Perkin-Elmer

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), also called electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), is described in section Bl.25,2.1. The most connnonly employed x-rays are the Mg Ka (1253.6 eV) and the A1 Ka (1486.6 eV) lines, which are produced from a standard x-ray tube. Peaks are seen in XPS spectra that correspond to the bound core-level electrons in the material. The intensity of each peak is proportional to the abundance of the emitting atoms in the near-surface region, while the precise binding energy of each peak depends on the chemical oxidation state and local enviromnent of the emitting atoms. The Perkin-Elmer XPS handbook contains sample spectra of each element and bindmg energies for certain compounds [58]. 

Davis L E, MacDonald N C, Palmberg P W, Riach G E and Weber R E 1976 Handbook of Auger Eiectron Spectroscopy 2nd edn (Eden Prairie, MN Perkin-Elmer Corporation)... 

Wagner C D, Riggs W M, Davis L E, Moulder J F and Muilenburg G E 1979 Handbook of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Eden Prairie, MN Perkin Elmer)... 

Measurements were performed employing a Perkin Elmer X2, 5 or 12 UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 25 O.r- C. Equilibrium constants were determined by measuring the extinction coefficient at a suitable wavelength of the partially complexed dienophile (y,.hs) as a function of the concentration of... 

Kinetic experiments were performed on a Perkin Elmer 12, 15, or 12 spectrophotometer following methods described in Chapter 2. Values for k. , given in Tables 3.1 and 3.2 were calculated using equation A8, derived in Appendix 2.1 in Chapter 2. 

Kinetic measurements were performed employii UV-vis spectroscopy (Perkin Elmer "K2, X5 or 12 spectrophotometer) using quartz cuvettes of 1 cm pathlength at 25 0.1 C. Second-order rate constants of the reaction of methyl vinyl ketone (4.8) with cyclopentadiene (4.6) were determined from the pseudo-first-order rate constants obtained by followirg the absorption of 4.6 at 253-260 nm in the presence of an excess of 4.8. Typical concentrations were [4.8] = 18 mM and [4.6] = 0.1 mM. In order to ensure rapid dissolution of 4.6, this compound was added from a stock solution of 5.0 )j1 in 2.00 g of 1-propanol. In order to prevent evaporation of the extremely volatile 4.6, the cuvettes were filled almost completely and sealed carefully. The water used for the experiments with MeReOj was degassed by purging with argon for 0.5 hours prior to the measurements. All rate constants were reproducible to within 3%. 

All kinetic measurements were performed using UV-vis spectroscopy (Perkin Elmer 2, 5 or 12 photo spectrometers) as described in Chapter 2. 

C. D. Wagner, W. M. Riggs, L. E. Davis, andj. F. Moulder, in G. E. Muilenberg, ed.. Handbook of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Perkin-Elmer Corporation, Eden Prairie, Minn., 1979. 

A. P. Grey, technical data, TAAS-2, Perkin Elmer, Norwalk, Conn., 1972. 

The reseai ch has been carried out by the liquid chromatograph Perkin-Elmer (Series 200), which has tandem detectors the diode array (X=210 nm) and the refractometer. The temperature of a column was 30 C, speed of a mobile phase is 1.5 ml/ min. As a mobile phase, mixtures of solvents methanol - water and acetonitrile - water with addition of sodium perchlorate. The columns with the modified silica gel C8 and Cl8 (4.6x220 mm, 5 pm) were used for sepai ation of the AIST and FAS components. In order to make the identification of AIST and FAS components more reliable the ratio of the values of the above-mentioned detectors signals of each substance analyzed. 

A Perkin-Elmer 5000 AAS was used, with an electrically heated quartz tube atomizer. The electrolyte is continuously conveyed by peristaltic pump. The sample solution is introduced into the loop and transported to the electrochemical cell. A constant current is applied to the electrolytic cell. The gaseous reaction products, hydrides and hydrogen, fonued at the cathode, are flowed out of the cell with the carrier stream of argon and separated from the solution in a gas-liquid separator. The hydrides are transported to an electrically heated quartz tube with argon and determined under operating conditions for hydride fonuing elements by AAS. 

We studied conditions for the determination of tiametoxam (TM), the active component of the fungicide Actai a (Syngenta, Switzerland) by the method of thin layer chromatography with use of the Perkin-Elmer liquid chromatograph combined with spectrophotometric detector. The 250 mm-long and 4.6 mm in diameter steel column filled with Silasorb was used. 

After adequate analitical prepai ation according to standai d EPA method 608 samples were analysed gas chromatographic on a gas chromatograph 8500 Perkin Elmer, in glass and capilar columns using a capture electron detector and mass spectrometry, temperature program. 

Analysis of soils is an important task in the environmental researches. Reliability of ICP-MS results of soil analysis mainly depends on chemical sampling. Recently microwave systems are widely used for preparation of different samples. Influence of microwave radiation on sample ensures a complete decomposition of sample, greatly increases the mineralization, and allows possible losses of volatile elements to be minimized. In the given study to intensify decomposition of soils we applied the microwave sample preparation system MULTIWAVE (Anton Paar, Austria and Perkin-Elmer, USA) equipped with rotor from 6 autoclaves with TEM reaction chambers of 50 ml volume. 

Handbook of XPS, C. D. Wagner, published by PHI (Perkin Elmer). This is a book of XPS data, invaluable as a standard reference source. 

Perkin-Elmer Physical Electronics Division, Eden Prairie, MN, model 7000 SALI/TOF-SIMS instrument. 

E Blair. Fison Instruments, private communication J. Callaghan. Turner Scientific, private communication and C. Fisher. Perkin-Elmer, private communication. 

Perkin Elmer Instruments 761 Main Avenue Norwalk CT 06859 USA... 

A low volume (0.2 pi) Valeo sample valve was employed with one end of the open tube connected directly to the valve and the other connected directly to the sensor cell of the detector. The UV detector was the LC 85B manufactured by Perkin Elmer, and specially designed to provide low dispersion with a sensor volume of about 1.4 pi. The total variance due to extra-column dispersion was maintained at... 

Wagner, C.D., Riggs, W.M., Davis, L.E., Moulder, J.F. and Muilenberg, G.E., Handbook of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Perkin-Elmer Corporation, Physical Electronics Division, Eden Prairie, MN, 1979. 

Shushan, B., in Views, Fall 1994 (Perkin-Elmer newsletter), pp. 16—17. 

The PIA-investigations were carried out under dynamic vacuum (p< 10 5 mbar) and at 77 K with films cast from toluene solution onto KBr substrates. For the dispersive method [29, 30] the globar, the KBr-prism premonochromator, and the grating monochromator of a Perkin Elmer 125 lR-spcctrometer were used in the spectral range of 0.25 to 1.24 eV. The pump beam was chopped mechanically... 

Figure 16-27. DSC thermograms of Oocl-OPV5 (left) and Oocl-OPV5-CN (right), recorded on a Perkin Elmer 7 scries (hernial analysis system at healing and cooling rales of 10 C mill"1.

A T Rhys Williams, Fluorescence Detection in Liquid Chromatography, Perkin-Elmer, Beaconsfield, 1980... 

All instruments should be equipped with a background correction facility. Virtually all instruments now have a deuterium arc background correction. The Zeeman system is also available in instruments marketed by the Perkin-Elmer Corporation and the Smith-Hieftje system by Thermo Electron Ltd. 

Figures 2 through 9 are infrared spectra of fractions collected from partition columns, gas chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, or a combination of these separation techniques. Figure 10 is the infrared spectrum of a compound isolated by gas chromatography after hydrolysis of a pyrethrum concentrate. In this case the compound is a long-chain ester. All the infrared spectra were made with a Perkin-Elmer Model 221 instrument. The following operating parameters were used. A liquid demountable cell with a 0.01-mm path length was employed.

Infrared spectra were recorded on a Perkin-Elmer Model 521 spectrophotometer and 10-15% (w/v) polymer solutions were used. A pair of Perkin-Elmer solution cells with sodium chloride windows were used to hold the sample solution and reference solvent. 

A conventional chromatographic technique utilizing an instrument at least equal in performance to the highest sensitivity range of the Perkin Elmer Vapor Phase Fractometer Model 154 shall be used. A two meter elution column... 

SORPTOMETER (PERKIN-ELMER). This method is essentially a gas-chromatographic technique with the sample powder in place of the normal chromatographic column. A mixt of He and N2 is passed thru the sample and the concn of N2 in the exit gas is measured by thermal conductivity or gas-density methods,... 

Measurements. Infra-red spectra for the region 600-4000 cm-1 were measured with a Perkin-Elmer Model 710B spectrometer on samples pressed in KBr pellets. Magnetic susceptibilities were measured with a vibrating sample magnetometer (Princeton Applied Physics) as previously described.(4)... 

Princeton Applied Research (belongs to Perkin Elmer Instruments)... 

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