Pourability

Gum tragacanth is obtained from the large tap root and branches of a small perennial shmb found in the Middle East, especially Iran. Chemically, it is a mixture of water-insoluble polysaccharides. It is stable to heat, acidity, and aging, and is used extensively in pourable low calorie salad dressings. 

Shampoos have been prepared in various forms, and have included systems that are thick and thin, clear and opaque, pourable Hquids, soflds, gels, pastes, powders, flakes, and aerosol types. In many cases, shampoos have been prepared and directed for various hair types, eg, normal, dry, damaged, and color treated. Most marketed shampoos (ca 1993) are primarily clear Hquid and opaque lotion types gel and paste forms also are available. Aerosol shampoos are available to the consumer however, their impact on the market has been limited to the dry shampoo aerosol. 

Pigments are available ia a number of commercial forms including dry powders (either surface treated or untreated), presscakes, flushed colors (thick pastes), fluidi2ed dispersions (pourable pastes), resia predispersed pigments (powders), and plastic color concentrates or master batches (granules) (see PiGLffiNTDISPERSIONS). 

Paprika oleoresin (EEC No. E 160c) is the combination of davor and color principles obtained by extracting paprika with any one or a combination of approved solvents acetone, ethyl alcohol, ethylene dichloride, hexane, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, methylene chloride, and trichloroethylene. Depending on their source, paprika oleoresins are brown—red, slightly viscous, homogeneous Hquids, pourable at room temperature, and containing 2—5% sediment. 

Impression Plasters. Impression plasters are prepared by mixing with water. Types I and II plasters are weaker than dental stone (types III and IV) because of particle morphology and void content. There are two factors that contribute to the weakness of plaster compared to that of dental stone. First, the porosity of the particles makes it necessary to use more water for a mix, and second, the irregular shapes of the particles prevent them from fitting together tightly. Thus, for equally pourable consistencies, less gypsum per unit volume is present in plaster than in dental stone, and the plaster is considerably weaker. 

Mixes of improved dental stone (type IV) using 22 parts of water to 100 parts of powder produce a mass that is not fluid and pourable but can be easily vibrated into place. The physical properties of the improved dental stone include a setting time 10 3 min, fineness of powder such that 98% passes a 100 sieve (ca 0.15 mm) and 90% passes a 200 sieve (ca 0.07 mm) setting expansion at 2 h limited to a max of 0.10% compressive strength at 1 h of at least 34.3 MPa (4974 psi) and a disk formed in the slump test for consistency of a 30 2 mm diameter. 

SchUtt-volumen, n. iPlaatica) pourability, also bulk factor. - Hnkel, m. angle of repose. Schtitz, m. relay shuttle sluice. 

AN particle shape, size distribution and density have a significant effect on the mixing and loading characteristics of molten Minol II. The product made with grained AN was best with respect to ease of mixing, smooth consistency, uniform viscosity, pourability and cast density (Ref 48)... 

Structured laundry liquids are currently available in Europe and were recently introduced in the United States [50,51]. These products typically contain high levels of surfactants and builder salts, as well as enzymes and other additives. In the presence of high ionic strength, the combination of certain anionic and nonionic surfactants form lamellar liquid crystals. Under the microscope (electron microscope, freeze fracturing) these appear as round droplets with an onion-like, multilayered structure. Formation of these droplets or sperulites permits the incorporation of high levels of surfactants and builders in a pourable liquid form. Stability of the dispersion is enhanced by the addition of polymers that absorb onto the droplet surface to reduce aggregation. 

The composition of a typical IOS system prepared by Stapersma et al. [4] is shown in Table 2, along with the analytical data of an AOS with the same chain length. Compositions containing IOS, a nonionic surfactant, glycols, and another salt-tolerant anionic surfactant which are pourable and pumpable at 20°C and can be used in the manufacturing of detergent compositions, have also been described by Stapersma et al. [36]. 

J. G. Doolan and C. A. Cody. Pourable water dispersible thickening composition for aqueous systems and a method of thickening said aqueous systems. Patent US 5425806, 1995. 

The proportion of the legume flours which gelled when heated in a closed container increased from about 60 to 80% as a result of pin milling (Table IV). Also, most of the protein and starch fractions from field pea gelled under these conditions but a portion of fababean fractions remained as a pourable slurry. The proteinate and refined starch gave very firm gels. 

The results demonstrated that the CGTase is able to liquefy com starch at any pH in the range 4.5-5.5 (Table I). Liquefaaion was considered positive if the starch syrup was pourable. The starch was liquefied to a negligible dextrose equivalent (DE) i.e., without the formation of reducing sugars as expected with a CGTase. The presence of calcium was not required. The B, stearothermophilus amylase, on the other hand, provided suitable liquefaction only at pH 5.5 and calcium was required, but still not optimal as evidenced by the results obtained at pH 5.8. 

Model concept Gas Is pourable (fluid) and flows In a way similar to a liquid. The continuum theory and the summarization of the gas laws which follows are based on experience and can explain all the processes in gases near atmospheric pressure. Only after it became possible using ever better vacuum pumps to dilute the air to the extent that the mean free path rose far beyond the dimensions of the vessel were more far-reaching assumptions necessary these culminated in the kinetic gas theory. The kinetic gas theory applies throughout the entire pressure range the continuum theory represents the (historically older) special case in the gas laws where atmospheric conditions prevail. 

Thermoplastics are polymeric materials that soften when heated and, upon cooling, will harden again. Ideally, the thermoplastics used in this type of technology are pourable when hot, so that they can be mixed with waste and form a barrier impermeable to water when resolidified. 

H.W. Koch. H. Freiwald, Explosivstoffe 6, 279—84(1958) (Pourable expls and determination of their viscosity)... 

The present paper deals with the intrinsically simpler, pourable slurry approach which has been studied for about as long but applied to only a limited extent in flight-type rockets. 

The key to the successful application of high performance, pourable nitrocellulose plastisols lies in a reasonably priced, high quality source of fine-particle, at least partially colloided, spheroidal nitrocellulose. Here we are speaking of particles much finer than the well-known ball powder, produced by the Olin Mathieson Chemical Co. for small arms for over 30 years (7). Actually, particles on the order of 5-50/x diameter appear to be required to assure a reasonable continuum of uniformly plasticized nitrocellulose binder in a propellant containing 45% or more of combined crystalline oxidizer and powdered metal fuel. Such a continuum of binder is necessary to assure acceptable mechanical properties and reproducible burning characteristics of the finished propellant. Preincorporation of a certain content of the water-insoluble solids within the nitrocellulose microspheres is an effective means of helping to assure this continuum of binder and alleviates the requirements for extremely small ball size. The use of a total of 45% or more of crystalline oxidizer and (generally) metal fuel is essential if the propellant is to be competitive with other modern propellants now in service. 

Butyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, and cetyl methacrylate were combined with maleic anhydride, lauryl mercaptan, and process oil and then charged into a 2-liter reaction vessel equipped with two mixing impellers rotated at 300 rpm during the reaction. The mixture was preheated to 85°C and then treated with 2,2 -azoisobutyronitrile and heated for 4 hours at 85°C followed by 1 hour at 100°C. In some cases additional oil was added to make the product more easily pourable. Unreacted maleic anhydride and other low-molecular-weight products were removed by heating the reaction mass to 120°C while applying a vacuum. Reaction scoping results are provided in Table 1. 

Because of the pourability of SAS mixtures, whose slump characteristics can range from 2-6 inches (ASTM Test Method C-143), pavement thickness control could be a problem necessitating the use of forms as in cement construction. Flowability of the mixes induced an... 

Its crystals belong to the monoclinic system. The product used in industrial practice should be crystalline in form and be easily pourable into a mould for compression. According to Davis [21] a product with mixed, i.e. relatively large and small crystals (Fig. 5), is best suited for this purpose. 

The proportion of the oxidant could be as high as 82%. This gave a limit of pourability of the mixture. This high content of solid oxidant could be achieved by... 

Allenby Wright (Ref 13) reported prepn of a pourable HE with setting point 75° when mixing DNDMO in equimolecular amt with Picric Acid. The rate of deton of this expl mixt was 6680 to 7500m/sec, depending on the densities of 1,41 to 1.59... 

---