Pike, northern

Young animals may be fed several times daily. Examples include the standard practices of feeding fry channel catfish every three hours and young northern pike as frequently as every few minutes. Keeping carnivorous species such as northern pike satiated helps reduce the incidence of cannibalism. 

Lockhart WL, Uthe JF, Kenney AR, Mehrle PM. 1972. Methylmercury in northern pike Esox lucius). distribution, elimination, and some biochemical characteristics of contaminated fish. J Fish Res Board Can 29 1519-1523. 

First, a brief explanation of the current knowledge regarding the sources and cycling of Hg and its transformation into MeHg is presented. Later, in this chapter, THg and limited data on organomercury levels in aquatic organisms of the Ebro River basin are detailed. The aquatic organisms most commonly studied in the Ebro River basin are zebra mussel, red swamp crayfish, and different fish species, namely European catfish, northern pike, common carp, rudd, roach, barbell, and bleak. 

Northern pike (Esox lucius), an esocidae species, is considered one of the most widely distributed freshwater fish [57]. It is a piscivorous species, consisting its diet on common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and roach Rutilus rutilus). Nevertheless, in the absence of prey fish, invertebrate feeding could be important for this species [58, 59]. 

Northern pike (1.93 pg/g) exhibited a significantly higher mean mercury concentration than common carp (1.23 pg/g). This result indicates a biomagnification of mercury from common carp, a larger secondary consumer, to northern pike, a tertiary consumer. Nevertheless, barbel (1.98 pg/g), also a secondary consumer, showed a mean THg level similar to that of northern pike. Different behavioral habits may explain the high mercury levels found in barbel species. 

Paradis Y, Bertolo A, Magnan P (2008) What do the empty stomachs of northern pike (Esox lucius) reveal Insights from carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15) stable isotopes. Environ Biol Fishes 83 441—448... 

Northern pike, Esox lucius] 34.9-104.4 pg/L MATCb at 45 mg CaC03/L 1 ... 

Northern pike, Esox lucius Water hardness 34 mg CaC03/L, MATC 5... 

Largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides 0.35-0.85 DW, Max. 1.9 DW Canada, Waibigoon River system, Ontario, mercury-contaminated between 1962 and 1969, samples collected 1979-81 Northern pike, Esox lucius, whole 80... 

Stomach contents, 3 species Northern pike, Esox lucius-, muscle 0.01-0.04 FW, Max. 0.11 FW 82... 

Parks, J.W., C. Curry, D. Romani, and D.D. Russell. 1991. Young northern pike, yellow perch and crayfish as bioindicators in a mercury contaminated watercourse. Environ. Monitor. Assess. 16 39-73. 

Rask, M. and T.R. Metsala. 1991. Mercury concentrations in northern pike, Esox lucius L., in small lakes of Evo area, southern Finland. Water Air Soil Pollut. 56 369-378. 

Wren, C.D., W.A. Scheider, D.L. Wales, B.W. Muncaster, and I.M. Gray. 1991. Relation between mercury concentrations in walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and northern pike (Esox lucius) in Ontario lakes and influence of environmental factors. Canad. Jour. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48 132-139. 

Northern pike, Esox lucius muscle Canada... 

Northern pike, Esox lucius-, 1800 vs. 1190 Zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio 2000 vs. 424 Single intraperitoneal injection of 2,3,7,8-TCDD 3-5 pg/kg BW... 

Sweden, 1990 northern pike, Esox ucius whole Acidified lake (pH 5.2-6.3) ... 

Balk, L., J. Meijer, J.W. DePierre, and L.E. Appelgren. 1984. The uptake and distribution of (3H) benzo[a]pyrene in the northern pike (Esox lucius). Examination by whole-body autoradiography and scintillation counting. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 74 430-449. 

Common carp, Cyprinus carplo, bone vs. other tissues Northern pike, Esox luclus 5 FW vs. <5 FW 34... 

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