Spray booms

Corexit 9527 is a water-and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether-dissolved dispersant. The nature of the surface-active agent has not been disclosed. Laboratory tests were conducted using 0.5-mm thick, fresh Alberta Sweet-Mixed Blend crude oil treated with Corexit 9527 dispersant applied from an overhead spray boom [165]. The effects on dispersion efficiency of mixing jet pressure, mixing jet flow rate, jet standoff distance, and vessel speed were evaluated. The system operates with a nozzle pressure of 7000 kPa, a flow rate of 55 liter/min per nozzle, and nozzles positioned approximately 0.6 m from the water surface. In laboratory tests, such a system was capable of dispersing 80% to 100% of the surface slick. 

Type of application equipment used for example, using over-the-top spray boom or air blast for grapes. The sprayer should be consistent with local cultural practices for each test site. 

Handling the nozzles or wet part of the spray boom with bare hands. 

For large scale operations, some nurserymen mount a spray ring on a trailer, pulled by a light rubber-tired farm tractor. Others mount the entire outfit, including a 5 gallon drum, directly on the tractor with the spray boom set just forward of, and in full view of, the driver. 

Spray boom and nozzle locations, type of nozzle... 

In the production of corrugating medium, linerboard and other unbleached (Kraft) paperboard grades, starch is added as a slurry spray to the fiber mat on the paper-maker s wire.205 This procedure provides better starch retention in the sheet than the addition of dispersed starch to the stock. According to the position of the spray boom, starch can be forced into the sheet for strength gain or held on the surface for improved surface quality. 

DNOC did not cause allergic reactions <48 and 72 hours after concentrations of 0.5% or 1.0% were diluted in water and applied to the upper back of agricultural workers, former agricultural workers, and other human subjects (Lisi et al. 1987). However, a petechial rash was observed on the right shoulder of an individual engaged in cleaning the jets of spray booms of aircraft spraying a 10% solution of DNOC in oil (Stott 1956). The exposure period was estimated to be 17 days. 

Peripheral neuritis was reported in two human cases to be an early sign of dermal exposure to DNOC. This effect disappeared soon after the patients were removed from the chemical. The two individuals, who were engaged in cleaning the jets of spray booms of aircraft spraying a 10%... 

Spray nozzles designed for both aircraft and ground equipment can also be used to enlarge droplet size of the spray. Application equipment can also be modified to reduce drift. For example, shrouding the spray booms of ground equipment keeps droplets from swirling up into the air, thus reducing the potential for drift and applicator exposure. 

Spray systems are available for boats, varying in size from 10- to 30-m wide spray booms to tanks from 1,000 to 10,000 L. As dispersant is almost always diluted... 

FIGURE 12.6 Postemergent aerial application. Note that the spray boom extends only two-thirds the length of the wing to avoid wing tip vortices. (Photo courtesy of the Spray Drift Taskforce. With permission.)... 

Class C turf is mowed two to three times per year, usually never fertilized but control of certain broadleaf weeds may occasionally occur when infestations become severe. The key objective with this mowing frequency is to cut down seedheads (which result in brown color) and excessive vegetation which may harbor unwanted animals. An example of this type of turf area would be highway roadsides and remote industrial sites. Type I, herbicide Type I and Type II PGRs can be used effectively all be used effectively. One pass of the spray boom along each side of the highway provides sufficient vegetation control without the possibility of overlap injury. 

In one case the pilot misjudged the width of the airstrip which was too rrarrow for the spray boom to fit on both sides resirlting in the aircraft groimd looping dirring the take-off roll. Agairr, misplaced motivation to qirickly get the job done appeared to have been a precondition for this error of judgement. 

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