Skin tissue

It is observed that the body s resistance diminishes at higher voltages, above 1 kV and currents more than I A, passing through the body, due to a puncture of the skin tissues. For all safety measures and ground design consideration, the average human body resistance is considered universally, as 1000 Q which has yielded satisfactory results. 

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (caustic soda) White deliquescent solid. Sticks, flakes, pellets. Dissolution in water is highly exothermic. Strongly basic. Severe hazard to skin tissue... 

IMPLANT CONTRACEPTIVE SYSTEM. Levonorgestrel, a progestin, is available as an implant contraceptive system (Norplant System). Six capsules, each containing levonorgestrel, are implanted under local anestiiesia in die subdermal (below the skin) tissues of the mid-portion of die upper arm. The capsules provide contraceptive protection for 5 years but may be removed at any time at die request of the patient. See Table 52-3 for more information on ways to promote an optimal response when taking die contraceptive hormones. 

Moreover, it has been noticed that in clinical applications, devices such as catheters, which have to pass through the skin from the outside to the interior of the body. It always exposes the patient to the risk of infection. Because there are dead space between the catheter surface and the surrounding tissue, the bacteria can enter the body along the device surface in direct contact with the skin. Such dead space would not be formed if the material surface were able to bond to the skin tissue at the microscopic level. 

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (caustic soda) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) (caustic potash) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (slaked lime) Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) (aqueous ammonia solution) White deliquescent solid. Sticks, flakes, pellets. Dissolution in water is highly exothermic. Strongly basic. Severe hazard to skin tissue White deliquescent solid. Sticks, flakes, pellets. Dissolution In water is highly exothermic. Strongly basic. Severe hazard to skin tissue White powder soluble in water yielding lime water. Alkaline Weakly alkaline. Emits ammonia gas. Severe eye irritant... 

This model is representative for the conditions described in the previous section, except for the mode of administration which can be oral, rectal or parenteral by means of injection into muscle, fat, under the skin, etc. (Fig. 39.7). In addition to the central plasma compartment, the model involves an absorption compartment to which the drug is rapidly delivered. This may be to the gut in the case of tablets, syrups and suppositories or into adipose, muscle or skin tissues in the case of injections. The transport from the absorption site to the central compartment is assumed to be one-way and governed by the transfer constant (Fig. 39.7a). The linear differential model for this problem can be defined in the following way ... 

As a side aspect, the HPLC-Raman correlation results allow us to calibrate the RRS instruments in terms of carotenoid concentration. According to the regression analysis, the cumulative skin carotenoid content c, measured in pg per g of skin tissue, is linked to the height of the C=C RRS skin carotenoid intensity, I, via c [pg/g]=4.3 x 10 5=/ [photon counts]. Integrating the RRS spectra with the instrument s data acquiring software therefore allows us to display skin carotenoid content directly in concentration units, i.e., in pg carotenoid content per g of tissue. 

Brooks A.L., Afanasyeva N.I., Makhine V., Bruch R.F., McGregor B., FEW-FTIR Spectroscopy Applications and Computer Data Processing for Noninvasive Skin Tissue Diagnostics In Vivo, SPIE, 1999 3596 140-151. 

Corrosive A substance that causes visible destruction or visible changes in human skin tissues at the site of contact. 

The symptoms include pneumonia and fluid around the lungs. The pneumonia may result from inhaling the bacterium during an assault or via bloodstream infection. Any infection with this bacterium may lead to blood infection, which may cause hypotension and shock. The three forms of this disease recognized are acute, subacute, and chronic. The acute form is primarily a bloodstream infection (septicemia). The subacute form mimics tuberculosis, and the chronic form presents an inflammation of skin tissue.3... 

G. Lee and P. Parlicharla. An examination of excised skin tissues used for in vitro membrane permeation studies. Pharm. Res. 3 356-359 (1986). 

Birchall, J. C., et al.. Gene expression in an intact ex-vivo skin tissue model following percutaneous delivery of cationic liposome-plasmid DNA complexes. Int. J. Pharm., 197, 233-38, 2000. 

Vulval skin secretion and blood serum contain an active principle, which attracts the bull and releases smelling, salivating, urinating, licking, flehmen, vocalizations, penis protrusion, and mounting. It is not clear whether the blood transports the active principle to or from the vulval skin tissue (Rivard and Klemm, 1989). 

Ammonia causes intense irritation of eyes, nose and respiratory tract which can lead to tears, respiratory distress, chest pain, and pulmonary edema. A few minutes exposure to 3,000 ppm can cause severe blistering of skin, lung edema, and asphyxia which can lead to death (Patnaik, P. 1992. A Comprehensive Guide to the Hazardous Properties of Chemical Substances, p. 304. New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold). Contact with liquid ammonia can cause serious blistering and destruction of skin tissues. LC50 inhalation (mouse) 4,200 ppm/hr. 

Sensitisation of skin tissue remains for an unacceptable time (4-6 weeks)... 

Ebbesen, P (1977). Effect of age of non-skin tissues on susceptibility of skin grafts to 7.12dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) carcinogenesis in Balb/c mice and effect of skin graft on susceptibility of surrounding redpient skin to DMBA, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 58,1057. 

Barker, J. Lewis, R.A. Deoxyguanosine kinase of neonatal mouse skin tissue. Biochira. Biophys. Acta, 658, 111-123 (1981)... 

The pharmacokinetic characteristics of florfenicol have been described in goats (40), calves (41), and chickens (42). The efficacy of florfenicol in aquaculture has been also demonstrated against bacteria involved in some major fish pathologies, especially in salmon and trout (43, 44). Pharmacokinetic studies in Atlantic salmon indicated that the compound was well absorbed and distributed following oral administration (45). Tissue residue depletion studies after an oral daily administration of 10 mg/kg bw florfenicol in rainbow ftout at 10 C for 10 days showed that muscle/skin tissue contained 150 ppb drug at 15 days after the last dose (46). 

One day after the cessation of treatment, the residues of toltrazuril sulfoxide were found to be 773, 1268, 1030, 3416, and 4411 ppb in muscle, fat, skin, liver, and kidney, respectively. These levels declined thereafter to reach, at 6 days postdosing, 10 ppb in muscle, fat, and skin tissues however, concentrations of 54 and 95 ppb could be still measured in liver and kidney, respectively. Ten days after dosing, the sulfoxide metabolite could only be detected in the liver (16 ppb) and kidney (36 ppb). 

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