Plants heavy metal accumulation

Gupta, A. K., and Sinha, S. (2006). Chemical fractionation and heavy metal accumulation in the plant of Sesamum indicum (L.) var. T55 grown on soil amended with tannery sludge Selection of single extractants. Chemosphere 64, 161—173. 

Antonkiewicz, J., Jasiewicz, Cz., and Ryant, P, The use of heavy metal accumulating plants for detoxication of chemically polluted soils, Acta Univ. Agric. Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 52, 113-120, 2004. 

Aoyama, M., Effects of heavy metal accumulation in apple orchard soils in the mineralization of humified plant residues, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 44, 209, 1998. 

Characterize the ecological consequences of heavy metals accumulation due to coal burning power plant operations. Compare the results in Mae Mob Valley with similar ones for your country. 

The use of fertilizers based on sewage sludge when optimizing their doses ensures improving the productivity of perennial grasses and fiber flax, increases the fertility of sod-podzolic soils, their biological activity, and does not cause heavy metal accumulation in soil and plant production. 

Seed germination, plant growth rate, effect on m acro-organisms, "heavy" metal accumulation in plants... 

Figure 1 Three main types of heavy metal accumulation in plants schematic correlations between metal in soil (or nutrient solution) and metal in the plants.

Industrial Wastewater Treatment. Industrial wastewaters require different treatments depending on their sources. Plating waste contains toxic metals that are precipitated and insolubiHzed with lime (see Electroplating). Iron and other heavy metals are also precipitated from waste-pidde Hquor, which requires acid neutralization. Akin to pickle Hquor is the concentrated sulfuric acid waste, high in iron, that accumulates in smokeless powder ordinance and chemical plants. Lime is also useful in clarifying wastes from textile dyeworks and paper pulp mills and a wide variety of other wastes. Effluents from active and abandoned coal mines also have a high sulfuric acid and iron oxide content because of the presence of pyrite in coal. 

Use of Plants to Monitor Heavy Metals in Ereshwaters [Methods based on Metal Accumulation and on Techniques other than Accumulation], 1991... 

Standards imposed to the industrial waste streams charged in heavy metals are more and more drastic in accordance with the updated knowledges of the toxicity of mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium... when they enter the human food chain after accumulating in plants and animals (Forster Wittmann, 1983). Nowadays, the use of biosorbents (Volesky, 1990) is more and more considered to complete conventional (physical and chemical) methods of removal that have shown their limits and/or are prohibitively expensive for metal concentrations typically below 100 mg.l-i. 

A further application of the manipulation of microbial activity in the rhizo-sphere is their potential to remediate contaminated land. Bioremediation involves the u.se of microorganisms that break down contaminants. Radwan et al. (255) found that the soil associated with the roots of plants grown in soil heavily contaminated with oil in Kuwait was free of oil residues, presumably as a result of the ability of the resident rhizosphere microflora to degrade hydrocarbons. The use of plants as a means to accumulate pollutants such as heavy metals (256,257) to degrade hydrocarbons and pesticides (255) is already widely implemented and has proven to be successful. In some cases, there is no doubt that it is the plant itself that is responsible for the removal of the contaminants. However, in most... 

Metal removal in SSFCWs has been recently focused on metal elimination from synthetic water and different wastewaters,66-86 on the evaluation of the effects of season, temperature, plant species, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) loading on metals removal,87 and on the accumulation of metals in wetland plant species and sediments.88-89 Recent reviews on heavy metal phytoremediation wetlands are also available.48... 

Heavy metals and to some extent their derivatives are among the indestructible pollutants that are neither subject to bacterial attack nor other breakdown or degradation processes and are thus permanent additions to the environment.12 14 Accordingly, their concentrations most often exceed the permissible levels normally found in the environment soil, water ways, and sediments, ending up in the food chains. Following these events, heavy metals and/or their derivatives accumulate in the plant and animal life where they profoundly disrupt biological processes, causing various... 

Phytate (myo-inositol hexaphosphate Fig. 15.3, structure 33) is found in many food species and can be considered as a phytochemical. Its role in the plant is primarily as a phosphate store in seeds, but it is found in other tissues as well, for example, tubers (Harland et al., 2004). Phytate and its hydrolysis products are anti-nutrients that chelate metal ions and thus reduce their bioavailability (Persson et al., 1998 House, 1999). This is particularly a problem with cereal grains, but pre-processing can improve mineral absorption from these foods (Agte and Joshi, 1997). There is some concern that high phytate foods could also contain higher levels of toxic heavy metals caused by natural accumulation. Plants also contain phytate-degrading enzymes that can also influence metal ion bioavailability (Viveros et al., 2000). 

Modifying the properties of plant culture media, including increasing the osmolarity, reducing the effective concentration of selected heavy metals and altering the pH, has resulted in enhanced foreign protein accumulation or stability in some systems. 

Barman, S.C. and S.K. Bhargava. 1997. Accumulation of heavy metals in soil and plants in industrially polluted fields. Pages 289-314 in P.N. Cheremisinoff (ed.). Ecological Issues and Environmental Impact Assessment. Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, TX. 

Thomas, W., A. Ruhling, and H. Simon. 1984. Accumulation of airborne pollutants (PAH, chlorinated hydrocarbons, heavy metals) in various plant species and humus. Environ. Pollut. 36A 295-310. 

Heavy metals in the environment, especially their accumulation in soils, is a serious environmental problem which the whole world faces (Du et al. 2005). The farmland soils are an important media of the ecological cycle of Cadmium, and its harm to human health can t be neglected (Wu et al. 2004). Heavy metal migration, transformation and toxicity to plants in soil are directly influenced by the quantity proportions of various forms (Zhu et al. 2002). The toxicity of water-extractable and adsorbed and exchangeable metals are the greatest, and residual metals is the lowest (Liu etal. 2002). Different forms have different bioavailability thus their influences on the environment and human health are different. It is critical to have a good understanding of Cadmium forms in soil. This paper describes the Cadmium forms in the acid soils of eastern China. 

Wenzel, W.W. Jockwer, F. 1999. Accumulation of heavy metals in plants grown on mineralised soils of the Austrian Alps. Environmental Pollution, 104, 145-155. 

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