Bluegill sunfish

Experimentally measured bioconcentration factors (BCFs), which provide an indication of the tendency of a chemical to partition to the fatty tissue of organisms, have been found to range between 10 and 100 for trichloroethylene in fish (Kawasaki 1980 Kenaga 1980 Neely et al. 1974 Veith et al. 1980). Barrows et al. (1980) estimated a value of 17 for bluegill sunfish. Somewhat lower BCFs were determined by Saisho et al. (1994) for blue mussel (4.52) and killifish (2.71). These numbers are suggestive of a low tendency to bioaccumulate. 

Barrows ME, Petrocelli SR, Macek KJ, et al. 1980. Bioconcentration and elimination of selected water pollutants by bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochirus). In Haque R, ed. Dynamics, exposure and hazard assessment of toxic chemicals. Ann Arbor, MI Ann Arbor Science, 379-392. 

Barrows et al. (1978) measured a steady- state bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 48 in bluegill sunfish. Based on the relative proportion of fat in sunfish and other organisms, EPA (1980a) estimated a average BCF of about 30 for the edible portions of freshwater and marine species. 

Spacie, A., Landrum, R.F., Leversee, G.J. (1983) Uptake, depuration and biotransformation of anthracene and benzo-o-pyrene in bluegill sunfish. Ecotox. Environ. Saf. 7, 330-341. 

Babich and Borenfreund135 compared in vitro cytotoxicities of inorganic lead and tri- and dialkyllead compounds in fish cells (bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochiru). 

Dutta, H.M., N. Qadri, J. Ojha, N.K. Singh, S. Adhikari, J.S.D. Munshi, and P.K. Ray. 1997. Effect of diazinon on macrophages of bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus a cytochemical evaluation. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 58 135-141. 

Dutta, H.M., C.R. Richmonds, and T. Zeno. 1993. Effects of diazinon on the gills of the bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochirus. Jour. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol. 12 219-227. 

Tanner, D.K. and M.F. Moffett. 1995. Effects of diflubenzuron on the reproductive success of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 14 1345-1355. 

Samis, A.J.W., P.W. Colgan, and P.H. Johansen. 1991. A comparison of the effects of subchronic and acute spill-mimicking pentachlorophenol exposures on growth of bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochirus). Aquat. Toxicol. 19 231-240. 

McCloskey, J.T. and J.T. Oris. 1991. Effect of water temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration on the photo-induced toxicity of anthracene to juvenile bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). Aquat. Toxicol. 21 145-156. 

Early studies focused on how adsorption to sediments affected the toxicity of SPs to aquatic organisms, through modifying exposure. It was shown for example that when permethrin and cypermethrin were adsorbed to sediments, the apparent toxicities to the water flea (D. magna), the mayfly nymph (Cloeon dipterum), and bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) were significantly reduced [5]. 

Ohshima M, Yoshida S, Saito S, Mikami N, Matsuo M (1992) Taurine conjugation of the ester metabolite of prallethrin in bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus. J Pestic Sci... 

Liber et al. [17] determined NP from bluegill sunfish exposed in littoral enclosures after blending and extracting with hexane, Florisil clean-up, eluting with 5% acetone in hexane and detection with GC-FID. 

Fish and Ecosystem Studies. When bluegill sunfish are exposed to a constant level of methoprene in a dynamic flowthrough system, they accumulate radiocarbon until a plateau is reached after 7-14 days (33). While levels of methoprene in fish were about lOOOx that in water at the plateau, treated bluegill placed into uncontaminated water showed a 93-95% radiocarbon reduction in 14-21 days. Analysis of fish tissues at plateau levels revealed that 90% of the radiocarbon was unmetabolized parent, 1% was the hydroxy ester, while the remainder was polar conjugates. 

Jimenez, B.D. Cirmo, C.P. McCarthy, J. F. 1987, Effects of feeding and temperature on uptake, elimination and metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene in the bluegill sunfish ILepomis macrochims). Aquat. Toxicol. 10 41-57. 

Chloroform does not appear to bioconcentrate in higher aquatic organisms, based upon measured bioconcentration factors (BCF) of 6 and 8 for bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) (Barrows et al. 1980 Veith et al. 1980). Information from EPA s ASTER (1996) database document a calculated BCF for the fathead miimow of 14, a low value suggesting little potential for bioconcentration in fish. A BCF of 690 experimentally determined for the bioconcentration of chloroform in the green algae Selenastrum capricomutum suggests that the compound has a moderate tendency to concentrate in nonvascular aquatic... 

---