Nozzles pressure vessels

For those products having a low viscosity, less than 30,000 centipoise, it is possible to apply them by means of a pressure pot and some type of valve and nozzle. Pressure vessels for this purpose range from the small devices generally sold for materials such as cyanoacrylates up to paint-type pressure pots of several gallons. Dispensing valves can be manually operated or in some cases electric or air-operated automatic valves can be employed. Air spray guns, both manual and automatic, can sometimes be adapted for this use. A suitable fluid tip size is selected and the gun is used without the atomization air cap or air supply. This provides a convenient, inexpensive flow gun for use with products that do not require fluid pressures above the working pressure of the spray gun. 

Another option available with rotary vacuum dmm filters is fiiU enclosure. This enables operation under nitrogen or other atmospheres, for reasons such as safety, prevention of vapor loss, etc. Enclosure may also be used to prevent contamination of the material being filtered or to confine the spray from washing nozzles. The rotary dmm filter also can be enclosed in a pressure vessel and operated under pressure. 

Part UHT also contains more stringent details for nozzle welding that are required for some of these hi -strength materials. Part UCI has rules for cast-iron construction. Part UCL has rules for welded vessels of clad plate as lined vessels, and Part UCD has rules for ductile-iron pressure vessels. 

This family of filters consist of a vertical pressure vessel with a horizontal filter plate at the bottom. The filtrate from this equipment flows out a nozzle on the bottom of the filter. These devises are usually used for slurries where large amounts of solids are being collected. Variations of this equipment include equipment with removable lower heads for easy cake removal, ability to pressure or vacuum filter, ability to wash the filter cake, an agitator to break-up and rewash the filter cake, and heating or cooling jackets for the whole vessel. The Nutsche filter is the industrial version of the well known laboratory scale Buchner Funnel with the exception that it is designed to operate under either on vacuum or pressure. 

A eopv ol this specification is normally attached to a bid request form, which includes a pressure vessel specification sheet such as the one shown in Figure 12-4, This sheet contains schematic vessel drawings and pertinent specifications and thus defines the vessel in enough detail so the manufacturer can quote a price and so the operator can be sure that all quotes represent comparable quality. The vessel connections (nozzle schedules) are developed from mechanical flow diagrams. It is not necessary for the bidder to know the location of the nozzles to submit a quote or even to order material. 

As liquid flows out of the exit nozzle, it will swirl and create a vortex. Vortexing would carry the gas out with the liquid. Therefore, all liquid outlet nozzles should be equipped with a vortex breaker. Figure 12-0 shows several vortex breaker designs. Additional designs can be found in the Pressure Vessel Handbook. Most designs depend on baffles around or above the outlet to prevent swirling. 

Old vessels may not be as cheap as they seem at first sight. Nozzles and manways are often in the wrong plaee, and the eost of modifying them may make the vessel more expensive than a new one. A designer who was persuaded to use an old cylindrical pressure vessel ended up using the two dished ends and nothing more ... 

Corexit 9527 is a water-and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether-dissolved dispersant. The nature of the surface-active agent has not been disclosed. Laboratory tests were conducted using 0.5-mm thick, fresh Alberta Sweet-Mixed Blend crude oil treated with Corexit 9527 dispersant applied from an overhead spray boom [165]. The effects on dispersion efficiency of mixing jet pressure, mixing jet flow rate, jet standoff distance, and vessel speed were evaluated. The system operates with a nozzle pressure of 7000 kPa, a flow rate of 55 liter/min per nozzle, and nozzles positioned approximately 0.6 m from the water surface. In laboratory tests, such a system was capable of dispersing 80% to 100% of the surface slick. 

Catastrophic failure of a nozzle on a pressure vessel containing propane vapor... 

Standard flanges are available in a range of types, sizes and materials and are used extensively for pipes, nozzles and other attachments to pressure vessels. 

Determine the water requirement (gpm) and number of nozzles for a deluge system required to protect a 10,000-gal storage tank that has a diameter of 15 ft. Use 0.5-in nozzles with a nozzle pressure of 35 psig, and assume that the vessel contains a reactive solvent. 

Figure 11.6 Examples of methanol synthesis converters (a) tube-cooled, low-pressure reactor A nozzles for charging and inspecting catalyst B outer wall of reactor as a pressure vessel C thin-walled cooling tubes D port for catalyst discharge by gravity (b) quench-cooled, low-pressure reactor, A,B,D, as in (a) C ICI lozenge quench distributors (Twigg, 1996, pp. 450, 449 reproduced with permission from Catalyst Handbook, ed. M.V. Twigg, Manson Publishing Company, London, 1996.)...

The pressure relief device should be evaluated and sized in accordance with the latest industry standards (i.e., DIERS, API, NFPA). An open passage (nozzle or line) from the separator to the atmosphere may be considered as the pressure relief device provided that it meets the relieving capacity requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC). 

Spheres, spheroids, and horizontal pressure vessels should be actively protected with cooling water at an application rate shown in Table 8-13 over the entire tank surface including the structural supports and the underside of the tank, including leg area. Adequate coverage should also be provided for the ends of horizontal vessels. This may be accomplished by a water spray, water distribution weirs, monitors or combination of all three. Monitor nozzles and manual hose streams should be provided to supplement the fixed water spray fire protection on the vessel. 

Openings are always required in pressure-vessel shells and heads. Stress intensification is created by the existence of a hole in an otherwise symmetrical section. The code compensates for this by an area-replacement method. It takes a cross section through the opening, and it measures the area of the metal of the required shell that is removed and replaces it in the cross section by additional material (shell wall, nozzle wall, reinforcing plate, or weld) within certain distances of the opening centerline. These rules and formulas for calculation are included in Subsec. A. 

Moreover, insulin-loaded PLA nanoparticles with high yields of encapsulation were produced by Elvassore and coworkers [61]. In this work, a homogeneous solution of protein and polymer is sprayed through a nozzle in a high-pressure vessel. In order to achieve nanoencapsulation, mixtures of dichloromethane (DCM) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) were used to ensure the solubility of both the polymer and the protein. In Figure 9.9-3 a SEM image of the fine-particle powders produced is presented. 

Pressurizer. The pressurizer is a cylindrical pressure vessel, vertically mounted and bottom supported. Energy to the water is supplied by replaceable direct-immersion electric heaters, which are inserted from the bottom head of the pressurizer. Nozzles are provided for spray, surge,... 

The PED, as does the ASME VIII, accepts that the SRV is set at the MAP or PS that is the exact equivalent to MAWP in the ASME code. Also in PED, MAP or PS are the design pressure of the weakest component of the equipment used in a pressure vessel, which needs protecting from potential overpressures. This pressure vessel may be an assembly of different components - pipes, flanges, nozzles, shells, and so on - and each may have a different design pressure. It establishes the limit of the pressure vessel for very short and exceptional increases of pressure above MAP, specifically to enable the SRV to operate properly and reach its rated capacity. This exceptional increase is called accumulation. So accumulation is specific to the individual pressure vessel and does not relate to the SRV. The pressure increase of the SRV to nominal flow is called overpressure. 

The painting crew used a 5-ft. diameter by 6-ft. tall, portable, vertical, pressure vessel which was designed for 125 psig (860 kPa gauge) internal pressure. After a routine fit for service inspection, the industrial-sized vessel and trailer were brightly painted. A decision was made to renew the hardware on the top-mounted, ten-inch charging nozzle. 

All test accumulators (pressure vessels) were mounted direcdy below the test table. These vessels were mounted vertically with 2 1 ellipsoidal heads on top and bottom. The top head has a well-rounded outlet nozzle sized equal to the SRV inlet to be tested. To test smaller-orifice SRVs, ring-shaped adapter plates having an opening equal to the SRV inlet are used. This arrangement reduces the possibility of starving the flow to the valve. 

Pressure vessel containing propellant, which, on being ignited, produces hot gases, which, in turn, are expelled through nozzle or nozzles to produce thrust. 

The comparison of the improved time/pressure test method with the test by HSE 0 2 8 4 reveals that the inner volume of the pressure vessel is larger by as much as 27cm 3 (20cm J for HSE) it has a branch nozzle for temperature measurement on the... 

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