Safety Improvement Principles

Organizations can apply the principles of quality improvement to safety efforts in a number of ways. 

Develop a Policy - The organization should publish a hazard control policy that outlines objectives and goals. Leaders must communicate the policy to all members of the organization. Require everyone to participate and support hazard control efforts. 

Promote the Importance of Inspections - Members at every organizational level must understand 

Constantly Improve the Hazard Control Functions - Leaders, managers, and hazard control 

Leadership and Management - Managers and supervisors must use effective management principles and leadership concepts to improve organizational efficiency. Top management must provide staff members with the tools and the time to pursue improvanent ideas. 

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The action principle of safety culture, principle of attitude and behavior and accident triangle principle can explain the action principle zero accident . Improving the safety management system, correcting people s unsafe behavior, controlling near misses and other small incidents are the effective way to achieve zero accidents objective for enterprise. 

To correspond to the global market, 4S is designed on the principles of simple operation, simplified maintenance including refueling, higher safety, improved economic features and non proliferation of nuclear materials. More specific design policy for 4S is as follows ... 

PRINCIPLE 3 FOCUS ON POSITIVE CONSEQUENCES TO MOTIVATE SAFETY IMPROVEMENT... 

Principle 1 Focus Intervention on Observable Behavior 66 Principle 2 Look for External Factors to Improve Performance 66 Principle 3 Focus on Positive Consequences to Motivate Safety Improvement 67 Don t Rely on Common Sense 67 The Do It Process 68 Three Types of Behavior 70 Three Kinds of Intervention Strategies 70 Accountabihty Versus Responsibility 73 Summary and Conclusions 77 References 79... 

Using MSDSs in the curriculum is an obvious link between the CHO and instructional staff. There are some advantages to using MSDSs in the curriculum (Table VII.) to illustrate both chemical principles and other, safety-related principles. MSDSs provide a variety of information that links the labeling system, laboratory handling precautions and general safety information. As MSDS content and delivery has improved with time there has been a greater appreciation for use within the curriculum. 

Now, let us consider the main phases of teamwork, from start to finish, and see how each relates to the development of optimum group performance for safety improvement. In other words, let us move our discussion of paradigms and principles to a real-world application. Here, I provide real-world answers to questions like, "How can we establish a... 

Starting a safety improvement process and maintaining it over the long term requires the three essential support processes depicted in Figure 19.3. Leaders are needed to champion new principles and procedures. In fact, leadership makes the difference between a "flavor of the month" safety initiative and a long-term continuous improvement process. 

That is why throughout this Handbook I have presented theory and principles from psychological research to help you design safety-improvement interventions. The successful applications of these principles that I have described in brief case studies are not intended as step-by-step procedures to follow but, rather, examples to consider when customizing a process for your culture. 

Hopefully, you will find Ihe list useful as a review and as a starting point for developing your safety-enhancement process. Some of tire principles focus on design and implementation. Others explain why we often fail in safety. Most can be used as guidelines for checking potential long-term benefits of a specific safety-improvement procedure. All will help you appreciate the complex human dynamics of safety and health promotion. 

Principle 8 Do not count on common sense for safety improvement. 

This information will help you improve safety and health in any setting, from your home to the workplace and every community location in between. You can apply the knowledge gained from reading tiiis book in all aspects of your daily life. Most organized safety-improvement efforts occur in work environments, however, because that is where the exposure to hazardous conditions and at-risk behavior is most obvious. As a result, most (but not all) of my illustrations and examples use an industrial context. My hope is that you will see direct relevance of tire principles and procedures to domains beyond the workplace. 

The following safety management principles (tailored from SRG (1999)) define the scope of a safety management system, provide a framework for the establishment of processes to identify safety shortcomings, and provide assurance that safety levels are being met or improved. These principles must be supported by referring to the applicable procedures that ensure their execution. 

Systematically review the process flow schematic looking at each process step and hazardous material to identify creative ways to improve the process by applying inherent safety principles to reduce or eliminate hazards. 

The CPI would benefit from the application of human factors principles to improve safety, quality, and productivity. These arise from applying quality management to get at the underlying causc-.s of errors rather than after-the-fact blame or punishment. Crosby (1984) advocates error cause... 

PSM buiids on what is in piace, and seeks to integrate safety issues into ongoing business operations"as opposed to imposing an eiaborate exter-nai structure. The goais of PSM are process-oriented, not procedure-driven, and reflect the Total Quality Management principle of continuous improvement. 

Chapter 8, A Systematic Approach to the Management of Human Error, explains how the manager and safety professional can use human factors principles in the management of process safety. This chapter also provides a practical plan for a plant human error reduction program that will improve productivity and quality as well. 

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