Germ-cell tumors

Cancers Multiple myeloma Non-Hodgkin s lymphoma Hodgkin s disease Acute myeloid leukemia Neuroblastoma Germ cell tumors Acute myeloid leukemia Acute lymphoblastic leukemia Chronic myeloid leukemia Myelodysplastic syndrome Myeloproliferative disorders Non-Hodgkin s lymphoma Hodgkin s disease Chronic lymphocytic leukemia Multiple myeloma... 

Beta subunit Glycoprotein hormone nonseminomatous germ cell tumors Germ cell tumors... 

Klinefelter s Syndrome This condition affects males where there are 3 chromosomes, XXY, instead of XY in the sex chromosome. These males are normally infertile and have some female characteristics. There may be a greater risk in developing germ cell tumors. 

Germ cell tumors Chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein, placental lactogen, placental alkaline phosphatase... 

Ducatman AM, Conwell DE, Crawl J Germ cell tumors of the testicle among aircraft repairman, y Urol 136 834-836, 1986... 

Voorhoeve PM, le Sage C, Schrier M et al. A genetic screen implicates miRNA-372 and miRNA-373 as oncogenes in testicular germ cell tumors. Cell 2006 124 1169-1181. 

Ducatman. A.M., Conwill, D.E. Crawl, J. (1986) Germ cell tumors of the testicle among aircraft repairmen. J. Urol., 136, 834-836... 

The endocrine effects of cisplatin-based chemotherapy were studied in 22 men 9-24 or more months after completion of treatment for germ cell tumors (942). Mean basal FSH and stimulated LH and FSH concentrations were increased but serum testosterone concentrations were similar to untreated controls. Younger patients (under 25 years old) appeared more resistant to these effects of chemotherapy, and the hormonal abnormalities recovered with time. 

Gerl A, Muhlbayer D, Hansmann G, Mraz W, Hiddemann W. The impact of chemotherapy on Leydig cell function in long term survivors of germ cell tumors. Cancer 2001 91(7) 1297-303. 

Dactinomycin is mainly used to treat pediatric tumors such as Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Ewing s sarcoma, but it has activity also against germ cell tumors and gestational trophoblastic disease. Dactinomycin can also induce a "radiation recall reaction." See Table 55 1 for other toxi cities. 

AFP) germ cell tumors (testis) monitoring hepatitis... 

Lymphoblastic leukemia has been described after treatment of a malignant germ cell tumor it was suggested that this was related to the etoposide component of the treatment, and that development of secondary leukemia after etoposide may not be confined to the myeloid cell lineage (82). 

A 21-year-old woman with a mixed germ cell tumor of the left ovary was given intravenous chemotherapy including etoposide 100 mg/m on days 1-5, cisplatin 20 mg/m on days 1-5, and bleomycin 30 units on days 2, 8, and 15, all of which she tolerated very well (91). Three weeks later she received a second cycle, which was comphcated by an episode of dizziness on day 8. The following day she had an episode of transient dysphasia for 10 minutes. Her third course was uneventful until day 7, when she collapsed with a severe right-sided hemiparesis and dysphasia. Left-sided total anterior circulation infarction was confirmed on MRI scan. 

A Danish study group has reported a fertility problem of 53% in patients with unilateral germ cell tumors, but there was no significant difference between orchidectomy and cisplatin-based chemotherapy or subdiaphragmatic irradiation (259). Eight patients remained infertile despite evident recovery of spermatogenesis, and aU 22 children conceived post-treatment were born normal and without malformations. 

Gupta AA, Capra M, Papaioannou V, Hall G, Maze R, Dix D, Weitzman S. Low incidence of ototoxicity with continuous infusion of cisplatin in the treatment of pediatric germ cell tumors. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2006 28(2) 91. ... 

Secondary leukemia following high cumulative doses of etoposide in patients treated for advanced germ cell tumors. J Clin Oncol 1998 16(10) 3386-91. 

Houck W, Einhorn LH. Secondary leukemias in germ cell tumor patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation utilizing high-dose etoposide. Proc ASCO 2003 22 A1566. 

Vinblastine is used in combination with other cytotoxic agents for the treatment of disseminated Hodgkin s disease stages III and IV, non-Hodgkin s lymphoma, histiocytic lymphoma, and advanced carcinoma of the testis. It has also been used for the treatment of bladder cancer, melanoma, and renal cell cancer. The usual adult dosage is 3-6 mg/m intravenously for the treatment of testicular germ cell tumors and Hodgkin s disease (1,2). 

Clinical uses Leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, sarcomas, germ cell tumors of ovaries or testes, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, Wilms tumor, breast cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, uterine cancer, neuroblastoma. 

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