Thermal aspects

The thermal duty here is the opposite of solidification operations. The indirect heat-transfer equipment suitable for one operation is not suitable for the other because of the material-handling rather than the thermal aspects. Whether the temperature of transformation is a definite or a ranging one is of little importance in the selection of equipment for fusion. The burden is much agitated, but the beds are deep. 

Finally, there must be heating to achieve the temperature necessary for the reaction to proceed. In most cases in porous solids there are sufficient temperatures produced to provide the proper thermal environment. Here heating is to be recognized as consideration of all thermal aspects of the problem. 

Table 3.1 suggests that scaling in series could make sense for an adiabatic, gas-phase reaction with no change in the number of moles upon reaction. It would also make sense when the number of moles decreases upon reaction, since the high pressures caused by this form of scaleup will favor the forward reaction. Chapter 5 gives the design equations for nonisothermal reactions and discusses the thermal aspects of scaleup. 

R.L. Feller, Accelerated Aging, Photochemical and Thermal Aspects, The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 1994. 

In catalytic combustion or any exothermic decomposition, thermal aspects can dominate the continued reacting process particularly since the catalytic surface will also rise in temperature. 

In the following chapters, an example reaction system will be used for illustrating purposes. In order to focus on thermal aspects of reactor safety, no explicit chemistry will be used, but a general reaction scheme is used instead ... 

The objective of the book is not to turn the reader into a specialist in thermal safety. It is to guide those who perform risk analysis of chemical processes, develop new processes, or are responsible for chemical production, to understand the thermal aspects of processes and to perform a scientifically founded-but practically oriented-assessment of chemical process safety. This assessment may serve as a basis for the optimization or the development of thermally safe processes. The methods presented are based on the author s long years of experience in the practice of safety assessment in industry and teaching students and professionals... 

Tenforde, T. S. Thermal aspects of electromagnetic field interactions with bound calcium ions at the nerve cell surface. 

Kennedy MV, Stojanivic B, Shuman FL. Chemical and thermal aspects of pesticide disposal. Environ Qual 1972 1 63-65. 

Besides the electrical and thermal aspects, carbon conductive additives influence the mechanical properties of the electrodes. In particular, due to its compressibility, graphite improves the electrode density and mechanical stability. The generally lower DBPA of graphite is the reason for the lower amount of binder material necessary to achieve a suitable mechanical stability of the electrode. Further, a more facile spreadability of graphitic filaments in the electrode mass is reported for primary lithium cells.92... 

The thermal aspects of the reaction have been thoroughly investigated and both temperature—time histories and temperature profiles across the vessel have been measured using very fine thermocouples [102(a), 103]. 

The amount of cmstal heat production is a key parameter for the distribution of temperatures in continental cmst. Eurther constraints may be obtained by smdying thermal aspects of models for the generation of average cmstal material, which involve thermally activated processes in one form or another, such as delamination and gravitational instability (lull and Kelemen, 2001). 

Gray D. R. (1997) Tectonics of the southeastern Australian Lachlan Eold Belt structural and thermal aspects. In Orogeny Through Time. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. No. 121 (eds. J.-P. Burg and M. Ford) pp. 149—177. 

The theory of thermal aspects of laser desorption has been developed for a substrate surface subjected to pulsed laser irradiation, assuming that the laser intensity has a Gaussian distribution [21], The given surface is covered with the organic layer, which does not absorb the laser energy. However, the heat flux in the substrate that absorbs the energy heats the sample to the same temperature as the substrate. For this case, the laser intensity flux /(r,t) is given by... 

II.3. Kinetic and Thermal Aspects of the Magnetic Field Effect... 

THERMAL ASPECT OF THE CARBON NANOTUBE-BASED NANOELECTRONIC COMPONENTS... 

Thermal aspects Strong radiant sources present Wet bulb temperature (Clothing inventory)... 

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