Severity hazard

Research chemists cannot do these searches independently. There are a number of tools designed to identify and evaluate hazards. Several of these "identification tools are described below. 

Selection of a PrHA methodology requires consideration of many factors including the availability of process information such as experience with the process, changes that have taken place, reliability, aging, maintenance, etc. If it is a new process, less reliance can be placed on experience and greater reliance must be placed on the analysis of possible accidents and accidents in similar or related processes. Size, complexity and hazard severity influences the dunce ot ihe most appropriate PrHA methodology. 

The known or hazard severity potential (HSP) that is present in the systems with which the worker is interacting... 

Table IV. Hazard Severity Categories Defined in MIL-STD-882A...

The advantage of HAZOP is the combination of the experiences of people from different disciplines which make the study very effective. Also, it enforces a certain discipline to minimize the possibility of overlooking any hazards.Several computer programs to assist in HAZOP studies are available [259,260]. 

All solvent extraction technologies use flammable organic extraction fluids that present potential fire and explosion hazards. Several of the extraction fluids include volatile or semivolatile compounds, which can create explosive vapor mixtures. A number of the extraction fluids contain toxic organic compounds therefore, process designs must minimize or eliminate personnel exposure to these compounds. 

Deficiency syndromes of Zn, Cu, Cr, Se and Mo have occurred in patients on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). There is still much research to be done in assessing the nutritional status of many elements and understanding their metabolism, so that normal dietary intake may be supplemented for health benefits. Table 2 is a summary of the amounts required, the functions and the nutritional (usually dietary) imbalances in humans, where known, of the essential trace elements.31-33 (Note that this summary does not attempt to include imbalances related to environmental toxicology and occupational hazards.) Several trace elements have important functions in the immune system. Some are associated with nucleic acid. Others have structural roles, such as Si in cartilage, F and Zn in bone. They may be parts of vitamins, such as Co in vitamin B12, or hormones, such as iodine in thyroid hormones, Zn and Cr have a role in the synthesis and action of insulin.31-33... 

Hazard Probability - Hazard Severity i VERY UNLIKELY UNLIKELY RATHER UNLIKELY... 

Electrical Hazards. Several experiments make use of 110-V ac electrical power and employ apparatus in which exposed metal parts are live. If the laboratory table has a metal surface, cover it with an insulating mat or sheet of plywood or other material before... 

Identified Hazard Hazard Probability Hazard Severity Estimated Risk Acceptability... 

Hazard category means the division of criteria within each hazard class, e.g. oral acute toxicity includes five hazard categories and flammable liquids includes four hazard categories. These categories compare hazard severity within a hazard class and should not be taken as a comparison of hazard categories more generally ... 

Hazard Severe explosion risk when shocked or heated. 

Hazard Severe explosion risk when shocked may explode on contact with alkali metals, rough surfaces, or heat (100C) toxic by inhalation, a carcinogen (OSHA). TLV 0.2 ppm. 

Hazard Severe explosion hazard when dry. Absorbed by skin dust inhalation may be fatal. 

Hazard Severe fire risk if exposed to sparks or open flame. Flammable limits in air 3-12%. An asphyxiant gas. 

Hazard Severe explosion hazard when exposed to heat or by reaction with oxidizers. Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption strong irritant... 

Hazard Severe explosion risk. Strong irritant to... 

Hazard Severe explosion risk, detonates at 350C (660F). Highly toxic. TLV 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3. 

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