Percent trade

The feed rate of chlorine and sodium chlorite is linked to the feed of chlorine dioxide because these are the primary chemicals used in most generation systems. The most common sources of chlorine are compressed gas and liquid sodium hypochlorite (12 percent trade is a common solution strength). Sodium chlorite is commonly used as a solid (about 65 percent sodium chlorite) and as a 25 percent strength solution. 

Dowex is the trade name of Dow resins X (followed by a numeral) is percent cross-linked. Mesh size (dry) are available in the range 50 to 100, 100 to 200, 200 to 400, and sometimes minus 400. 

The nameplate capacity of worldwide methanol plants is given by country in Table 2 (27). A significant portion of this capacity is based on natural gas feedstock. Percent utilization is expected to remain in the low 90s through the mid-1990s. A principal portion of this added capacity is expected to continue to come from offshore sources where natural gas, often associated with cmde oil production, is valued inexpensively. This has resulted in the emergence of a substantial international trade in methanol. In these cases, the cost of transportation is a relatively larger portion of the total cost of production than it is for domestic plants. 

A number of high melting poiat semiaromatic nylons, iatroduced ia the 1990s, have lower moisture absorption and iacreased stiffness and strength. Apart from nylon-6 /6,T (copolymer of 6 and 6,T), the exact stmcture of these is usually proprietary and they are identified by trade names. Examples iaclude Zytel HTN (Du Pont) Amodel, referred to as polyphthalamide or PPA (Amoco) and Aden (Mitsui Petrochemical). Properties for polyphthalamide are given ia Table 2. A polyphthalamide has been defined by ASTM as "a polyamide ia which the residues of terephthaUc acid or isophthahc acid or a combination of the two comprise at least 60 molar percent of the dicarboxyhc acid portion of the repeating stmctural units ia the polymer chain" (18). 

Accounts payable, also called trade credit, are the major source of short-term financing. Accounts payable normally amount to about 40 percent of the current liabihties of a manufacturing company. Such short-term financing is relatively expensive when available discounts are lost. 

Supplier Notification. In 1989 and subsequent years, suppliers of facilities in SIC codes 20-39 are required to develop and distribute a notice if the mixtures or trade name products that they manufacture or process, and subsequently distribute, contain listed toxic chemicals. These notices are distributed to other companies in SIC codes 20-39 or to companies that sell the product to facilities in SIC codes 20-39. tf a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is not required for the mixture or trade name product, the notification must be in written form (i.e., letter or attachment to a MSDS). Otherwise, the notice must be incorporated into or attached to the MSDS for that product. The supplier notification requirement began with the first shipment of a product in 1989 and must accompany the first shipment each year thereafter. In addition, a new or revised notice must be sent if a change occurs in the product which affects the weight percent of a listed chemical or if it is discovered that a previous notice did not property identify the chemicals or the percentage by weight. For more information on supplier notification, see Appendix E. 

Specific percentage by weight of a toxic chemical In the mixture or trade name product to be a trade secret, your notice to customers must contain a statement that the chemical Is present at a concentration that does not exceed a specified upper bound. For example, if a mixture contains 12 percent toluene and you consider the percentage a trade secret, the notification may state that the mixture contains toluene at no more than 15 percent by weight. The upper bound value chosen must be no larger than necessary to adequately protect the trade secret. 

Formerly known as Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA). A trade association of chemical manufacturers, representing more than 90 percent of the production for basic industrial chemicals in the US. Administers research in areas significant to chemical manufacturing such as air and water pollution control operates Chemical Transportation Emergency Center (CHEMTREC) to control and report chemical accidents. ACC is organized by industrial groups and also by issue groups that sen>e as coordinators and advocators in their fields of specializations. 

One feature of the new law is an SO, trading allowance program that encourages the use of market-based principles to reduce pollution. Utilities may trade allowances within their system and/or buy or sell allowances to and from other affected sources. For example, plants that emit SO, at a rate below 1.2 Ib/million Btu will be able to increase emissions by 20 percent between a baseline year and the year 2000. Also, bonus allowances will be distributed to accommodate growth by units in states with a statewide average below 0.8 Ib/million Btu. 

Arabia, the largest OPEC oil producer. OPEC produces about 40 percent of the world s crude oil output and It supplies about 45 percent of all traded petroleum. In total, almost 60 percent of the world s crude oil extraction is exported from about forty-five hydrocarbon-producing countries—but the six largest exporters (Saudi Arabia, Iran, Russia, Norway, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates) sell just over 50 percent of the traded total. In contrast, more than 130 countries import crude oil and refined oil products besides the United States, the largest buyers are Japan, Germany, France, and Italy. 

About 20 percent of the world s natural gas production was exported during the late 1990s, three-quarters of it through pipelines, and the rest by LNG tankers. The former Soviet Union, Canada, the Netherlands, and Norway are the largest pipeline exporters, while Indonesia, Algeria, and Malaysia dominate the LNG trade. The largest importers of piped gas are the United States, Germany, Italy, and France Japan and South Korea buy most of the LNG. 

Jerome O. Nriagu. The Rise and Fall of Leaded Gasoline. The Science of the Total Environment. 92 (1990) 13-28. An authoritative history of leaded gasoline. The source for airplane octane lead industry pays Kehoe s salary one of few environmentally unsafe products forced out of market place one of top 10 chemicals in U.S. Esso slogan compression ratio and valve seat recession Kettering about automobile at crossroads, Europe versus U.S. 90 percent all U.S. gas and 80 percent worldwide autos after 20 years of TEL TEL drove U.S. transport lead removed from Ethyl trade name and Ethyl s control of publications and environment to be monitored by voluntary self-regulation, not legislation. 

Fig. 2 Flow chart of e-waste trade. Data based on the COMTRADE-based calculations from Lepwasky and McNabb [16], values in percent of whole trade volume between named regions...

And 1979 advanced our continuing "private" trade relationship to 2.3 billion, but we must remember that fully fifty percent of that figure reflects U.S. agricultural sales to China. 

People s Republic of China is not a major trading nation by international standards. The total trade of the United States is about 15 times that of China, and it was only in 1973 that the level of the mainland part of China s foreign trade surpassed that of Taiwan. Also, China s total international trade is a relatively low percentage of its gross national product—about six percent. Yet this is not surprising for a major country that has a massive population, a large domestic market and low per capita income. 

China is an increasingly competitive market. Out of China s total economic activity, only about six percent is devoted to foreign trade. To become part of that small percentage requires the utmost patience, tact and skill. 

LNG is actively traded in international commerce. In 2003 LNG was about 13 percent of gas imports to the United States but only 2 percent of gas consumption. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects (Annual Energy Outlook 2004) that gas imports will grow to 5.5 Tft in 2010 and to 7.2 TfU in 2025, with nearly all the increased volume being LNG. 

This field has been well reviewed by B. J. Tighe.(82) The polymers, for the most part, are polyesters. Poly(glycolic acid) (83) is widely used in sutures under the trade name of DEXON. Poly(lactic acid) is also used.(84) A copolymer of 92/8 mole percent poly(glycolic acid)/poly(lactic acid) (85,86) is another alternative. 

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