Surfactants household cleaner formulation

SURFACTANT EVOLUTION IN HOUSEHOLD CLEANER FORMULATION 2.4.1 The Original All-Purpose Surlactant... 

In pine cleaners, the pine oil component can be in the 15 to 30% range, and in glass cleaners, the solvent far exceeds the amount of surfactant in the formulation. However, even in these types, water is still the predominant ingredient, as it is in the rest of the household cleaners. 

It can be seen from the structure of the glycol ethers (Figure 13.4) that if the alkyl chain is extended sufficiently then it begins to approximate the structure of simple nonionic surfactants, those of the ethoxylated alcohol family. This has led some chemical producers in recent times to introduce compounds meant to be hybrid chemicals with the properties of both solvent and surfactant. They are not at present used to any great extent in household cleaners, but remain a possibility for future formulations. 

Newer toilet bowl cleaner formulations are moving to the newer classes of surfactants with the rest of household cleaning [372], More nonionic surfactants than anionic surfactants are used. These acid formulas are generally self-thickening,... 

The high viscosity of certain micro emulsions is used for the adhesion of cleaner concentrates on vertical surfaces while on dilution mobile microemulsions are formed [96]. The need for this type of behaviour is especially evident when it comes to household cleaners like toilet bowl cleaners where the formulation needs to be acidic to cope with the special dirt met there, e.g. soap scum. An example of microemulsions with high viscosity for this purpose can be found in [97] which discloses acidic thickened sprayable microemulsion composition based on a balanced mixture of anionic and non-ionic surfactants,... 

Alkylbenzene sulfonates are the main surfactants used in household cleaners, detergents and sanitary formulations, as well as in industrial and institutional cleaners. They are used in the production of fabrics. They are also used as emulsifiers, in many technical processes as wetting agents and dispersants, e.g. in polymerisation processes and in the formulation of plant protection products. 

While alcohol sulfates, like sodium lauryl sulfate, are seldom used in household cleaning formulations, ethoxylated alcohol sulfates or alcohol ether sulfates are used more often. The ethoxyl-ated alcohol sulfates like sodium alkyl ethoxylated sulfate have become extensively used in many types of cleaners, often in mixtures with LAS for heavy-duty cleaners, or as the main surfactants themselves in the lighter-duty spray cleaners. They are generally somewhat milder than LAS and paraffin sulfonates, and higher foaming but somewhat less effective at grease removal. 

Highly concentrated surfactant base used in the formulation of industrial and household cleaners. Requires no additional builders. 

Economical high foaming surfactants used in the formulation of mild shampoos, cosmetics, and household cleaners. Also used in the emulsion polymerization of PVC and styrene/ butadiene resins. 

In formulations such as household cleaners or cosmetic and toiletry products, it is common for surfactants to be present in order to provide the required detergency effect. Consequently, the water phase has an assembly of micelles in addition to those which form from the groups in the polymer. In practise, the hydrophobes in the polymer become incorporated in the surfactant micelles originating from the components of the formulation which results in association or interactions greater than that which would arise from the polymer surfactant groups alone. 

Primarily owing to cost or even tradition, other surfactants, snch as ethoxy-lated amines, amides, and amphoterics, have not been used generally in laundry detergents. However, these specialty surfactants have been included in a number of other household cleaners, industrial formulations, and personal-care products. 

Uses Surfactant for household cleaners, textile wet processing, paper processing, mefal cleaning, detergent formulation, metalworking fluids and lubricants Features Alternative to nonylphenol efooxylates... 

Uses Surfactant for degreasing formulations for pre-treatment of metals, automotive parts, car washing shampoos, household laundry detergents, silver cleaners Features Moderate foaming power reduces surface tension does not precipitate in the presence of ions in hard water maintains chemical, physical stability in alkaline or acid environments compat. with non-ionic, anionic, cationic surfactants... 

Uses Surfactant for household and industrial cleaner formulations Properties Liq. 99% cone. 

Betaines are insensitive to water hardness, almost nontoxic, mild to the skin and have antimicrobial properties. They are therefore used in cosmetic formulations and in household cleaners. They are compatible with other surfactants and have good washing and foaming performance. 

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