Paints databases

The obtained analytical data allow a conclusion to be drawn about whether the compared paint samples could have originated from the same coat of paint or not. If the reference material (i.e. from the suspect) is not available, only establishment of the kind of paint and the type of paint coat is possible. In the case of automobile paints, it is also possible to find the model of car involved in an accident. Eor this purpose, analytical data are compared with a database containing information about the type of paint coatings (layering, chemical composition of each layer) used in various types and models of vehicles in Europe. Such a collection has existed in Europe since 1995 and is updated every year with information on new products. Experts from many criminalistic laboratories have participated in its creation. Comparison with such a database provides information about the make and model of the vehicle involved in the incident and its year of production. It is thus helpful in identifying the perpetrator s vehicle. It should be emphasised that identifying the make and year of production of a vehicle on the basis of a paint database only applies to vehicles with a factory-new coat of paint. 

IR spectra also constitute the starting point for the research of vehicles involved in hit-and-run accidents databases are built containing IR information of every layer characterizing manufactured vehicles. Some important examples are the European Collection of Automotive Paints (EUCAP) Database and the FBI/RCMP Paint Data Query (PDQ) Automotive Paint Database. 

Washington, DC 20036 For hearing impaired TDD 800-526-5456 fax 202-659-1192 e-mail ehc cais.com http //www.nsc.org/nsc/ehc/ehc.html Technical information for lead abatement professionals or landlords, buyers, sellers of property with lead paint. Database with summary of educational materials from various sources. Newsletter on lead poisoning prevention issues Lead Inform. ... 

Introductory page, with links to (main headings only) Alchemical music from Atalanta fugiens Searchable database of alchemical emblems [500 + images] Paintings and other artwork Images from manuscripts and books Images of alchemical apparatus Alchemical symbols for substances, processes and equipment Other material... 

Figure 11 shows the ATR-FTIR spectrum acquired from the surface of the white-colored paint sample after the paint had been dried. Figure 12 shows the closest spectral library database matches obtained Figure 13 compares the spectrum of the surface of the white-colored paint sample with that of a reference library spectrum of a vinyl toluene-modified alkyd. The binder from the dried... 

Figure 12 FTIR spectral library database matches to the spectrum shown in Figure 9 obtained from the dried white-colored paint sample.

The forward search starts from the name of a chemical compound, proceeds to finding its molecular structure, and then its physical and chemical properties, such as the boiling point, melting point, density, etcetera, in a handbook. Many databases for single compounds are also organized by classes and families of similar structures. Fluid solutions represent the next level of complexity. For the most important fluids, such as water, air, and some refrigerants, we can find extensive tables for the thermal properties of mixtures. For complex fluids, such as paint and emulsion, which are difficult to characterize and to reproduce, specialized books and journals should be consulted. The properties of some crystalline solids can be found, but usually not for multicrystal composite and amorphous solids. 

HDI and HDI prepolymers can be released to the atmosphere during spray applications of polymer paints containing residual amounts (0.5-1.0%) of monomeric HDI (Alexandersson et al. 1987 Hulse 1984 Karol and Hauth 1982). These substances could also be released to the atmosphere from waste streams from sites of HDI or polymer production. No information is available in the Toxic Chemical Release Inventory database on the amoimt of HDI released to the atmosphere from facihties that produce or process HDI because this compound is not included under SARA, Title 111, and therefore, is not among the chemicals that facilities are required to report (EPA 1995). There is also a potential for atmospheric release of HDI from hazardous waste sites however, no information was found on detections of HDI in air at any NPL or other Superfund hazardous waste sites (1996). Beeause of the relatively rapid reaction of HDI with hydroxyl radicals in the atmosphere an possible hydrolysis (see Seetion 5.3.2.1), significant atmospheric concentrations are not expeeted to oeeur exeept near emission sourees. 

Traces are identified by determining their chemical composition and certain physicochemical properties, and comparison with reference material (database) or comparative material collected from the suspect. Criminalistic laboratories create extensive databases on the physical features and production of glass, paints, papers, fabrics and other materials, as well as collecting thousands of samples for comparison purposes. 

Scenario selector Allows screening a set of scenarios or selecting the best scenario. Integration with other software AweSim is built on a relational database that can be accessed with tools such as Dbase, Access, FoxPro, and Excel. AweSim provides the capability to exchange data between its input and output files and these tools. Graphical elements produced by CAD, drawing, or paint programs can also be loaded into AweSim. 

The mnral samples also contained caseins, alpha SI (six peptides) and beta (five peptides), indicating that milk proteins had been used at some point, either in the original painting or in an undocumented restoration effort. The database searches identified the alpha-casein as originating from sheep despite the 97% similarity in the seqnence of the protein in sheep and goat. 

The results confirm that species-specific determination of proteins in archival samples is possible. Egg proteins, including yolk protein, were identified, as were proteins from sheep mUk the latter were unexpected. It is suggested that it is feasible to build a database of proteotypic peptides to more readily identify binders used in paints. 

Various databases list the paint and varnish products and their composition generally applied in Europe, see Table 18.3.2). 

Shared databases are becoming the wellsprings of the scientific method. The human genome databases made it possible for genetic researchers to discover all that is known about particular sequences of human DNA base pairs simply by comparing a sequence with those already recorded in the database. The capture of the genetic sequences of all life forms will confer this power on anyone interested enough to ask the question. Similar scenarios may be painted for all scientific information. 

When samples are not discriminated, the problem of the interpretation of evidence becomes primordial and much more difficult. There is some need to know the risk or the probability that two items come from different sources, but are not discriminated. This is expressed by the discrimination power of the attribute analyzed that defines the effectiveness of that attribute to differentiate samples in forensic science. Extensive databases are used to compute the probability that two randomly selected samples will be discriminated when the attribute is analyzed or measured. This probability is, in effect, the discrimination power that has been calculated for uncorrelated, correlated, and continuous variables such as blood grouping systems, drugs, glass, paints, etc. 

Meding B (1986) Contact dermatitis from tetrachloroisophtalo-nitrile in paint. Contact Dermatitis 15 187 Mellstrom G, Boman A (1997) Protective gloves test results compiled in a database. In Brune D, Gerhardsson G, Crockford GW, D Auria D (eds) Fundamentals of health, safety and welfare. (The workplace, vol 1) International Occupational Safety and Health Information Centre (CIS) International Labour Office, Geneva and Scandinavian Science Publishers, Oslo, pp 716-730 Moura C, Dias M, Vale T (1994) Contact dermatitis in painters, pohshers and varnishers. Contact Dermatitis 31 51-53 Munro CS, Lawrence CM (1992) Occupational contact dermatitis from triglycidyl isocyanurate in a powder paint factory. Contact Dermatitis 26 59... 

The requirement is often to paint the general scenario rapidly and then refine it later. The sequence shown in Fig. 4.3 is for the plastic body it can be copied and modified for metal-bodied sharpeners hence leveraging the database. 

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