Peru-balsam oil

In 1899 Thoms isolated an alcohol from Peru balsam oil, which he termed peruviol. This body was stated to have powerful antiseptic properties, but has not been further investigated until Schimmel Co. took up the subject. The oil after saponification was fractionated, and after benzyl alcohol had distilled over, a light oil with characteristic balsamic odour passed over. It boiled at 125° to 127° at 4 mm., and had a specific gravity 0 8987, optical rotation -1- 12° 22, and refractive index 1-48982. This body appeared to be identical with Hesse s nerolidol, whilst in physical and chemical properties it closely resembles peruviol. The characters of the various preparations were as follows —... 

R = CH2C6Hs, C14H12O2, Mr 212.25, 6p2.okPa 170-171 °C, df 1.1121, ng 1.5680, is the main component of Peru balsam oil. It occurs in fairly large amounts in a number of blossom concretes and absolutes (e.g., tuberose and hyacinth). It forms either a viscous liquid or solid flakes mp 21 22°C) and has a weak, sweet-balsamic odor. It is prepared either by transesterification of technical methyl benzoate with benzyl alcohol, or from benzyl chloride and sodium benzoate. A third process starts with benzaldehyde which is converted in high yield into benzyl benzoate in the presence of sodium or aluminum benzylate (Tishchenko reaction). 

Peru balsam oil is obtained by distillation of the balsam of the tree Myroxylon pereira (Royle) Klotzsch (Fabaceae), called peru balsam. It is a yellow to pale brown, slightly viscous liquid, which may form crystals. The oil has a rather sweet, balsamic odor. 

Pennyroyal (aerial parts) Petitgrain (leaves) (orange) Peru balsam oil (exudate) Pimento (fruit)... 

Synonyms Balsam Peru oil Myroxylon pereirae Myroxylon pereirae oil Peru balsam oil... 

Persulfuric acid. See Peroxysulfuric acid Pe/tene . See Perchloroethylene Pertite. See Picric acid Peru balsam oil. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) oil... 

Its suave odor makes Peru balsam oil a very versatile perfume material that can be incorporated in almost any type of perfume base. Consists of esters of cinnamic and benzoic acid, vanillin, styracin (Indian balsam, China oil. Black balsam, Honduras balsam, Surinam balsam)... 

Synonyms Balsam of Peru Balsamum peruvianim Black balsam China oil Honduras balsam Indian balsam Peruvian balsam Surinam balsam Peru Balsams Balsam Peru oil Oil Balsam Peru Peru balsam Myroxylon pereirae klotzsch resin Myrosperum pereira balsam Toluifera pereira balsam Peru balsam oil Myroxylon pereirae klotzsch oil... 

Peru balsam oil, the oily portion (so-called cinnamein ) obtained from Peru balsam. Specific gravity at 15° C., 1 100-1 107 optical rotation, slightly dextro-rotatory up to + 2° refractive index at 20° C., 1 569 to 1 576 ester, calculated as benzyl benzoate, B0-B7 per cent. soluble in 1 volume of 90 per cent, alcohol. 

Styrene occurs naturally in benzoin, rosemary, sweetgum, cassia. Oriental styrax, and Peru balsam (Duke, 1992). Identified as one of 140 volatile constituents in used soybean oils collected from a processing plant that fried various beef, chicken, and veal products (Takeoka et al., 1996). 

Peru balsam is produced almost exclusively in El Salvador. The oil yield from the balsam is ca. 50%. Major components are benzyl benzoate and benzyl cinnamate. Nerolidol and vanillin contribute to the odor [284aj. 

As the rose essential and absolute oils are some of the most expensive oils in the market, they are likely to be adulterated. True essential oils may be diluted by the addition of chemicals such as phenylethyl alcohol, diethyl phthalate (DEP), citronellol and geraniol and with fractions from other essential oils such as geranium. The absolute may be adulterated with synthetic fractions of oils such as Peru balsam and clove bud absolute. 

Rudzki E, Grzywa Z. Immediate reactions to balsam of Peru, cassia oil and ethyl vanillin. Contact Dermatitis 1976 2(6) 360-1. 

Benzyl Alcohol, NF. Ben/yl alcohol (phenylcarbinol. phenylmethanol) occurs naturally as the unesteriried form in oil of jasmine and in esters of acetic, cinnamic, and benzoic acids in gum benzoin,. storax re.sin. Peru balsam, tolu balsam, and some volatile oils. It is. soluble in water and alcohol and is a clear liquid with an aromatic odor. 

Tolu balsam, a plastic solid, is derived from a related tree in Colombia. Its uses are similar to Peru balsam. Source of tolu oil. Odorless. 

Derivation Occurs naturally in Peru balsam and oils of orange flower, sweet orange, and ylang ylang. Also made synthetically. 

The oil is used for its excellent fixative properties in perfumes for soap and cosmetics. Use of Peru balsam itself is banned because it is allergenic. 

TRYPSIN/BALSAM PERU/CASTOR OIL (Granulex aerosol 0.12 mg trypsin/87 mg balsam peru/788 mg castor oil per g)... 

Trypsin/balsam peru/castor oil is a topical enzyme combination that physiologically debrides tissue and improves epi-thelization by reducing premature epithelial desiccation and comiflcation. It is used in acute and chronic conditions such as varicose ulcers, decubital ulcers, eschar, dehiscent wounds and sunburn relieves pain and promotes healing debrides eschar and necrotic tissue stimulates vascular bed improves epithelization and reduces odor from necrotic wounds. 

Ckmamyl alcohol (cinnamic alcohol, 3-phenyl-2-pro-pen-l-ol). H5C -CH=CH-CH20H, C,H, 0, Mr 134.17, ( )-form needles with a sweet-balsamy, hyacinth-like odor, mp. 33°C, bp. 258°C, bp. 142-145 C (1.86 kPa), readily soluble in alcohol and ether, it is slowly oxidized by atmospheric oxygen under warmer conditions and on exposure to light. It occurs mostly in the form of cinnamic acid esters (see cinnamic acid) in storax (oil), peru balsam, cinnamon leaf, narcissus, and hyacinth oils. 

Peru balsam, Peru oil. P. balsam is a dark red, viscous but still fluid mass. It is an oil-containing resin secreted when the bark of the indigenous Central American tree species Myroxylon pereirae (Fabaceae) is injured. P. oil is a yellow to light brown, somewhat viscous oil from which the contained cinnamic acid partially crystallizes and has an adhering, sweet, bal-samy odor and a warm bitter taste. 

Synonyms Balsam Peru Balsams, Myroxylon pereirae Black balsam China oil Indian balsam... 

Rudzki E, Grzywa Z (1976) Immediate reactions to balsam of Peru, cassia oil and ethyl vanillin. Contact Dermatitis 2 360 Rudzki E, Rebandel P, Grzywa Z (1993) Occupational dermatitis from cosmetic creams. Contact Dermatitis 29 210 Safford RJ, Basketter DA, Allenby CF, Goodwin BFJ (1990) Immediate contact reactions to chemicals in the fragrance mix and a study of the quenching action of eugenol. Br J Dermatol 123 595-606... 

Positive patch-test reactions to silicon-based impression materials, essential oils, colophony, Peru balsam. X-ray developers, waxes, fragrances and disinfectants have been reported (Kanerva et al. 1986 Hensten-Pettersen and Jacobsen 1990 Munksgaard et al. 1996 Richter 1996 Cleenewerck 1997). Occasionally, contact sensitizations to local anesthetics can still be found in dentists (Hensten-Pettersen and Jacobsen 1990 Rustemeyer et al. 1994). 

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