Sample preparation microwave

H. M. Kingston and L. B. Jassie, eds.. Introduction to Microwave Sample Preparation, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C. 1988. 

The methods I- 4 of sample preparation are classics. As a mle they give a high value of blank and some of them take a lot of time. Microwave sample preparation is perspective, more convenient and much more faster procedure than classical mineralization. There are some problems with the combination Cendall-Kolthoff s kinetic method and microwave sample preparation which discussed. The experimental data of different complex organic matrix are demonstrated (food products on fat, peptides, hydrocarbone matrix, urine etc). 

Analysis of soils is an important task in the environmental researches. Reliability of ICP-MS results of soil analysis mainly depends on chemical sampling. Recently microwave systems are widely used for preparation of different samples. Influence of microwave radiation on sample ensures a complete decomposition of sample, greatly increases the mineralization, and allows possible losses of volatile elements to be minimized. In the given study to intensify decomposition of soils we applied the microwave sample preparation system MULTIWAVE (Anton Paar, Austria and Perkin-Elmer, USA) equipped with rotor from 6 autoclaves with TEM reaction chambers of 50 ml volume. 

Comparing results obtained by concerned decomposition techniques with the data certified (recommended), the two-stage microwave sample preparation procedure is preferable. 

In microwave sample preparation the following processes may be distinguished ... 

As microwave sample preparation has evolved, standard microwave procedures have been developed and approved by numerous standard methods organisations (ASTM, AOAC International, EPA, etc.), see ref. [64]. Examples are standard test methods for carbon black/ash content (ASTM Method D 1506-97), lead analysis in direct paint samples (ASTM Method E 1645-94), etc. Table 8.15 shows some microwave ashing references (detection weight). A French AFNOR method utilises the atmospheric pressure single-mode microwave method as an alternative sample preparation procedure for Kjeldahl nitrogen determination [84], The performance of a microwave-assisted decomposition for rapid determination of glass fibre content in plastics for QC has been described [85]. 

Association Franjaise de Normalisation, Kjeldahl Nitrogen Determination with Microwave Sample Preparation, Rept NF V03-100 (1992). 

Introduction to microwave sample preparation, Kinston, H. M., Jassie, L. B. (eds.), ACS Professional Reference Ser., Washington, American Chemical Society, 1989... 

Labrecque, J., in Microwave Sample Preparation—Theory and Practice, Edited by Kingston,... 

Future generations will incorporate advances in both hardware and software to provide systems that are even more efficient, flexible, and intelHgent. TTiey will have new sensor technology to improve specificity, increase sensitivity, and lower detection Hmits. Some progress has been made in this respect by a number of workers using microwave sample preparation techniques on-Hne, for example. 

H.M. KINGSTON and L.B. JASSIE, "Introduction to Microwave Sample Preparation", American Chemical Society, Washington D.C., 1980. 

White Jr., R.T. Open reflux vessels for microwave digestion botanical, biological, and food samples for elemental analysis. In Kingston, H.M., lassie, L.B. (eds.) Introduction to Microwave Sample Preparation. Theory and Practice. ACS, Washington, DC (1988)... 

Kingston, H.M., Walter, P.J. The art and science of microwave sample preparations for trace and ultratrace elemental analysis. In Montaser, A. (ed.) Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, pp. 33-81. Wiley-VCH, New York (1998)... 

The earliest commercial laboratory microwave units with pressure and temperature feedback control, which were developed in 1989 and 1992, respectively, afforded a more rigorous design and control of microwave sample preparation procedures. 

Atmospheric pressure (open-vessel) microwave sample preparation can be as effective a method as closed-vessel microwave sample preparation methods or even more so. The use of atmospheric pressure provides substantial advantages over pressurized vessels, namely ... 

For more detailed di.scussions of microwave sample preparation and commercial instrumentation, see H. M. Kingston and S. J. Haswell, Microwaye-Eninmced Chemistry Fundamentals, Sample Preparation and Applications. Washington, DC American Chemical Society, 1997 B. E. Erickson. Ano/. Chem., 1998, 70. 467A-471A R. C. Richter, D. Link, and H. M. King.ston, Ann/. Chem., 2001, 73. 31A-37A. 

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