides, textile, paper, petrol., vinyl latex binders and emulsions, boiler water defoaming, leather finishing, metalworking, and waste treatment... 

Table 5.10 lists polymers used for both water- and solvent-based adhesives. Water-based adhesives cost less than the equivalent solvent-based compounds. Even inexpensive organic solvents are costly when compared to water. The use of water eliminates problems of flammability, emission, and toxicity associated with organic solvents. However, in most cases, water-based adhesives must be kept from freezing during shipment and storage because of possible permanent damage to both the container and the contents. 

Compared to solvent-based adhesives, water-based dispersion adhesives have several advantages environmentally friendly and non-flammable. In addition, a larger quantity of adhesive can be dispersed in water without a signiflcant increase in the viscosity. Thus, a solid content of 40-70% in weight is common, and this is almost twice the quantity compared to solvent-based adhesives. 

In contrast to reactive adhesives, water-based dispersion adhesives generally cannot withstand such storage conditions and must be protected from low temperatures. In such... 

Chem. Descrip. Petroleum distillales, hydrotreated light CAS 64742-47-8 EINECS/ELINCS 265-149-8 Uses Defoamer for acrylic, EVA, and VAc latexes in coatings, food-contact applies., wallpaper, other adhesives, water-based emulsion polymers (acrylic, vinyl acrylic, st ne acrylic, EVA, PVAc, S/B, vinyl Veova) pQstw QS Oil bdscd... 

Another widely used overlay adhesive is the contact type. These specialized adhesives, in the same group as mbber cement, may be of the solvent-base or water-base types. They are often used to bond overlays such as wood veneer, vinyl (poly(vinyl chloride)) films, or high pressure laminates such as countertop overlays. 

Protein-Based Adhesives. Proteia-based adhesives are aormaHy used as stmctural adhesives they are all polyamino acids that are derived from blood, fish skin, caseia [9000-71 -9] soybeans, or animal hides, bones, and connective tissue (coUagen). Setting or cross-linking methods typically used are iasolubilization by means of hydrated lime and denaturation. Denaturation methods require energy which can come from heat, pressure, or radiation, as well as chemical denaturants such as carbon disulfide [75-15-0] or thiourea [62-56-6]. Complexiag salts such as those based upon cobalt, copper, or chromium have also been used. Formaldehyde and formaldehyde donors such as h exam ethyl en etetra am in e can be used to form cross-links. Removal of water from a proteia will also often denature the material. 

Bonding properties of water-based contact adhesives are similar to those of solvent-based systems, but are free of flammabihty ha2ards. However, drying times are longer and the bond is sensitive to moisture. 

Use as Solvent. Toluene is more important as a solvent than either benzene or xylene. Solvent use accounts for ca 14% of the total U.S. toluene demand for chemicals. About two-thirds of the solvent use is in paints and coatings the remainder is in adhesives, inks, pharmaceuticals, and other formulated products utilizing a solvent carrier. Use of toluene as solvent in surface coatings has been declining, primarily because of various environmental and health regulations. It is being replaced by other solvents, such as esters and ketones, and by changing the product formulation to use either fully soHd systems or water-based emulsion systems. 

Inks. Refined kaolin is a common ingredient in a large variety of printing inks (qv). In addition to extending the more expensive polymers present, ka olin also contributes to improved color strength, limits the penetration of the ink into the paper, controls rheology, and improves adhesion. Kaolin for this appHcation must usually be as white as possible and free from oversize particles. Surface treated clays are used to improve compatibiHty with oil-based ink. Clays can also be an ingredient in the newer water-based or uv-cured inks. 

Lamination. la lamination a film is prepared by caleaderiag or extmsioa (see Laminated materials, plastic). It is thea adhered to a textile at a laminator by either an adhesive or sufficient heat which partially melts the film to obtain a mechanical bond. There are a variety of adhesives available for lamination, including solvent systems, water-base latex systems, and various forms of hot melt adhesives (qv). 

Because most latices have low viscosities by compounding, most of the waterborne rubber adhesives are sprayable. Thickeners such as fumed silicas can be added to increase viscosity and thixotropy. This means that even at relatively large viscosities (over 10 Pas) many water-based rubber adhesives can be sprayed. Dip and curtain applications require viscosities between 0.05 and 0.3 Pas, whereas brush application works with viscosities between 1 and 50 Pa s. 

This chapter reviews the main aspects of rubber base adhesives. A detailed description of the main ingredients of rubber base adhesive has been given because most of the previous contributions in this area did not consider this important aspect. On the other hand, update of the literature in water-base rubber adhesives has been done. 

Wherry, R.W., Resin dispersions for water based pressure sensitive adhesives. Pressure Sensitive Tape Council Seminar (May, 1979). 

Rubber-based adhesives provide softness and good low temperature flexibility (see Table 8). These properties make them the primary choice for the hinge application, which are two thin glue beads applied to the sides of the book block adjacent to the spine. These adhesive beads allow the book to open with the cover and help to protect the spine glue from stresses. Hinge glues have low if any wax, and are pressure sensitive. When used for the spine application, rubber-based adhesives require a water-based emulsion primer due to their short open time and thus low penetration of paper substrates. 

As mentioned at the outset, hot melt adhesive s primary advantage is process speed. Fleat resistance and substrate penetration are typically inferior to liquid adhesives (neat reactive systems, solvent, or water-based). Current research and development is therefore focused on maximizing the process advantages of hot melts and minimizing their performance deficiencies. Optimizing hot melt... 

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