Stomach Lymphoma

Inaeased risk of various cancers (e.g., lymphatics, blood, stomach, prostate, testes, brain, and soft tissues) was reported upon exposure to pesticides (Zahm and Blair 1993 Hayes et al. 1995 Zahm et al. 1997). Children s cancer, including brain tumors, leukemia, non-Hodgkin s lymphoma, sarcoma, and Wilms tumor due to direct or parental exposure to pesticides also has been determined (Fear et al. 1998 Kristensen et al. 1996 Pogoda and Preston-Martin 1997 Sharpe et al. 1995 Buckley et al. 1994). Often, the risk of cancer due to exposure to pesticides has been higher in children than in adults (Zahm and Ward 1998). Moreover, birth defects, including limb-reduction defects, have been linked to exposures to pesticides (Restrepo et al. 1990 Schwartz and LoGerfo 1998 Lin et al. 1994), as has a higher-than-normal risk of stillborn births (Pastore et al. 1997). 

Two epidemiological studies of workers exposed to ethylene oxide revealed increased rates of leukemia. In one smdy, two cases of leukemia (0.14 expected) and three stomach cancers (0.4 expected) were observed. The other study found three cases of leukemia (0.2 expected). Because these workers had exposures to other potential carcinogens, the findings cannot be linked with certainty to ethylene oxide. The small cohort size, the small number of deaths, and uncertainties about exposure level have also been noted." A number of other studies have not found an increased rate of cancer mortality from ethylene oxide exposure. A mortality study of over 18,000 ethylene oxide workers from 14 plants producing medical supplies and foodstuffs did not find an excess of leukemia or brain, stomach, or pancreatic cancers. There was, however, an increase in non-Hodgkin lymphoma in male workers. A follow-up of 1896 ethylene oxide production workers did not find an increase in mortality from leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or brain, pancreatic, or stomach cancers. ... 

Etoposide is used for germinogenic tumors, ovarian, stomach, and lung cancer, Hodgkin s disease, and non-Hodgkin s lymphoma for both monotherapy and in combination therapy. Synonyms of this drug are vepesid and others. 

Doxorubicin is one of the most effective agents used in the treatment of carcinomas of the breast, ovary, endometrium, bladder, and thyroid and in oat cell cancer of the lung. It is included in several combination regimens for diffuse lymphomas and Hodgkin s disease. Doxorubicin can be used as an alternative to daunorubicin in acute leukemias and is useful in Ewing s sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, soft-tissue sarcomas, and neuroblastoma. Some activity has been reported in non-oat cell lung cancer, multiple myeloma, and adenocarcinomas of the stomach, prostate, and testis. 

Friedman, M., Lee, K. R., Kim, H. J., Lee, 1. S., Kozukue, N. (2005). Anticarcinogenic effects of glycoalkaloids from potatoes against human cervical, liver, lymphoma, and stomach cancer cells. J. Agric. Food Chem., 53, 6162-6169. 

In the Montreal case-control study carried out by Siemiatycki (1991) (see monograph on dichloromethane in this volume), the investigators estimated the associations between 293 workplace substances and several types of cancer. Isocyanates were one of the substances, and it was stated that the most common form in this study was toluene diisocyanates. The main occupations to which isocyanate exposure was attributed in this study were motor vehicle refinishers, motor vehicle mechanics and foundry workers. Only 0.8% of the study subjects had ever been exposed to isocyanates. For most types of cancer examined (oesophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, prostate, bladder, kidney, skin melanoma, lymphoma), there was no indication of an excess risk due to isocyanates. For lung cancer, in the population subgroup of French Canadians (the majority ethnic group in this region), based on 10 cases exposed at any level, the odds ratio was 2.2 (90% CI, 0.9-5.3). [The interpretation of the null results has to take into account the small numbers and presumably low exposure levels. Workers had multiple exposures.]... 

The serious side effects of sirolimus may include an allergic reaction, increased risk of infection and lymphoma. Nephrotoxicity is not a concern when the drug is not used in combination with cyclosporine or tacrolimus. Less serious side effects associated with the administration of sirolimus include stomach upset, increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels, acne, insomnia, tremor, sore or weak muscles,... 

Recent studies have shown that MALT lymphomas are associated with t(l 1 18) (q21 q21) and t(l 14)(q22 q23) (D24, LI 1, L12, R9, Y9, A2, D23,L11, W13). The latter translocation is associated with overexpression of the BCL-10 gene product in the nucleus. Although BCL-10 is expressed in gastric MALT lymphomas without the t(l 14), the presence of the t( 11 18) and expression of BCL-10 is associated with higher stage disease (D23, Lll). Furthermore, MALT lymphomas confined to the stomach (stage IE) with t(ll 18) do not respond to H. pylori eradication (D24, L10, Y7). 

Cancer Breast Colon Esophagus Leukemia, all types Lymphoma, all types Multiple myeloma Ovarian cancer Pancreas Stomach... 

Bladder Cancer Brain Cancer Breast Cancer Cervical Cancer Colon Cancer Head/Neck Cancer Kidney Cancer Leukemia Liver Cancer Lung Cancer Lymphoma Multiple Myeloma Neuroblastoma Ovarian Cancer Pancreatic Cancer Prostate Cancer Sarcoma Skin Cancer Solid Tumors Stomach Cancer Cancer-Related Conditions Other Cancers Unspecified Cancers... 

Clinical uses Leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, sarcomas, germ cell tumors of ovaries or testes, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, Wilms tumor, breast cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, uterine cancer, neuroblastoma. 

Familial adenomatous polyposis Malignant lymphoma Stomach carcinoma Colon adenocarcinoma... 

A study of rats receiving subcutaneous injections of ethyleneimine over 540 days found local (i.e., site of injection) sarcomas in some animals. Studies of mice receiving ethyleneimine by stomach tube for 2-A weeks after birth, and then in the diet for 77-78 weeks found heptatomas and pulmonary tumors in many of the mice, and lymphomas in a small percentage of the mice. Another subcutaneous injection study in mice over 48 weeks of injections found sarcomas at the site of injection, along with some hepatomas, pulmonary tumors, and Harderian gland tumors over the 2 years of total observation. 

Liver, lung, breast, leukemia Multiple myeloma, lymphomas Melanoma Pancreatic, stomach Trophoblastic, germ cell Hepatocellular... 

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