Anther development

Keijzer, C.J. (1983). Hydration changes during anther development. In Pollen Biology and Implications for Plant Breeding, ed. N.L. Matching F.A. Oha-viane, pp. 199-202. Elsevier. 

JAs also play important roles in flower development.832 833 837 Particularly, the requirement ofJA biosynthesis for anther development was clearly shown by JA biosynthesis mutants 834-836 AOS and OPR3, two enzymes required for JA biosynthesis, are encoded as a single gene in Arabidopsis genome. An opr3 mutant in Arabidopsis,... 

Mlcroaporogeneala la a prominent feature of anther development. After the dlalntegration of tatrada hy degradation of the aurrounding callose the production of aeveral aecondary producta occurs during the following pollen maturation. 

Prenner, G. and Teppner, H. (2005). Anther development, pollen presentation and pollen adhesive of parenchymatous origin in Callinadra angustifolia (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae-Ingeae). Phyton (Horn, Austria), 45, 267-286. Ramirez-Domenech, J. I. and Tucker, S. C. 

In this paper we present a Anther development in characterisation by LMPA intrusion. Samples of an alumina catalyst support have been successfully impregnated at various pressures along the corresponding intrusion curve obtained by mercury porosimetry. 

In order to develop an efficient procedure for obtaining a desired mutation, ion beams were applied to tobacco anthers, and potato virus Y (PVY)-resistant mutants have been selected. A high frequency (2.9-3.9%) of resistant mutants was obtained by the irradiation of C and He ions with a dose of 5-10 Gy [112,113]. 

In M. guttatus, pea and maize, these genes appear to be expressed in a root-specific pattern. Levels of transcript are barely detectable in leaves, developing cotyledon, pith, seed and anther (de Miranda et al., 1990 Evans et al., 1990 de Framond, 1991). However, the soybean gene is expressed constitutively in both roots and leaves (Kawashima et al., 1991). 

Therefore, it may be possible to increase the resistance of cultivated sunflower to Hj. electellum by breeding for increased concentrations of sesquiterpene lactone-containing glandular trichomes on the anther tips. The development of new cultivated lines with high densities of glandular trichomes may prove to be an... 

Development of the Anther.—Each stamen originates as a knoblike swelling from the receptacle between the petals and carpels. This swelling represents mainly future soral (anther) tissue. The filament develops later. When such a young sorus or anther is cut... 

Thus, for example, the usual process by which a single flower becomes double, is that, instead of filaments and anthers, petals are developed these either show a complete resemblance in form and color to the other leaves of the corolla, or they still carry some visible traces of their origin. 

Numerous papers have been published describing the photochemical production of enones from carbonyl compounds and alkynes. The first detection of an oxetene intermediate involved low-temperature (-78 C) photolysis of 2-butyne and benzaldehyde to form the photoproduct (61), which was observed by NMR. llie oxetene undergoes further photoreaction with benzaldehyde to form the novel fused oxetane (62). Recently, Friedrich has reported Anther studies on the reactivity of oxetenes and developed alternative syntheses of the parent compound and 3-phenyloxete (64). The parent oxetene is found to have a themial half-life of approximately 8 h in solution at room temperature. The phenyl-substituted derivative (64) underwent slow ring-opening under acidic conditions to form 2-phenylpropenal and air oxidation to yield a formate derivative, probably via a radical process. 

In the more benign asexual cycle, Epichloe endophytes (and all Neotyphodium species) remain asymptomatic (Fig. 1). As floral primordia are formed, endophytes grow into ovules, proliferate in the nucellus tissues, and later colonize the embryonic axis of the developing seed, which leads to vertical transmission (Freeman, 1904 Philipson and Christey, 1986). Hyphae in the remnant nucellar layer form a conspicuous mat between the aleuron and the seed coat (White et al., 1991). Symptomless endophytes may also invade stamen filaments and anther walls, but have never been found in pollen grains, and apparently are not disseminated via paternal structures (Sampson, 1933 Hinton and Bacon, 1985). Vertical transmission of endophytes in infected tillers occurs at nearly 100% efficiency (Siegel et al., 1984). However, seeds which are free of endophyte may occasionally be produced when shoot meristems of individual... 

Important aspects of the extraction step for POP analysis in food and other biological matrices have been reviewed recently (7, 2), but this discussion is Anther extended here because it is still of great importance to elucidate sources of food contaminants such as dioxins, ftirans and PCBs in food (5). This type of method development requires substantial time and investment, however, any technical improvement will ultimately lead to cost reduction in food monitoring laboratories. 

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