Perkin Elmer system

Displays and allows modification of the current program parameters. 

Sets up the Graphics Plotter 2 for plotting during data acquisition. 

Allows for manual termination of data acquisition and storage. 

Terminates data acquisition and automatically cools the analyzer to the starting temperature. 

Overrides the upper temperature limit during data acquisition. 

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Samples were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy with a Perkin Elmer (Spectrum BX) spectrometer using KBr pressed disks as matrices. The DRIFT experiments were carried out with a Broker IFS 55 spectrometer equipped with a Thermo Spectra Tech reacting cell. UV-vis Diffuse Reflectance spectra were recorded on a Perkin Elmer Lambda 45 spectrophotometer equipped with a diffuse reflectance attachment. Raman spectra were collected with Perkin Elmer system 2000 NIR FT-Raman using as excitation radiation the 5th harmonic of a diode pumped Nd YAG laser (1065 nm). 

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) is useful for identifying organic and inorganic compounds by comparison with library references. Perkin Elmer System 2000 offers near IR, mid IR, far IR 15,000-15,030 cm, transmittance (T), specular reflectance (SR Ref. 6) and diffuse reflectance (DR), horizontal and vertical attenuated total reflectance (ATR) microscope (>10-gm spot, 10,000-10,580 cmy ... 

Calculated from areas obtained when using Perkin Elmer System I electronic integrator with a chromatographic flow rate of 2.77 mL/min. 

Elemental composition of the calcined AIPO4 was determined by SEM-EDX (JEOL-JSM 6300, 20 kV). TG-DTA measurements were performed in flowing Ar (293-1173 K, 10 K min ) using a Setaram thermobalance Setsys-12. XRD patterns (CuK radiation) were developed in a Siemens D-5000 diffractometer. FT-Raman spectra were taken from compacted samples at 3600-200 cm (resolution 0.2 cm ), using a Perkin-Elmer System 2000 spectrometer. XPS were recorded on a Leybold-Heraeus LHS-10 spectrometer (at 10 Torr) using Al Ka radiation and a pass energy constant of 50 eV. A1, P and MAS-NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker ACP-400 spectrometer. DRIFT spectra (4000-400 cm resolution 8 cm 256 scans) were recorded on a Bomem MB-100 FT-IR instrument equipped with an environmental chamber placed in a DRIFT attachment. DRIFT spectra were recorded for calcined materials (200 mesh size and diluted to 15 wt% KBr) previously vacuum-dried at 400 K for 24... 

Generally in commercial apparatus, no device is used to prevent solvent back--flow. In the Perkin-Elmer system, a small glass bead column is used on each solvent line to limit this back-flow to the reservoir, but it cannot prevent it completely. The Varian pumps can be supplied with a pneumatic valve which suppresses back-flow and reduces the inconveniences. 

The surface modification was further followed by FTIR (ATR) spectroscopy on a Perkin-Elmer System 2000. Analysis was performed with an internal reflection element (GaAs crystal, 45° incidence angle) with 100 scans co-addition and a resolution of 4 cm . The insoluble, inert PTFE was cut into thin microtome slices between 150-500 nm and analyzed in transmission mode. 

S-2500 Hitachi Thermo NORAN equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer and prior to the SEM studies the surface was gold or carbon-coated using a vacuum evaporator Edwards Auto 306. A Perkin Elmer System One spectrometer was used to obtain the FTIR spectrums while a Goniometre C diffractometer, incorporating a cobalt radiation (k = 1.78892 A) was used to obtain the X-ray diffraction patterns. 

A 7-mg sample of naphazoline hydrochloride was heated using a Perkin-Elmer System 4 Thermogravimetric Analyzer from 40°C to 298°C at a linear rate of 20°C/min. The dmg substance exhibited a gradual weight loss near the melting range (Figure 10). 

The middle infrared (MIR) spectra were obtained with FTIR spectrometers (Nicolet 60SX, resolution = 2 cm Perkin Elmer System 2000, resolution 2cm , both the spectrometers equipped with deuterated triglycine sulfate, DTGS, detector), either by transmission through self-supporting silica disks or from diffuse reflectance of silica powder. Silica disks pressed under 50 MPa could be evacuated with a residual pressure under 10 Pa. The spectra are shown in a normalized absorbance scale, according to... 

Fourier transform-infra-red (FT-IR) analysis was performed on a Perkin Elmer System-2000 instrument. 

The differential power supplied is recorded as the ordinate versus the program temperature as the abscissa. The operating principles of the Perkin Elmer system are described [142] and the advantages are indeed very subtle and it is probably true to say that both DSC and DTA instruments can yield valuable information. Figure 17.70 shows a schematic representation of the DSC control loops—one loop controls the average temperature Tp, so that the sample and reference may be increased at a predetermined rate, which is recorded. The second loop ensures that if a temperature difference does occur between the sample and reference, the power imput is adjusted to correct this difference. This is the so-called null-balance principle. 

WP-270) and C NMR (Bruker NR-80). Thermal analysis (DSC, TMA, TGA) is performed with a Perkin Elmer System 2. 

Raman spectra were collected on a Perkin Elmer System NIR FT-Raman interferometer (Perkin Elmer Instruments, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) using 1064 nm laser excitation with a power of 200 mW as described by Salomonsen et al The range 650-1800 cm was used in the data analysis. 

These techniques have been discussed by Castle and McClure [51] who applied the Perkin Elmer system 2000 TGA-FT-IR interface system to thermal decomposition studies on PVC-polyvinyl acetate copolymers. They identified acetic acid and hydrogen chloride as two of the decomposition products. 

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of unvulcanized and vulcanized blends was measured using a Perkin Elmer System 2000 to characterize the... 

Thermal analysis (DSC, TGA, TMA) of the block copolymers was performed on a Perkin-Elmer System 2 and System 4. Experiments were carried out under a helium or nitrogen atmosphere using a heating rate of 10°C per minute. The DSC and TMA scans were started at -140°C, whereas thermal degradation studies (TG) began at 50 C. During TMA measurements, a constant load of 10 g was employed. 

A Perkin-Elmer System 2000 FT-IR was fit with a TG/IR accessory and a GC/IR accessory. The TG/IR accessory used a deuterated triglycine sulfate (DTGS) detector. The spectra of the evolved gases were acquired and four scans co-added to generate each TG/IR time slice, corresponding to approximately a 3 C rise in TG program temperature. The GC/IR accessory was fit with a liquid nitrogen cooled, narrow band mercury-cadmium-telluride (MCT). GC/K. spectra were acquired, co-added and stored to disk at a rate of approximately 0.7 spectra per second. 

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