Chemical reporting

The first-stage catalysts for the oxidation to methacrolein are based on complex mixed metal oxides of molybdenum, bismuth, and iron, often with the addition of cobalt, nickel, antimony, tungsten, and an alkaU metal. Process optimization continues to be in the form of incremental improvements in catalyst yield and lifetime. Typically, a dilute stream, 5—10% of isobutylene tert-huty alcohol) in steam (10%) and air, is passed over the catalyst at 300—420°C. Conversion is often nearly quantitative, with selectivities to methacrolein ranging from 85% to better than 95% (114—118). Often there is accompanying selectivity to methacrylic acid of an additional 2—5%. A patent by Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals reports selectivity to methacrolein of better than 97% at conversions of 98.7% for a yield of methacrolein of nearly 96% (119). 

Phosphoms and Phosphoms Chemicals Report," Chemical Economics Handbook SRI International, Menlo Park, Calif., 1991, 1995, pp. 760.2000A-760.2001R. 

In addition to chemicals covered under TRI, many other chemicals are released. For example, the EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards has compiled air pollutant emission factors for determining the total air emissions of priority pollutants (e.g., VOCs, SO, NO, CO, particulates, etc.) from many refinery sources. The EPA Office of Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS) contains a wide range of information related to stationary sources of air pollution, including the emissions of a number of air pollutants which may be of concern within a particular industry. With the exception of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), there is little overlap with the TRI chemicals reported above. 

Amacher DE, Zelljadt I. 1983. The morphological transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells by chemicals reportedly nonmutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium. Carcinogenesis 4 291-295. 

Mackay, D. Paterson, S. "Fugacity Models for Predicting the Environmental Behavior of Chemicals", report prepared for Environment Canada 1982. 

Chang PV, Prescher JA, Hangauer MJ, Bertozzi CR (2007) Imaging cell surface glycans with bioorthogonal chemical reporters. J Am Chem Soc 129 8400-8401... 

Chemical Reporting and Recordkeeping Authorities under 15 Environmental and Consumer Acts, (EPA Report 560/3-78-001) 1978... 

H.A. Painter, Environmental Effects of Chemicals Report DOE 1237—M /1, Water Research Center, Medmenham, UK, 1986. 

Singh HB, Salas LJ, Smith A, et al. 1979a. Atmospheric measurements of selected toxic organic chemicals. Report to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Sciences Research Laboratory, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Department, Research Triangle Park, NC, by SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 3-4, 28, 33, 35. 

Table 1.3. Top 20 chemicals reported under TRI whose emissions changed significantly over...

Xiangyang, Y. (2002) China is making a vigorous development of DMC. China Chemical Reporter, October 16, p. 16. 

Anon. 2001b. Lactic acid depending on export (market report) China Chemical Reporter, November, 26th (online publication at http //www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp DOCID=lGl 80637162 =5). 

More than a decade after the publication of the MoVNb catalyst system, scientists at Mitsubishi Chemical reported that modifying this family of mixed metal oxides with Te produced a catalyst for the amoxidation of propane to acrylonitrile [4] and the oxidation of propane to acrylic acid [5], Modification of the Union Carbide catalyst system with Te was probably not a random choice as it is a known propylene activator [5 b] and the molybdate phase TeMoO oxidizes propylene into acrolein and ammoxidizes propylene to acrylonitrile [6], a key intermediate in the commercial production of acrylic acid using Mo-based oxides. Significant efforts to optimize this and related mixed metal oxides continues for the production of both acrylic acid and acrylonitrile, with the main participants being Asahi, Rohm Hass, BASF, and BP. 

Numerous reviews on coffee flavor have been published over the past few years (1, 2, 3 ). So far, more than 700 components have been characterized in roasted coffee. Therefore, approximatly 20 % of the 4000 chemicals reported in the "List of Volatile Compounds in Food" edited by TNO (4 ) may be consumed by drinking coffee. 

Aniline Supply Demand Balance and Stable Price in China, China Chemical Reporter, 11... 

Demand Growth of Acrylonitrile Faster than Output Increase, China Chemical Reporter, 14 (30), pg. 18, October 26, 2003. 

Number of irrelevant + false positive chemicals reported... 

Figure 16. Overview of irrelevant and false positive chemicals, reported by participants in proficiency tests 1-10...

Prior to the evaluation, all test chemicals reported by the participants are categorized into (1) spiking chemicals, (2) chemicals, such as impurities, which are not used for scoring, (3) irrelevant chemicals, or (4) false positive chemicals. Spiking chemicals and non-scorable chemicals will undergo full evaluation, whereas the reporting of irrelevant and/or false positive chemicals immediately results in failure of the test. 

More than five years have passed since division of the Lophophora genus to include these possibly new species was proposed (detailed morphological descriptions can be found in The Journal of Ethnopharmacology 7 and in Anderson s book). To date, botanists seem skeptical, although few have done relevant field work. Schultes comments that he hasn t seen the plants in question but doubts that there are significant differences. Anderson severely criticizes the descriptions provided by the collectors and says about the chemical reports issued in 1977 and 1978 that they "do not clarify the status of these taxa, especially when L fricii from Coahuila and within the... 

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