Through nozzles

The particle beam — after linear passage from the evacuation chamber nozzle, through the first and second skimmers, and into the end of the ion source — finally passes through a heated grid immediately before ionization. The heated grid has the effect of breaking up most of the residual small clusters, so residual solvent evaporates and a beam of solute molecules enters the ionization chamber. 

The orifice area of these devices (see illustrations) is at the outlet end of the SRV nozzle through which the discharging vapor/gases/liquids must pass. These values are identified in industry as (valve body inlet size in.) X (orifice letter) X (valve body outlet size, in.). For example, a valve would be designated 3E4. 

Repeat Problem 46, for the case in which a nozzle is attached to the end of the hose and the water exits the nozzle through a 1/4 in. opening. The loss coefficient for the nozzle is 0.3 based on the velocity through the nozzle. 

When the static drop stage is passed, the drop starts rising with varying velocity, but still maintaining its connection with the nozzle through a neck. As further liquid is pumped into the drop during the time of detachment tc also, the final drop volume becomes... 

For all three configurations, ethanol is used as the liquid fuel. It is pressurized to 90 psi in a fuel tank by high-pressure nitrogen, metered, and sent to the nozzle through a tube mounted in the center of the air chamber. 

The crystallizer was an agitated vessel with an Inside diameter of 9.0 cm and a volume of about 1 1. It was equlppet with four vertical baffles, a water jacket to keep the solution temperature constant, and a nozzle through which nitrogen gas was Introduced In several experiments to suspend a speed crystal more effectively In the solution. Agitation was accomplished with a 5.0 cm stainless steel marine propeller having three blades driven by a variable speed motor. 

An important feature in the construction of continuous countercurrent extraction towers is the design of the nozzles through which the solvent and oil feed enter. Nozzles should be designed to distribute the stream evenly over the cross-sectional area of the tower in order to minimize channeling and to make maximum use of the packing near the inlet. Consideration should also be given to the use of intercoolers to enforce a temperature gradient. 

By numerical integration of the Bloch equations describing the classical trajectory of an atom from the nozzle through the standing wave field at 243 nm to the detector and integration over all possible trajectories and over the velocity distribution of the atoms, a theoretical line shape is deduced which is then fitted to the experimental data. The solid lines in Fig. 2 are obtained from this fitting procedure. 

Flow processes accompanied by sharp reductions in pressure are called expansi processes. They include flow through nozzles, through turbines or expande and through throttling devices such as orifices and valves. 

A tuyere is a nozzle through whicli an air-blast is delivered to a furnace, forge, or < on verier. 

The last kind of speargun requires ittle alteration and works on the ame principle as gas powered spear-uns. On the small home fire extinguishers there is usually a nozzle through which the fire extinguishing substance Is emitted. On some units there is a cone shaped pipe connected to this, which can easily be taken off, leaving nothing but the short nozzle, if this nozzle is plastic, a strong plastic sealant can be used... 

Hard cathode rays, generated by an electric discharge through hydrogen in a quartz tube, are stopped down to a fine beam by means of a long narrow tube. Immediately beyond the far end of this tube is the nozzle through which the vapour flows, which in order to obtain as sharply defined a beam of vapour as possible is made with an opening OT mm. in diameter. 

Droplet transmission (the movement of the droplets from the nozzle through the air to the target). 

A collapsible tube has two closures, one formed at the open end by the packer after the product has been filled, the other at the nozzle through which the customer expels the contents of the tube. The majority of reclosable tubes are fitted with screw closures or flip-top variants on screw closures. 

The relationships developed for the isothermal conditions for the turbulent free jet can be extrapolated to the chemically reacting flows by using the concept of the equivalent nozzle diameter doech- This is defined as the diameter of the nozzle through which the entrained fluid of density p would expand having the same mass flow rate and momentum as that of the nozzle jet initially considered (Table 31.10). 

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