SEARCH Articles Figures Tables Application of the First Principle Model to Spacecraft Operations for Aging Basic Operating Principles of Mass Spectrometers Basic Principles of Operation Basic Principles of PEM Structure and Operation Basic Principles of Single-Chamber Fuel Cell Operation Configuration and Operation Principles of Twisted Nematic Displays General Principles of Operation Operating principles of a spectrofluorometer Orbitrap - Principle of Operation Precipitation, electrostatic principle of operation Principle of Operation and Calculations Principle of SBSC Operation Principles of Cell Operation Principles of Electrochemical Cell Operation Principles of Expanded-Bed Operation Side Reactions in Which Several of the Above Principles Operate Understanding of the operational principles