Contamination, prevention

Some bioreactor systems must be completely protected from microbial contamination, meaning that not a single alien bacterium or virus particle can be allowed to penetrate the system. Reliable and economical systems need to be developed to achieve this level of contamination prevention. Along with the need for prevention is the need to be able to detect contamination at a level of a few microorganisms in a hundred kiloliters of medium. This degree of detection is not yet achievable. Research could vastly improve the crude detection methods that are used today. 

Procedures Contamination Prevention, Analysis Corrosion, Symptoms, First Aid... 

Threats to chemical facilities from radioactive contamination could involve two major scenarios. First, the facility or its assets could be contaminated, preventing workers from accessing and operating the facility/assets. Second, the feed water supply could be contaminated. These two scenarios require different threat reduction strategies. The first scenario requires that facilities monitor for radioactive substances as they are brought on-site the second requires that feed water assets be monitored for radioactive contamination. While the effects of radioactive contamination are basically the same under both threat types, each of these threats requires different types of radiation monitoring and different types of equipment. 

Curare was first brought to the attention of Queen Elizabeth of England by Sir Walter Raleigh. The remarkable ability of the drug to induce paralysis of the muscles led to its early use by Claude Bernard, Kolliker, Langley, and subsequent physiologists to study the mechanism of neuromuscular activity. However, the uncertain supplies of the drug, its variability, and the effects of its contaminants prevented its therapeutic application. 

A little-known source of biodegradation rates of pesticides is data developed by the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA). They estimated aerobic and anaerobic soil metabolism half-lives from open scientific literature and studies submitted to CDFA from chemical companies in compliance with the data call-in requirements of the Pesticide Contamination Prevention Act. Table 12.15 tabulates these data. 

Johnson, B. 1991. Setting Revised Specific Numerical Values, April 1991, Pursuant to the Pesticide Contamination Prevention Act. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Environmental Monitoring and Pest Management Branch, EH 91-6 Sacramento, CA. 

Controlled environment requirements Preventative maintenance Emergency repairs Validated classified areas Structural changes Cross contamination prevention General housekeeping and sanitation Cleaning agents and pest control Critical utilities... 

Cross-contamination prevention segregation by space or time cleaning and personnel precautions. 

Storage tanks Dikes Emergency valves Inspections Procedures Specifications Limitations Design separation, inerting, materials of construction Capacity and drainage Remote control hazardous materials Flash arresters and relief devices Contamination prevention, analysis Chemical, physical and quality stability Temperature, time and quantity... 

Analytical studies of the PVC profile surface indicated that the reasons for failure of the adhesive bond between the PVC film and PVC profile in decorative film laminated structures, was finely dispersed lubricant and wax particles on the PVC profile. These contaminants prevented the build-up of bond forces at the interface between the adhesive and PVC profile. A biodegradable alkaline cleaning agent was developed to remove the contaminants, which, when combined with flame treatment and a solvent free polyurethane hot melt... 

On August 6, 1996, the SDWA was amended again with the goals of establishing scientifically based programs there are flexible with technical and infrastructure assistance. The 1996 Amendments established water contamination prevention requirements including source water protection, capacity development, and operator certification. 

DNLM 1. Pharmaceutical Preparations-analysis-Handbooks. 2. Pharmaceutical Preparations-analysis-Laboratory Manuals. 3. Drug Contamination-prevention Sc control-Handbooks. 4. Drug Contamination-prevention Sc control-Laboratory Manuals. 5. Pharmaceutical Preparations-standards-Handbooks. 6. Pharmaceutical Preparations-standards—Laboratory Manuals. 7. Technology, Pharmaceutical—methods—Handbooks. 8. Technology, Pharmaceutical— methods-Laboratory Manuals. QV 25 H2364 2003]... 

Use Corrosion control, contamination prevention, insulation, electrical equipment, molded and fabricated industrial equipment, lubricants, gyro and damping fluids. Especially useful under extreme conditions, including jet and space technology. 

Verification of cross-contamination prevention by performing air sampling and machine swabs. 

DNLM 1. Sterilization—methods. 2. Drug Contamination--prevention control. 3. Equipment and Supplies. W1 DR893B v. 64 1994 / WA 240 H193a 1994]... 

Products and Uses Naturally occurring toxin found in peanuts, walnuts, pistachios, pecans, almonds, and Brazil nuts. Also could be present in the mold or sprouting growth on grains. A natural contaminant. Prevention of mold growth is the best protection. 

---