Soils Georgia

The average recoveries for fenoxycarb in soil were 89, 105, and 104% for soil collected in California, Washington, and Georgia, respectively, at fortification levels ranging from 0.01 mg kg" to l.Omgkg" The LOQ and LOD were 0.01 mgkg and 0.2 ng injected, respectively. 

The aluminosilicates examined were chosen as end members of those groups of phyl losil icates that commonly occur in soils muscovite and biotite mica, Fithian and Morris illite, Montana vermicul ite, montmoril Ionites from Upton (Wyoming bentonite), Camp Berteau, Redhill and New Mexico, and kaolinites from St. Austell, England, and Georgia, U.S.A. 

Dr. Brady of the University of Georgia is conducting a study to determine disulfoton s dissipation on peach fruit, on foliage, in soil, in tank mixes, and in building interiors. 

Illinois soil), 5.91 (Illinois and North Dakota sediments), 6.07 (Iowa sediment), 6.23 (Georgia and Missouri sediments), 6.36 (Iowa loess), 6.38 (Illinois sediment), 6.42 (South Dakota sediment), 6.43 (Indiana sediment), 6.43, 6.47 (Illinois sediment), 6.48 (West Virginia soil), 6.49 (Kentucky sediment) (Hassett et al, 1980 Means et al, 1980)... 

A continuous, dynamic, one-dlmenslonal model called the Pesticide Root Zone Model or PRZM, has been developed recently by EPA/ORD In Athens, Georgia (110). PRZM allows for varying hydrologic and chemical properties by soil horizon. Weather data for water flow modeling Is obtained from dally precipitation records of the National Weather Service. It has been successfully validated with atrazlne field data from Watklns-vllle, Georgia and aldlcarb data from Long Island, New York for depths less than 3 meters. 

PRZM was applied to a hypothetical situation of a pesticide In a Georgia agricultural environment. An overall, pseudo-first-order degradation rate coefficient of 0.001 day was used, along with a series of values. A cover crop of peanuts was assumed. The simulation was done for a 900 g/ha application to a class A soil (well drained) and a class D soil (poorly drained). Movement through the root zone was simulated using rainfall records. In the hypothetical 1-ha plot, 800 g and 550 g of the pesticide leached past 60 cm In the class A and D soils, respectively, when a Kj value of 0.06 was used 40 g and 5 g leached past 60 cm In the class A and D soils, respectively, when a Kj value of 1.5 was used. These computational results support the conclusion on Kj values stated at the end of this paper. 

Description of Greenhouse Study - In 1981, six rectangular flats(2 X 3 X 3") of Georgia loamy sand soil were prepared. The soil in each flat was then placed in a large Hobart mixer (80 quart bowl) and the appropriate amount of Diazinon 4E... 

Table III. Diazinon Concentrations in Georgia Greenhouse Soil...

Table IV. Efficacy of Parathion Hydrolase Decontamination of Diazinon 4E Georgia Sandy Loam Soil...

T0333 Geo-Cleanse International, Inc., Geo-Cleanse Process T0334 Geo-Con Inc., Shallow Soil Mixing/Thermally Enhanced Vapor Extraction T0343 Georgia Institute of Technology, Construction Research Center In Situ Plasma Vitrification... 

In 1993, ex situ soil vapor extraction using nondrilled horizontal wells was used at a contaminated site in Douglasville, Georgia. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that the total cost of the remediation project was 2.2 million. Treatment costs were estimated to be 413/yd of soil treated (D20793M, pp. 20, 21). Treatment costs are summarized in Table 1. 

A new phytoremediation technology is being developed for treating heavy-metal-contaminated soils. Researchers at the University of Georgia have modified two bacterial genes, merA and merB, and inserted them into the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of certain plants, enabling them... 

Kaplan, D., Knox, A. Coffey, C. 2002. Reduction of Contaminant Mobility at the TNX Outfall Delta Through the Use of Apatite and Zero-Valent Iron as Soil Amendments. Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Savannah River, Georgia, WSRC-TR-2002-00370. 

Lin, J-E., Mueller, J.G. Pritchard, P. H. (1992). Use of encapsulated microorganisms as inoculants for bioremediation. American Chemical Society s Special Session on Bioremediation of Soils and Sediments, September 21-23 (1992), Atlanta, Georgia. 

Organic extraction using solvents at the general refining Superfund site in Savannah, GA (Cheremisinoff, 1989) Oily sludges, hydrocarbon-contaminated soil, and triethylamine (TEA) Resources Conservation Company, Georgia... 

Only a few surveys have been done to measure toxaphene residues in agricultural soils. Carey et al. [27,28] surveyed cropland in the United States in 1971, collecting 1473 soil samples in 37 states that covered the eastern, southern and mid-western portion of the country and four western states California, Oregon, Washington and Idaho. Results have been summarized by Li et al. [26]. Only 33 of the sites reported toxaphene use and 92 soil samples were positive. The maximum and arithmetic mean of positive samples were 36 330 and 281 ngg-1 dry weight, respectively. Soil surveys have recently been done at farms in Alabama in 1996 and 1999-2000 [29-31], Louisiana and Texas in 1999 [29,30] and Georgia and South Carolina in 1999 [32]. Total toxaphene concentrations in the latter studies ranged from < 3-6500 ngg-1 (Table 2), and residues appeared to be log-normally distributed [29]. 

Haines, E.B., 1976. Stable carbon isotope ratios in the biota, soils and tidal waters of a Georgia salt marsh. Estuar. Coast. Mar. Sci., 9 609-616. 

In recent years, the effect of buffers on the major metabolites of herbicides has begun to receive attention. Gay et al. (2006) monitored atrazine and three major degradation products in groundwater, soil, and runoff water for 11 months after application to a 0.1 ha strip immediately upslope from a restored forested riparian buffer in southern Georgia. Removal efficiency from groundwater (84.2-99.5%), surface runoff water (92-100%), and surface runoff sediment (67.4-92.0%) was significant for all four compounds (ranges in parentheses). 

Rao, P. S. C., and Davison, J. M., eds (1982). Retention and Transformation of Selected Pesticides and Phosphorus in Soil-Water Systems A Critical Review, EPA-600/3-82-060. U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Athens, Georgia. 

Gardner, W.S., and Hanson, R.B. (1979) Dissolved free amino acids in interstitial waters of Georgia salt marsh soils. Estuaries 2, 113-118. 

King, GM. (1983) Sulfate reduction in Georgia salt marsh soils an evaluation of pyrite formation by use of 35 S and 55Fe tracers. Limnol. Oceanogr. 28, 987-995. 

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