Technical Inspection Service

Germany Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (Bundesanstalt fiir Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin) Regional Offices for Industrial Safety (Landesdmter fur Arbeitsschutz) Institutions for statutory accident insurance and prevention for trade and industry (Berufsgenossen-schaften) Committee for Hazardous Substances (Ausschuss fur Gefahrstoffe) Trade Supervisory Offices (Gewerbeaufsichtsdmter) Technical Inspection Services (Technische Aufsichtsdienste)... 

Powers of the Technical Inspection Service. The institutions for statutory accident insurance and prevention and their Technical Inspection Service are also responsible for the surveillance of the Hazardous Substances Regulation and its Technical Rules. Both surveillance authorities also offer special support for small and m um sized enterprises with respect to training and measurement techniques. 

Monitoring Gewerbeaufsicht) Compliance with statutory provisions through the safety and health services Monitoring (BG) Compliance with accident prevention regulations through the technical inspection service... 

For the execution of their tasks, inspectors have the same powers as the local police. They may issue orders and make use of compulsory measures/sanctions under the relevant State laws. Normally this covers a remedy of the situation at the expense of the employer or the establishment and/or the fixing of fines. Additionally, they can order the suspension/cessation of production or initiate ongoing penalties. The institutions for statutory accident insurance and prevention and their Technical Inspection Service are also responsible for the surveillance of the Hazardous Substances Regulation and its Technical Rules. As well as this, the BG may also require higher mandatory contributions from the employer. Both surveillance authorities offer special support for small and medium sized enterprises with respect to training and measurement techniques. 

Six non-contamination-measurements of the mufflers were performed under the supervision of the Technical Inspection Service at two representative mufflers. Approval for disassembly of all 6 units and their unconditional release for scrapping was given on July 19,... 

Due to the low-level contamination of the former controlled area the change to a supervised area was achieved with a relatively small amount of measurements. The total number of contamination measurements was 2316. Only 87 measurements showed values higher than 0.5 Bq/cm. All measurements were taken in the presence of members of the Technical Inspection Service. 

A new approach of partnership between client and inspection service organisations has been established primarily for the North Sea but increasingly finding application elsewhere Benefits accrue to all parties and the technical and commercial lessons learnt in the process have relevance to a wide range of other industries. 

Connolly, G. 1993a. Technical Bulletin for the Sodium Fluoroacetate (Compound 1080) Livestock Protection Collar. U.S. Dept. Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Denver Wildl. Res. Cent., Denver, CO. 37 pp. 

Technical Report, Performing the Calf Antibiotic and Sulfa Test. United States Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Washington. DC (1984). 

Koli, S., Drury, C. G., Cuneo, J. and Lofgren, J. (1993), Ergonomic Audit for fisital Inspection of Aircraft, in Human Factors in Aviation Maintenance—Phase Four, Progress Report, DOT/FAA/ AM-93/XX, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. 

During 1943 and 1944, the activities of the Chemical Warfare Service in the field of antigas training were aimed at helping the ACofS G-3 in his effort to develop a better state of preparedness for chemical warfare on the part of ground units still training in the zone of interior. An important means to this end was the procedure set up on September 1943 which provided for the technical inspection of troops and installations by representatives of technical services in order to determine the suitability of equipment and technical training. ... 

The most effective specification is that which accomplishes the desired result with the fewest requirements. Properties and performance should be emphasized rather than how the objectives ate to be achieved. Excessive demonstration of emdition on the part of the writer or failure to recognize the usually considerable processing expertise held by the vendor results in a lengthy and overly detailed document that generally is counterproductive. Redundancy may lead to technical inconsistency. A requirement that cannot be assessed by a prescribed test method or quantitative inspection technique never should be included in the specifications. Wherever possible, tests should be easy to perform and highly correctable with service performance. Tests that indicate service life are especially useful. Standard test references, eg, ASTM methods, ate the most desirable, and those that ate needed should be selected carefully and the numbers of such references should be minimized. To eliminate unnecessary review activity by the would-be complier, the description of a standard test should not be paraphrased or condensed unless the original test is referenced. 

ISO 9000. The ISO 9000 series of standards was first issued in 1987 and then updated in 1994. The ISO 9000 standard describes the selection criteria for the four standards, ISO 9001—9004. ISO 9001 is composed of 20 items covering manufactured products from design and development in R D to commercial production and after-sale service or technical support. ISO 9002 has 19 of the items in 9001 describing the requirements of a quahty system for the manufacture of an item, such as chemicals, to a specification only the requirement relating to product development is omitted. Chemical companies seldom certify to ISO 9003, which describes the quahty system for a laboratory involved in final inspection and test. Finally, ISO 9004 presents guidelines for total quahty management. 

Hladky, K. and John, D.G., Corrosion Monitoring Using Electrochemical Noise , 2nd. Int. Conf. on Corrosion Monitoring and Inspection in the Oil, Petrochem. and Process Industries, London, Oyez Scientific and Technical Services Ltd., London (1984)... 

ITo ensure the reliability of explosion protection devices, regular servicing and maintenance are required. The nature and time intervals of these activities depend on technical specifications and on the plant situation. Normally, after commissioning of the plant, inspections are carried out in comparatively short intervals, e.g., every month. Positive experience may subsequently provide for longer service intervals (every three months). It is recommended to contract service and maintenance to reliable, specialized companies. 

The importance of the qualification process of technical systems in the pharmaceutical industry has been steadily increasing over the last 10 years. It has been driven primarily by the requirements of regulatory bodies and not by the need to save money in this part of the industry. If the industry made use of the full scope of the GMP requirements, the qualification process would be more efficient and the cost of qualification would drop. On the other hand, pharmaceutical companies want to protect themselves from a less than perfect result during a regulatory inspection and therefore demand 120% effort from their suppliers and service companies. New methods and tools must be implemented to reach the goal of qualifying a technical system while minimizing effort. 

Based on technical report 32, PDA has established a third party inspection program in the field of software suppliers. It works like the one described for IPEC s BPE GMP audits. By March 2002, 117 auditors had been certified, and the audit repository center, as the service provider licensed by PDA, lists 22 audit reports [33]. 

The technical paper described the interlock testing program to consist of more than merely verifying that the interlock works. There is also inspection of the interlock equipment for deterioration. The function test on instrumentation is required following mechanical work on one or more of the safety system elements. In short, all devices or systems that have been disturbed enough to affect their normal function will be function tested prior to being restored to service. [26]... 

But, all of these obvious technical pipeline considerations are sometimes overh>oked, and many of the most infamous incidents have involved poor practices in piping design, in operations, or in piping maintenance systems. The American Insurance Association states Piping hazards are often underrated as compared to pressure vessels although the history of failures does not warrant this... . Piping systems should be located in. serviceable areas. They should be constructed in accordance with appropriate code requirements and inspected by appropriate means.. .. [20]... 

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