Selectivity Heavy metals and

Modifying the properties of plant culture media, including increasing the osmolarity, reducing the effective concentration of selected heavy metals and altering the pH, has resulted in enhanced foreign protein accumulation or stability in some systems. 

Fowler, S.W., 1990. Critical review of selected heavy metal and chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations in the marine environment. Mar. Environ. Res. 29, 1-64. 

The aim of our study was to complete our knowledge on the historical development of pollutant deposition in major basins of the central and southwestern Baltic Sea. The presented data are based on the analyses of selected heavy metals and organic contaminants in dated sediment cores. In detail, we want to supply information about namral backgrounds (heavy metals), time trends of concentrations, and comparisons of inventories of particle-bound pollutants for the whole period of anthropogenic impact (industrial time). 

As the available space does not permit to show all the analyzed components and parameters of the nine cores in figures, the vertical patterns of selected heavy metals and organic pollutants are demonstrated by one example (core No. 257 350 from the Gotland Basin). Later on, we will compare the selected parameters in the different cores (areas) and finally come to an inventory estimation and assessment of the results. 

Recently, we have carried out studies on the effect of LMMOAs on the adsorption of selected heavy metals and metalloids onto/from metal oxides, variable-charge soils, and organomineral complexes. The aim of this work is to present some of our significant findings on the effect of biomolecules, usually present in the rhizosphere, on the mobility of trace elements in soil environments. We also compare our results with those reported in the literature. 

Ribeiro AB. (1998). Use of Electrodialytic Remediation Technique for Removal of Selected Heavy Metals and Metalloids from Soils. PhD Dissertation, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark. Lisboa, Portugal. 

Fowler SW (1990) Critical review of selected heavy metal and chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations in the marine environment. Mar Environ Res 29(l) l-64 Gauthier TD, Seitz WR, Grant CL (1987) Effects of structural and compositional variations of dissolved humic materials on pyrene Koc value. Environ Sci Technol 21(3) 243-248... 

Ammonia can also react violently with a large selection of chemicals including ethylene oxide, halogens, heavy metals, and oxidants such as chromium trioxide, dichlorine oxide, dinitrogen tetroxide, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, liquid oxygen, and potassium chlorate. 

It is now apparent that bacteria have developed resistance to heavy metals and the detoxifying process is initiated and controlled by metallo-regulatory proteins which are able selectively to recognize metal ions. MerR is a small DNA-binding protein which displays a remarkable sensitivity to Hg +. The metal apparently binds to S atoms of cysteine and this has been a major incentive to recent work on Hg-S chemistry. 

Zhao G, Zhou H, Wang Z (2010) Concentrations of selected heavy metals in food from four e-waste disassembly localities and daily intake by local residents. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 45(7) 824-835. doi 10.1080/10934521003709016... 

Layer silicate minerals have a high selectivity of trace transition and heavy metals and greater irreversibility of their adsorption. Some chemisorbing sites such as -SiOH or AlOH groups may be at clay edges and form hydroxyl polymers at the mineral surface. Another possible reason for the high selectivity may be hydrolysis of the metal and strong adsorption of the hydrolysis ion species. 

Wakefield Z.T. Distribution of Cadmium and Selected Heavy Metals in Phosphate Fertilizer Processing (Bulletin Y-159), National Fertilizer Development Center, TVA, 1980. 

Harris, J.E., GJ. Fabris, RJ. Statham, and F. Tawfik. 1979. Biogeochemistry of selected heavy metals in Western Port, Victoria, and use of invertebrates as indicators with emphasis on Mytilus edulis planulatus. Austral. Jour. Mar. Freshwater Res. 30 159-178. 

Preston, A., D.F. Jeffries, J.W.R. Dutton, B.R. Harvey, and A.K. Steele. 1972. British isles coastal waters the concentrations of selected heavy metals in sea water, suspended matter and biological indicators — a pilot survey. Environ. Pollut. 3 69-82. 

Findo, V.S., P. Hell, J. Farkas, B. Mankovska, M. Zilinec, and M. Stanovsky. 1993. Accumulation of selected heavy metals in red and roe deer in the central west Carpathian mountains (central Slovakia). Z. Jagdwiss. 39 181-189 (in German with English summary). 

Human and ecological toxicity Diverse selected individual substances, e.g. pesticides, heavy metals and particulates (PM 10 equivalent)... 

Researchers claim that the engineered chitosan beads appear to adsorb selected heavy metals as efficiently as the best commercial processes now being used. They also believe that future research will enable recycling of the metals and reuse of the chitosan. The process also provides an economic use of tons of crab sheUs (the source of chitosan) that are currently disposed of as trash by the shellfish producing industry. 

Krikorian N, Martin, DF. Extraction of Selected Heavy Metals Using Modified Clays. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 2005 A40 601-607. 

Adsorption to mineral surfaces such as Fe and Al (hydr)oxides has long been known to be an important process that limits the mobility of heavy metals and metalloid species in aqueous systems (e.g., Stumm 1992). The sorption of ionic species in MSWI bottom ash has been recently studied in detail by Meima Comans (1998, 1999). These authors used a sequence of selective chemical extractions to determine sorbent concentration, namely Fe and Al (hydr)oxides. Their model calculations suggested that Zn(II) and M0O4 sorbed to Fe (hydr)oxides, while Pb(II) and Cu(II) appeared to have a greater affinity for Fe (hydr)oxides. The sorption of Cd(Il) was found to be very weak. The interpretation of... 

Pacyna EG, Pacyna JM, Fudala J et al (2007) Current and future emissions of selected heavy metals to the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources in Europe. Atmos Environ 41 8557-8566... 

Malm, W.C. and Sisler, J.F. (2000) Spatial patterns of major aerosol species and selected heavy metals in the United States. Fuel Processing Technology, 65, 473-501. 

Pamukcu, S., and Wittle, J. K. (1992) Electrokinetic Removal of Selected Heavy Metals From SoilEnvironmental Progress, AIChE, 11(4), 241-250. 

A further source of variability which interferes with natural variability is the influence of anthropogenic activities. Tab. 1-2 shows the highest and the lowest values of some selected heavy metals measured in the surface soil of an area strongly influenced by particulate emissions from a large metallurgical factory. The variability amounts to an order of magnitude of between 1 and 2. 

The majority of AOTs can be applied to the remediation and detoxification of low or medium volumes of waters. Ground, surface, and wastewater can be treated, giving rise to the destruction or transformation of hazardous or refractory pollutants. Point sources of toxic pollutants such as pesticides, heavy metals and others can be treated in small-scale mobile treatment units, easy to install in industrial plants. The methods can be used alone or combined with other AOTs or with conventional methods. The use of modular units allows the selection of the best technology or combination of technologies to treat a specific wastewater. AOTs can also be applied to pollutants in the air and soil, and they may even allow disinfection or sterilization of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. 

A particular aspect of water treatment is the rehabilitation of accidentally contaminated soils by radionuclides. This is well illustrated by the works carried out after the Cernobyl catastrophe. The incorporation of clinoptilolite into contaminated soils reduced the transport of heavy metals and radionuclides from soils into ground water and biomass (7). Union Carbide s IONSIV EE-95 (CHA) and A-51 zeolites (LTA) with excellent Cs+/Na+ and Sr2+/Na+ selectivities, respectively, have also been employed for decontamination of high activity level water in the reactor containment building from Cs+ and Sr2+ after the accident at Three Miles Island (5). The radioisotope loaded zeolites were then transformed into glasses for ultimate disposal. 

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