Ocimum basilicum, oil

SYNS BASIL OIL, EUROPEAN TYPE (FCC) BASIL OIL, SWEET OCIMUM BASILICUM OIL OIL OF BASIL OILS, BASIL... 

Uses Natural flavoring agent in foods botanical in cosmetics Regulatory FDA 21CFR 182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib. Bio-Botanica http //www.bio-botanica.com, Chart http //www.chartcorp.com, Flavex Naturextrakte GmbH http //www.fiavex.com Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil CAS 8015-73-4 FEMA 2119... 

Synonyms Basil oil Basil oil, European type Basil oil, sweet Ocimum basilicum Ocimum basilicum oil Sweet basil oil... 

Basil oil Basil oil, European type Basil oil, sweet. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil Basil oleoresin. See Oleoresin basil Basin . See Propylene glycol Basis LP-20. See Lecithin Basis LP-20H. See Hydrogenated lecithin Basis LS-60. See Lecithin Basis LS-60HR. See Hydrogenated lecithin Basocoii CM. See Melamine-formaldehyde resin... 

Ocimum basilicum Ocimum basilicum extract. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) extract Ocimum basilicum oil. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil... 

Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) oil Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) extract Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) oil Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea) Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinaiis) Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinaiis) oii Balsam Peru (Myroxyion pereirae) Balsam Peru (Myroxyion pereirae) oii Balsam tolu (Myroxyion balsamum) Barley (Hordeum distichon) extract Basil (Ocimum basilicum) Basil, bush (Ocimum minimum) Basil (Ocimum basilicum) extract Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil Bay (Pimenta acris) oil Benzoin (Styrax benzoin) extract ... 

Basil oil, methylchavicol-type (Reunion type, exotic type) is obtained by steam distillation of the flowering tops or whole plants of Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae). This oil is produced mainly in Reunion, the Comores, Madagascar, and the Seychelles. It is a light yellow liquid with a fresh, green, spicy odor characteristic of methylchavicol (estragole) [140-67-0]. 

Basil Oil, Comoros Type, occurs as a light yellow liquid with a spicy odor. It is obtained by steam distillation of the flowering tops or the entire plant of Ocimum basilicum L. (Fam. Lamiaceae). It may be distinguished from other types, such as basil oil, European type, by its camphoraceous odor and physicochemical constants. It is soluble in most fixed oils and, with turbidity, in mineral oil. One milliliter is soluble in 20 mL of propylene glycol with slight haziness, but it is insoluble in glycerin. 

Ethyl dihydrocinnamate Illicium anisatum (Illiciaceae), Agastache spp., Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae), Magnolia kobus (Magnoliaceae), Myrcia acris (Myrtaceae), Firms sp. (Pinaceae), Piper betel (Piperaceae), Citrus spp., Dictamnus alba (Rutaceae) [oil] Vitis vinifera (Vitaceae) (wine) OD-R (flowery)... 

Ocimum basilicum (basil) (Lamiaceae), Myristicafragrans (nutmeg) (Myristicaceae) [oil], Pimento racemosa (Myrtaceae)... 

In 1996, Angers et al. (10) investigated the fatty acid composition of the seed oils of four species of basil, including Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum canum, Ocimum gratissimum, and Ocimum sanctum. Also, four total different varieties of Ocimum basilicum were tested. AU samples were compared with flaxseed oil and had similar fatty acid profiles in regard to a-linolenic, palmitic, and stearic acids. The flaxseed oil had 52% a-linolenic acid, and the basil seed oils had 57.4—62.5% a-linolenic acid (Table 2). The n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio of the flaxseed oil was 1 3.2, and... 

Oak. See Quercus Oak lace bugs, 194-95 Oak will, 194,395,395 Obliquebanded leafrollers,311,311 Ocimum basilicum. See Basil Oil sprays, 347,479-80 Okra, 154-55... 

Basil Oil There are two main varieties of basil Ocimum basilicum which is known as sweet basil and is the most common, and Ocimum gratissimum which is considered to represent the eugenol-rich oils. There seems to be a lot of confusion in the literature whether any particular commercial oil is from one plant type or the other. It is, however, generally agreed that the basil oils from Russia, Egypt, Morocco and other North African countries are the highest in eugenol content. Hell, I don t know. It seems like most every sample in T able XIV is full of it [combo from 2, vol. I (1978), p. 19, 2 vol. II, p. 20, 2 vol. Ill, p. 232]. 

Basil Oil (Ocimum basilicum) Normally, basil oil does not contain isoeugenol. B ut one study showed that the stuff grown in the East T urkey region of Erzurum has a content of 2.04%. 

ISO 11043 1998 Oil of basil, methylchavicol-type (Ocimum basilicum L.), International Organisation of Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland (1998)... 

Ocimum basilicum L (Basil). The oil of O. basilicum leaves (0.2-1.9%) from plants collected from different geographical locations exhibited chemical variation. Both leaves and flowering tops exhibited the same composition. While the first chemovariety contained mainly geranial (50%) and neral (31%), the second had mainly camphor (32%) and linalool (29%), and the third exclusively linalool (over 95%) (59). Many chemotypes of O. basilicum and other Ocimum spp. are known to exist. This shrub is widely used in Kenya to repel mosquitoes. Vapour from boiling leaves is used for nasal and bronchial catarrh, while a decoction of the roots is used for treatment of constipation and stomach pains (35). 

It has been observed by this author that the adaptability of an essential oil bearing plant to a dry habitat (xerophyte) or an environment that is neither too wet or too dry (mesophyte) has a profound effect upon the influence of water stress and intake on the oil yield. Fop example, xerophytic plants such as Coriandrum sativum, Salvia sclarea, Lavandula vera, Matricaria chamomilla, etc. produce an increased oil yield under moisture stress. In contrast, mesophytic plants such as Carum carvi, Levisticum officinale, Anethum graveolens, Ocimum basilicum etc. produce a decreased oil yield under moisture stress. They require a... 

Juvocimenes I and II are monoterpenoids isolated from the oil of sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum L. (Fig. (6)) (Table 4) [104]. These compounds demonstrate potent JH activity following application to last instar nymphs of the milkweed bug, O. fasciatus. Juvocimene II is approximately 10 times more active than juvocimene I, with biological activities (ED50) in the range of 5 pg and 50 pg, respectively [104]. Therefore, these compounds are far more potent then juvabione when applied to Oncopeltus [92]. The chemical data for these compounds are summarized in Appendix III, Table 1 and 2 and protocols for their chemical synthesis can be found in the references 105 and 106. 

Johnson, C.B., Kirby, J., Naxakis, G., and Pearson, S. Substantial UV-B-mediated induction of essential oils in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Phytochemistry 51, 507-510, 1999. 

Zabaras, D., and Wyllie, S.G. The effect of mechanical wounding on the composition of essential oil from Ocimum basilicum L. leaves. Molecules 6, 79-86, 2001. 

To investigate the potential of the SEME technique, comparisons have been made with hydrodistillation for extraction of essential oil from spices - ajowan Carum ajowan Apiaceae), cumin (Cuminum cyminum Umbdliferae), star anise Illicium anisatum Illiciaceae) - and from fresh aromatic herbs - basil ( Ocimum basilicum Labiaceae), crispate mint [Mentha crispa Labiaceae), thyme (Thymus vulgaris Labia-ceae) [59, 60]. The yields of essential oil and their chemical composition for the two extraction methods are reported in Table 22.4. 

Myrtaceae (myrtle), and Rutaceae (citrus) plant families. Table 1 provides examples of a few of the better known essential oils, the plants from which they are derived, and the major constituents found in each of these oils. It is important to note that the composition of these oils can vary dramatically, even within species. Factors impacting the composition include the part of the plant from which the oil is extracted (i.e., leaf tissue, fruits, stem, etc.), the phenological state of the plant, the season, the climate, the soil type, and other factors. As an example, rosemary oil collected from plants in two areas of Italy were demonstrated to vary widely in the concentrations of two major constituents, 1,8-cineole (7% to 55%) and a-pinene (11% to 30%) [6]. Such variation is not uncommon and has also been described for the oils derived from Ocimum basilicum [7] and Myrtus communis [8]. 

Fandohan, R, B. Gnonlonfin, A. Laleye, et al. 2008. Toxicity and gastric tolerance of essential oils from Cymbopogon citratus, Ocimum gratissimum and Ocimum basilicum in Wistar rats. Food Chem. Toxicol. 46(7) 2493-2497. 

Occurrence a-O. in genuine lavender oil 3%. /5-0. in sweet basil oil (Ocimum basilicum) and the essential oil of Tagetes minuta (Asteraceae) 41%. ... 

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