White catfish

Neurophysiology. The neurophysiological gap is even greater than the chemical gap. Virtually the only study is by Tucker Suzuki (1972). They recorded the response of the white catfish (Ictalurus catus) olfactory system to crude extract of conspecific skin. It is hardly surprising that they got a strong olfactory response to skin... 

Air-breathing catfish, Saccobranchus fossilis 56, 100, or 320 pg/L for 28 days Dose-dependent decrease in red and white blood cell numbers, hemoglobin, and hematocrit histopathology in gill, skin, spleen, and kidney 146... 

Toxaphene elimination rates vary between species. In rats, the half-time persistence of toxaphene (time to 50% excretion = Tb 1/2) was 1 to 3 days (USEPA 1980a). If the trend persisted, virtually all toxaphene would be eliminated in five half-lives. Elevated blood toxaphene levels in a human subject who had eaten catfish fillets containing 52 mg of toxaphene/kg dropped 67% in 11 days. By 14 days after the initial measurement, toxaphene blood levels were below analytical detection limits (USEPA 1980a). Persistence seems to be longer in some fishes. Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) given a single intraperitoneal injection of 7 mg toxaphene/kg BW had a Tb 1/2 of 322 days for white suckers (Catostomus commersoni), this value was 524 days (Delorme et al. 1993). 

Edmonds, J.S. and K.A. Francesconi. 1987. Trimethylarsine oxide in estuary catfish (Cnidoglanis macroceph-alus) and school whiting (Sillago bassensis) after oral administration of sodium arsenate and as a natural component of estuary catfish. Sci. Total Environ. 64 317-323. 

LC50 (96-h) for Pteronarcella badia 610 pg/L, Atlantic salmon 134 pg/L, bluegill sunfish 460 pg/L, brown trout 138 pg/L, brook trout >800 pg/L, channel catfish 440 pg/L, lake trout 480 pg/L, longnose sucker 330 pg/L, rainbow trout 135 pg/L, white sucker 435 pg/L, yellow perch 240 pg/L (Johnson and Finley, 1980). 

LOECs (pg/g wet weight) for fathead minnows 435, channel catfish 855, lake herring 270, medaka 949, white sucker 1,220, northern pike 1,800, and zebra fish 2,000 (Elonen et al, 1997). 

American eel, Anguilla rostrata, muscle Mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus, whole Catfish, Ictalurus sp., muscle White perch. Morons americana, muscle vs. whole body... 

A method similar to K value is the Kj value index that is used for freshness evaluation of fish that accumulate more inosine than hypoxanthine during spoilage (24). The K value is illustrated in Figure 3 (18,19,20,24). K is used with salmon, halibut, yellowtail, and numerous other tropical fish, while K value is reliable for catfish, white flounder, ocean perch, English sole, and various other species (24). The Kj value can be utilized for species specified for K value but not vice versa due to sensitivity of Kj value to the build up of hypoxanthine and not the total sum of degradation products as needed with K value (24). 

Overstreet, R.M., Curran, S.S., Pote, L.M., King, D.T., Blend, C.K. and Crater, W.D. (2002) Bolbophorus damnificus n. sp. (Digenea Bolbophoridae) from the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus and American white pelican Pelecanus erythrorhynchos in the USA based on life-cycle and molecular data. Systematic Parasitology 52, 81-96. 

Residues in the meat of fish taken along the White River were all negligibly low from the standpoint of acceptable food residues, as indicated by aldrin and dieldrin tolerances in effect at the time. The residue in the two catfish taken at Jacks Bay, which were 0.21 p.p.m. aldrin plus dieldrin, are unexplained at present. The values represent one sample since the fish were combined for analysis. These data suggest that a trend toward lower residues from mid-season to harvest may exist. However, a more comprehensive, season-long study of fish residues in this area would be required to prove this. 

Carbary I (1-naphthyl methylcarbamate) is a chemical in the carbamate family used chiefly as an insecticide. It is a colorless white crystalline solid. Carbaryl disrupts the nervous system by adding a carbamyl moiety to the active site of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, which prevents it from interacting with acetylcholine.1 It is classified as a likely human carcinogen by the EPA. The pesticide is used indiscriminately, so the toxicity has raised public concern about the ecosystem and human health. Carbaryl is lethal to many non-target insects such as the honeybee. Accumulation of the pesticide occurs in many aquatic organisms such as catfish and algae.2 Due to public health and ecosystem concerns a number of analytical procedures have been used to determine carbaryl concentrations. 

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