Plants breeding

The genetic base for an organic breeding program should be broadened and newly estab- 

Evaluating and exploiting gene bank material can be of use because required characteristics might have disappeared by selection under modern, high input conditions, such as low-input tolerance and deep or intensive root architecture (Foulkes et al. 1998 De Melo 2003). This is a relatively low cost method to develop valuable accessions. 

There are different approaches to involving farmers in the breeding process (Ceccarelli 2000 Morris and Bellon 2004). In the traditional farmers breeding model, farmers conduct the whole process of  

Benefits derived from new varieties bred by farmers require a legal system of common ownership that allows equitable access and benefits sharing. In many countries there are examples of networks of organic farmers and breeders that provide such a system (Henatsch 2002 Rios Labrada et al. 2002 Ramos Garcia et al. 2004). 

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T. C. Nelson, Mutation and Plant Breeding, pubbcation no. 891, National Academy of Science, National Research Council, New York, 1961, pp. 331-349. 

Keijzer, C.J. (1983). Hydration changes during anther development. In Pollen Biology and Implications for Plant Breeding, ed. N.L. Matching F.A. Oha-viane, pp. 199-202. Elsevier. 

Tanksley, S.D. (1983). Molecular markers in plant breeding. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 1, 3-8. 

Blum, A. (1982). Evidence for genetic variability in drought resistance and its implication in plant breeding. In Drought Resistance in Crops With Emphasis on Rice, pp. 52-70. Los Banos, Philippines International Rice Research Institute. 

Blum, A. (1988). Plant Breeding for Stress Environments. Boca Raton CRC Press. 

Finlay, K.C. Wilkinson, G.N. (1%3). The analysis of adaptation in plant breeding programme. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 14, 742-61. 

Hanson, W.D. Robinson, H.F. (1963). Statistical Genetics and Plant Breeding. Washington, DC National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council. 

Yeo, A.R. Flowers, T.J. (1984). Mechanisms of salinity resistance in rice and their role as physiological criteria in plant breeding. In Salinity Tolerance in... 

Blum, A. (1983). Genetic and physiological relationships in plant breeding for drought resistance. In Plant Production and Management Under Drought Conditions, ed. J.F. Stone and W.O. Wills, pp. 195-205. Amsterdam Elsevier Science Publishers. 

Vekemans, X. 1992. Evolution of plant breeding systems Armeria maritima (Mhl.) Wild, as a study case. Ph.D. Thesis, Universite Libre de BruxeUes. 

Phytochemical functional foods 13.6.1 Conventional plant breeding... 

Goldman, l.L. and Navazio, J.R, History and breeding of table beet in the United States, Plant Breed. Rev., 22, 357, 2003. 

The PCR technique is very useful during all stages of the research and development of biotech crops. PCR analysis is used for gene discovery, event selection, screening, transformant identification, line selection and plant breeding. Quantitative real-time PCR is used to determine the number of transgene copies inserted in experimental... 

This finding was predated by the three-volume report of the Indian Hemp Commission from 1898, when Queen Victoria s government concluded that the smoking of cannabis, or hemp, did not impair the work rates of farm labourers in the Indian subcontinent. However, it should be emphasised that these reports were concerned with old-fashioned natural cannabis, whose THC content was around 1-2% this was the type used by hippies in the 1960s. But, during the 1970s selective plant breeding and hydroponic plant cultures led to increased THC values of around... 

Mesterhazy A (1995), Types and components of resistance to Fusarium head blight of wheat , Plant Breeding, 114, 377-386. 

Camelina sativa, a rare and unexploited crop plant Camelina sativa is grown as a crop plant only in Finland and Ireland. Because it is a self-pollinating plant the risk of inadvertently transferring the new trait to naturally occurring plant relatives in the environment is low. Camelina sativa has not been extensively used in plant breeding, which means that there are only few varieties of the plant... 

The sort of starch produced by a plant can be altered by plant breeding to produce plants with the right genetic make up to produce the desired starch. Sometimes the desired genetic characteristics can only be found in a wild variety of the crop. 

Limongelli G, Laghetti G, Perrino P, Piergiovanni AR (1996) Variation of seed storage protein in landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Basilicata, Southern Italy. Plant Breed 119 513-516... 

Sicard D, Nanni L, Porfiri O, Bulfon D, Papa R (2005) Genetic diversity of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and P. coccineus L. landraces in central Italy. Plant Breed 124 464-473... 

Magg T, Melchinger AE, Klein D, Bohn M (2002) Relationship between European com borer resistance and concentration of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp. in grains of transgenic Bt maize hybrids, their isogenic counterparts, and commercial varieties. Plant Breed 121 146-154 Maheshwari N, Rajyalakshmi K, Baweja K, Dhir SK, Chowdhry CN, Maheshwari SC (1995) In vitro culture of wheat and genetic transformation - retrospect and prospect. Plant Sci 14 49-178... 

Mesterhazy A, Bartok T, Mirocha CG, Komoroczy R (1999) Nature of wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight and the role of deoxynivalenol for breeding. Plant Breed 118 97-110 Michales SD, Amasimo RM (2000) Memories of winter vernalization and the competence to flower. Plant Cell Environ 23 1145-1153... 

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