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Bloodstream infection

Yet anotlier example of SD is provided by tire leukocytes which are constantly circulating in tire bloodstream but do not nonnally interact witli tissue. Venules of inflamed and infected tissue are dilated, however, which changes tire hydrodynamic regimen and allows some leukocytes to come into contact witli tire venule wall (endotlielium)... [Pg.2836]

Impla.nta.ble Ports. The safest method of accessing the vascular system is by means of a vascular access device (VAD) or port. Older VAD designs protmded through the skin. The totally implanted ports are designed for convenience, near absence of infection, and ease of implantation. Ports allow dmgs and fluids to be deUvered directiy into the bloodstream without repeated insertion of needles into a vein. The primary recipients of totally implanted ports are patients receiving chemotherapy, bolus infusions of vesicants, parenteral nutrition, antibiotics, analgesics, and acquired immune disease syndrome (AIDS) medications. [Pg.184]

A combination of sahcylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) and glycerol, although capable of destroying bloodstream trypanosomiasis, is less effective against infections involving the central nervous system. [Pg.277]

Obviously, if you wish to treat a skin condition or infection, a preparation that can be applied topically would be the preferred option. Similarly, inhalation would be the first choice if trying to treat a pulmonary or bronchial condition, such as asthma. Dermal application would also be the first choice for localized tissue treatments (e.g. muscle injury), provided that the drug can be absorbed through the skin. However, in most other situations it is necessary for drugs to enter the bloodstream in order for them to be transported to their site of action. This is most commonly achieved by ingestion, or by intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) injection when the oral route is not suitable. [Pg.52]

Microorganisms that escape phagocytosis in a local lesion may now be transported to the regional lymph nodes via the lymphatic vessels. If massive invasion occurs with which the resident macrophages are unable to cope, microorganisms may be transported through the thoracic duct into the bloodstream. The appearance of viable microorganisms in the bloodstream is termed bacteraemia and is indicative of an invasive infection and failure of the primary defences. [Pg.282]

Shigella strains invade intestinal epithelial cells with subsequent multiplication, inflammation, and destruction.8 The organism infects the superficial layer of the gut, rarely penetrates beyond the mucosa, and seldom invades the bloodstream. However, bacteremia can occur in malnourished children and I immunocompromised patients. [Pg.1118]

Malaria is transmitted by the bites of the Anopheles mosquitoes which introduce into the bloodstream one of four species of sporozoites of the plasmodia (Plasmodium falciparum, P. ovale, P. vivax or P. malariae). Initial symptoms of malaria are nonspecific and may resemble influenza and include chills, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, rigors, and nausea. The onset of the symptoms is between 1 to 3 weeks following exposure. Fever may appear 2 to 3 days after initial symptoms and may follow a pattern and occur every 2 or 3 days (P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae). Fever with P. falciparum can be erratic and may not follow specific patterns. It is not unusual for patients to have concomitant infections with P. vivax and P. falciparum. Falciparum malaria must always be regarded as a life-threatening medical emergency. [Pg.1145]

Candida species are the most common opportunistic fungal pathogens encountered in hospitals, ranking as the third to fourth most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections in United States Hospitals.18 The incidence of nosocomial candidiasis has increased steadily since the early 1980s, with the widespread use of central venous catheters, broad-spectrum antimicrobials, and other advancements in the supportive care... [Pg.1218]

When administered as valaciclovir, aciclovir is released during absorption, and 60% of the drug reaches the bloodstream, as described above. Site activation also occurs in herpesvirus-infected cells where aciclovir is biochemically transformed to the phosphorylated active drug by virus-specific thymidine kinase [74]. [Pg.539]

Mortality Rate (untreated) 26% (Nosocomial bloodstream infection). [Pg.517]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.187 ]




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Catheter-related bloodstream infections

Central line bloodstream infection,

Hemodialysis bloodstream infection

Parenteral nutrition bloodstream infections

Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections

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