Heavy metal contaminated soil

Roane TM, Kellogg ST (1996) Characterization of bacterial communities in heavy metal contaminated soils. Can J Microbiol 42 593-603 Sahunalu P, Dhanmanonda P (1995) Structure and dynamics of dry dipterocarp forest, Sakaerat, northeastern Thailand. In Box EO, Peet RK, Masuzawa E,... 

The MRU technology is not applicable to heavy-metal-contaminated soils nor to radioactive waste contamination. The one exception to heavy-metals remediation is mercury. The vaporization temperature for mercury is well within the operating range of the MRU, and because of closed chamber construction, it is ideally suited for the removal and reclamation of mercury from contaminated soil. 

Direct pyrometallurgical processing of heavy-metals-contaminated soils, sands, and dust is often better suited for materials with higher levels of contamination however, it can be effective for low-level contamination as well. The technology is also well suited to process-concentrated heavy metals that have been generated by on-site screening or soil washing (personal communication, M. Thomas, The Doe Run Company, 10/97). 

A new phytoremediation technology is being developed for treating heavy-metal-contaminated soils. Researchers at the University of Georgia have modified two bacterial genes, merA and merB, and inserted them into the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of certain plants, enabling them... 

Gieger,G.,Federer,P. Sticher, H.(1993). Reclamation of heavy metal-contaminated soils field studies and germination experiments. Journal of Environmental Quality, 22,201—7. 

Otte, M. L. (1991). Contamination of coastal wetlands with heavy metals factors affecting uptake of heavy metals by salt marsh plants. In Ecological Responses to Environmental Stresses, ed. J. Rozema J. A. C. Verkleij, pp. 126-33. London Kluwer Academic. Peters, R. W. Shem, L. (1992). Use of chelating agents for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. In Environmental Remediation, ed. American Chemical Society, pp. 70-84. Washington, D.C. American Chemical Society. 

Roane, T. M. (1994). Microbial community analyses in heavy metal contaminated soil (thesis). Moscow, Idaho University of Idaho. 

Chemical Fixation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils... 

The treatment of heavy metal contaminated soil has become an important issue in the past few years. Nearly one-third of the sites on the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) possess lead concentrations significantly higher than normal background levels.(U The difficulties in treating heavy metal contamination stems from the fact that they cannot be destroyed or biodegraded. 

Currently there is a variety of treatment technologies available for heavy-metal contaminated soils (both bench and pilot scales). P. S. Puglionesi et al. 5) conducted an evaluation of various treatment technologies chosen through extensive literature research and personal contacts. 

P. S. Puglionesi et al. 1987, "Treatment Technologies For Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils" American Defense Preparedness Association s 15th Environmental Symposium Proceedings. April 28-30, 1987. 

Kennedy, S. K., Walker, W and Forslund, B. (2002). Speciation and characterisation of heavy-metal contaminated soils using computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy. Environ. Forensics 3,131-143. 

In recent years, the effects of acid rain on lake water, heavy metals contaminated soils and structural materials have been widely discussed (1). Sulfur and nitrogen contained in fossil fuels are released into the atmosphere by combustion. Sulfur and nitrogen oxides dissolve in rain drops as bisulfite, sulfite and nitrite ions. These components are further oxidized into sulfate and nitrate ions. Since these species lower pH, it is important to accurately determine them in rain water. However, these ions are difficult to analyze because they rapidly oxidize in the presence of catalysts such as ferric and manganous ions. Light, temperature, and pH also affect the oxidation rate of S(IV). 

In China and other countries, the application of C-rich organic materials to heavy metal-contaminated soils is a common practice. However, the potential risk of metal mobilization should not be overlooked when metal dissolution facilitated by DOM released from organic wastes exceeds metal immobilization caused by particular organic matter. Figure 10.8 demonstrates that addition of DOM derived from green manure, pig manure, peat, rice litter, and sewage sludge to a Cu-contaminated soil caused an increase in soil water-soluble Cu contents. Compared to the control (no... 

Lombi, E., Zhao, E.J., Dunham, S.J., and McGrath, S.P. 2001. Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils Natural hyperaccumulation versus chemically enhanced phytoextraction. Journal of Environmental Quality, 30 1919-26. 

Steinmann M. and Stille P. (1997) Rare earth element behavior and Pb, Sr, Nd isotope systematics in a heavy metal contaminated soil. Appl. Geochem. 12, 607-623. 

Obbard JP, Jones KC. Measurement of symbiotic nitrogen-fixation in leguminous host-plants grown in heavy metal-contaminated soils amended with sewage sludge. Environ Pollut 2001 111 (2) 311-20. 

Use of Chelating Agents for Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil... 

Tmovsky, M. Oxer, J.P. Rudy, R.J. Hanchak, M.J. Hartsfield, B. Site Remediation of Heavy Metals Contaminated Soils and Groundwater at a Form Battery Reclamation Site in Florida, In Hazardous Waste, Detection, Control, Treatmeru Abbou, R., Ed. Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V. Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1988 pp 1581-1590. 

Del Val, C., Barea, J. M., and Azcon-Aguilar, C. (1999). Diversity of arbuscular mycor-rhizal fungus populations in heavy-metal-contaminated soils. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65, 718-723. 

Ellis, R. J., Morgan, P., Weightman, A. J., and Fry, J. C. (2003). Cultivation-dependent and-independent approaches for determining bacterial diversity in heavy-metal-contaminated soil. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. (A), 3223-3230. 

Sandaa, R.-A., Torsvik, V., Enger, O., Daae, F. L., Castberg. T.. and Hahn, D. (1999). Analysis of bacterial communities in heavy metal contaminated soils at different levels of resolution. FEMS Microbiol. Elcol. 30, 237-251. 

Petruzzelli, G., Barbafieri, M., Saponaro, B. L. S., Milani, A., and Pedron, F. (2004). Bench scale evaluation of soil washing for heavy metal contaminated soil at a former manufactured gas plant site. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 73, 38-44. 

Polettini, A., Pomi, R., and Valente, M. (2004). Remediation of a heavy metal-contaminated soil by means of agglomeration. J. Environ. Sci. Health A Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. 39(4), 999—1010. 

Reddy, K. R., and Chinthamreddy, S. (1999). Electrokinetic remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils under reducing environments. Waste Manag. 19(4), 269-282. 

Maenpaa, K. A., Kukkonen, J. V. K., and Lydy, M. J. (2002). Remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils using phosphorus evaluation of bioavailabihty using an eaithwoim bioassay. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 43, 389-398. 

Chaney RL Angle JS Agronomy University of Maryland College Park, Maryland Phytoavailability and bioavailability of heavy metals from heavy metal contaminated soil USDA... 

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