Water based emulsion

Use as Solvent. Toluene is more important as a solvent than either benzene or xylene. Solvent use accounts for ca 14% of the total U.S. toluene demand for chemicals. About two-thirds of the solvent use is in paints and coatings the remainder is in adhesives, inks, pharmaceuticals, and other formulated products utilizing a solvent carrier. Use of toluene as solvent in surface coatings has been declining, primarily because of various environmental and health regulations. It is being replaced by other solvents, such as esters and ketones, and by changing the product formulation to use either fully soHd systems or water-based emulsion systems. 

Rubber-based adhesives provide softness and good low temperature flexibility (see Table 8). These properties make them the primary choice for the hinge application, which are two thin glue beads applied to the sides of the book block adjacent to the spine. These adhesive beads allow the book to open with the cover and help to protect the spine glue from stresses. Hinge glues have low if any wax, and are pressure sensitive. When used for the spine application, rubber-based adhesives require a water-based emulsion primer due to their short open time and thus low penetration of paper substrates. 

Sample Ethyl Acrylate Water Based Emulsion... 

SANDS Low pressure. Water or mud blocking. Loss of crude or diesel oil used as completion fluid. Minimum filtration rate water-base muds. Minimum filtration rate water-base emulsions. Miminum filtration rate oU-base emulsions. Oil-base muds. Inhibited muds. Minimum weight muds. Crude oil or diesel oil. Add oil-soluble lost circulation material. 

For the remedial treatment of fungal decay and insect attack on timber in buildings, clear solvent-type preservatives applied by spraying all available surfaces are generally used, supplemented with wood preservative pastes to obtain deep penetration. Water-based emulsions are also used for woodworm control. There has been a general move towards the use of those... 

Insulants for pipework and curved pressure vessels can be obtained ready shaped, so that they fit tightly to the surface. All surfaces should be quite dry before the material is applied, even if the adhesive is a water-based emulsion, and the water or other solvent must be given ample time to dry or set before any outer wrapping is applied. 

Amending Directive 2001/5/EC contains several new authorisations including the addition of E 949 hydrogen to annex I, and E 943a butane, E 943b iso-butane and E 944 propane to annex IV for use as vegetable oil pan sprays (professional use only) and as water-based emulsion sprays, quantum satis. E 650 zinc acetate is also added to annex IV for use in chewing gum, max. 1000 mg/kg. 

The Mechanical Properties of Water-Based Emulsion Polymers Effect of Reaction Conditions... 

The homopolymer of vinyl acetate is not used as an engineering polymer but for adhesives and water-based emulsion paints (vinyl acetate is used as a minor comonomer for the copolymerization of PVC/VAC). 

Lower molecular weight used in chewing gum, intermediate in production of poly(vinyl alcohol) water-based emulsion paints... 

Although CN played an important role in the development of technology, its importance today is greatly diminished. It is still used as a protective and decorative lacquer coating, in gravure inks, in water-based emulsions as coatings, and to a lesser extent in plastics and films. 

In the first stage, the elastomeric component, typically a poly-(alkyl acrylate) rubber, is produced. This reaction can be carried out either in a water-based emulsion or in a solution polymerization process. 

The dried film was very wearable and comfortable even after showing and exercising. Due to the nature of film formation on moist tissue, the film contained a significant amount of water (>20%) because the copolymer is hydrophilic and slightly crosslinked to absorb water. The formation of a film on a moist surface by the water-based emulsion is not conducive to a perfectly continuous dense film as is demonstrated in Fig. 2.10. The particles can be seen coalescing with each other, but they do not form a perfectly coherent and, therefore, not a continuous film as viewed in (c). 

Both aqueous polymer-based systems (latex), made by emulsion or dispersion polymerization, and oil-modified alkyd resin-based systems are still in wide use [781], Table 12.2 shows the composition of a typical water-based emulsion paint. There is a wide variety of coatings, ranging from broad applicability to highly specialized, including latexes, amino resins, isocyanates, epoxy resins, acrylic resins, polyester... 

Table 12.2 Composition of a typical water-based emulsion paint (from [780]).

Water is sometimes used as a solvent for water-soluble resins. Certain epoxy adhesives are available as water-based emulsion or latex formulations. In the early 1970s, during the time of the petroleum crisis, water-based adhesives were thought of as a possible replacement for solvent-based adhesives systems. However, water-based adhesives never met the lofty expectations primarily because of the time and energy required to remove water from the bond line, the corrosion that the water causes in drying ovens, and the poor moisture resistance of cured water-based adhesives. 

MYKON SEW can be readily made into a water based emulsion under atmospheric conditions. It does not require the use of a hot melt tank. The emulsified product provides excellent sewability and tear strength improvement to cellulosic fabrics. 

The ever increasing emphasis on reducing air pollution and on health considerations emphasized by OSHA has provided a strong impetus for adhesive manufacturers to develop water-based emulsion polymer systems to replace the organic solvent-based systems on which the industry was founded. This has been a difficult process. 

The most common polymer of a vinyl ester is poly(vinyl acetate), CAS 9003-20-7, with the formula [-CH2CH(OC(0)CH3)-]n. Other vinyl esters also are known, such as poly(vinyl butyrate), poly(vinyl benzoate) CAS 24991-32-0, and poly(vinyltrifluoroacetate), CAS 25748-85-0. Poly(vinyl acetate) is typically obtained from the monomer with radical initiators, either by emulsion or suspension polymerization. The polymer Is used in water-based emulsion paints, adhesives [22], gum base for chewing gum, etc. Also, poly(vinyl acetate) is used as a precursor for the preparation of other polymers such as poly(vinyl alcohol) or poly(vinyl acetals). Thermal decomposition of poly(vinyl acetate) starts at a relatively low temperature, around 200° C, some of the reports regarding its thermal decomposition being given in Table 6.5.8 [13]. The same table includes references for poly(vinyl butyrate) and poly(vinyl cinnamate), CAS 9050-06-0. 

Work carried out by Dove and Schroeder (1955) compared the use of oil- or water-based emulsion of 0.2% pyreihrins synergized by 2% PBO. The latter w ere found to be excellent since the emulsions broke on the surface, leaving an insecticidal deposit of equivalent performance to powder formulations, whereas... 

Tegt Foamex. [Tego] Siloxane copolymers defoamer fix water-based emulsion paints, aq. systems, printing inks. 

PVO44-0. (Pacific Andior] Water-based emulsion of conjugated oil. 

This PVA latex leaves a dried film which is flexible without the addition of a plasticizer. The film has excellent water resistance, light stability, good aging characteristics and good film consolidation. This particular PVA latex may be used as a film forming binder in a water-based emulsion paint. Its particular characteristics of compatibility with cement have led to wide uses of this latex as an adhesive and an admixture for cementitious mortars and concrete. 

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