INDEX values

Absolute index values on squalane for reference compounds 653 590 627 652 699 ... 

EinaHy, the penalties are factored into the original material factor to result in a fire and explosion index value. The higher this value, the higher the degree of hazard. 

The next step is to apply a number of loss control credit factors such as process control (emergency power, cooling, explosion control, emergency shutdown, computer control, inert gas, operating procedures, reactive chemical reviews), material isolation (remote control valves, blowdown, drainage, interlocks) and fire protection (leak detection, buried tanks, fire water supply, sprinkler systems, water curtains, foam, cable protection). The credit factors are combined and appHed to the fire and explosion index value to result in a net index. 

The color of TSR L is measured with a Lovibond Comparator using methods outlined in the relevant International Standard (16). Raw mbber is molded into a disk 1.6 mm thick, and the color is compared and matched with that of standard glass disks. These glass disks provide a color index scale in which the higher index values correspond to darker colors. Generally the specification for TSR L is a maximum Lovibond individual value of 6 and range... 

There is a unique d value which produces a fine stream having a specific 95% passing size from a feed stream. The feed size distribution should analyze at least 50% less than the 95% passing size of the product (5). However, the necessary d value varies with the sharpness index value. In general, the required d decreases, as the sharpness index decreases (eq. 2) ... 

The CE Plant Cost Index (7) is also pubHshed monthly in the Chemical Engineering]omaci A. Index values are given for various categories of equipment, installation, labor, building, and supervision, as well as a composite plant cost index. The composite index for complete plant costs, tabulated in Table 1, is frequentiy used for the translation of purchased equipment costs, even though the equipment component of the index would be better. 

NR = No index values reported at concentration levels below those specified by "alert level" criteria (Table 5-1). Annual primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard. 

Index value at present time V Index value in year n... 

List of the factors considered for each error and the relative weight of each factor assigned, and Final index values and the calculated HEP for each error considered. 

A single-number index value representation A point estimate of fatalities/10 exposure hours... 

I, = index value for earlier year represented by L ECg = equipment estimated cost for year represented by 2. 

Silane radical atom transfer (SRAA) was demonstrated as an efficient, metal-free method to generate polystyrene of controllable molecular weight and low polydispersity index values. (TMSlsSi radicals were generated in situ by reaction of (TMSlsSiH with thermally generated f-BuO radicals as depicted in Scheme 14. (TMSlsSi radicals in the presence of polystyrene bromide (PS -Br), effectively abstract the bromine from the chain terminus and generate macroradicals that undergo coupling reactions (Reaction 70). 

The x -test discussed in the preceding needs a graphical counterpart for a fast, visual check of data. A useful method exists for normally distributed data that could also be adapted to other distributions. The idea is to first order the observations and then to assign each one an index value /n, 2/n,... 

Table 10 Glass transition temperatures and limiting oxygen index values for selected aryloxyphosphazenes copolymers [284,584,585] ...

Aryloxyphosphazene copolymers can also confer fireproof properties to flammable materials when blended. Dieck [591] have used the copolymers III, and IV containing small amounts of reactive unsaturated groups to prepare blends with compatible organic polymers crosslinkable by the same mechanism which crosslinks the polyphosphazene, e.g. ethylene-propylene and butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, poly(vinyl chloride), unsaturated urethane rubber. These blends were used to prepare foams exhibiting excellent fire retardance and producing low smoke levels or no smoke when heated in an open flame. Oxygen index values of 27-56 were obtained. 

Flexible foams with oxygen index values of 40-53 were also prepared by the same authors from blends of copolymer IV and a silicone elastomer, (a phenyl vinyl polydimethylsiloxane) [592]. 

There is an anomaly in the higher index value for dichloromethane compared with chloroform although dichloromethane is noted for being the less toxicity halogenous solvent. But this figure only reflects the extreme volatility of this substance since its LC50 is lower than the one for chloroform. There is probably a similar problem for acetonitrile, which is underestimated by this approach. 

Dispersion forces, the so-called London forces 5, are the highest when solute and solvent electrons are polarized. These forces are high when the refractive index values are high. Solvents with high refractive indexes will dissolve solutes with high refractive indexes. 

The retention index value is tenperature dependent and when eui index value is required at another tenperature it can be obtained by Interpolation using an Antoine-type hyperbolic ] function... 

The HcReynolds abroach, which was based on earlier theoretical considerations proposed by Rohrschneider, is formulated on the assumption that intermolecular forces are additive and their Individual contributions to retention can be evaluated from differences between the retention index values for a series of test solutes measured on the liquid phase to be characterized and squalane at a fixed temperature of 120 C. The test solutes. Table 2.12, were selected to express dominant Intermolecular interactions. HcReynolds suggested that ten solutes were needed for this purpose. This included the original five test solutes proposed by Rohrschneider or higher molecular weight homologs of those test solutes to improve the accuracy of the retention index measurements. The number of test solutes required to adequately characterize the solvent properties of a stationary phase has remained controversial but in conventional practice the first five solutes in Table 2.12, identified by symbols x through s have been the most widely used [6). It was further assumed that for each type of intermolecular interaction, the interaction energy is proportional to a value a, b, c, d, or e, etc., characteristic of each test solute and proportional to its susceptibility for a particular interaction, and to a value x, X, Z, U, s, etc., characteristic of the capacity of the liquid phase... 

---