Nickel contact dermatitis

Frankild S, Andersen KE, Nielsen GD. 1995. Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) on in vitro percutaneous penetration of water, hydrocortisone and nickel. Contact Dermatitis 32 338-345. 

Gawkrodger DJ, Healy J, Howe AM. 1995. The prevention of nickel contact dermatitis. A review of the use of binding agents and barrier creams. Contact Dermatitis 32 257-265. 

Nickel contact dermatitis can occur among wearers of nickel-containing jewelry, more common among females than males. This is particularly true of nickel sulfate, presen t in some jewelry, Localization of sites unexpectedly involves the ear lobes, neck, fingers, and wrists. Nickel is a major offender in connection with AECD (allergic eczematous contact dermatitis). 

Lucke TW, Fleming CJ, McHenry P, Lever R. Patch testing in vulval dermatoses how relevant is nickel Contact Dermatitis 1998 38(2) 111-12. 

Peters K, Gammelgaard B, and Menne T (1991) Nickel concentrations in fingernails as a measure of occupational exposure to nickel. Contact Dermatitis 25 237-241. 

Queille-Roussel C, Graeber M, et al. SDZ ASM 981 is the first non-steroid that suppresses established nickel contact dermatitis elicited by allergen challenge. Contact Derm 2000 42 349-350. 

Kalimo K, Lammintausta K, Jalava J, Niskanen T (1997) Is it possible to improve the prognosis in nickel contact dermatitis Contact Dermatitis 37 121-124 Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R (1993) Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from nickel in bartender s metallic measuring cup. Am J Contact Dermatitis 4 39-41 Kanerva L, Kiilunen M, Jolanki R, et al. (1997) Hand dermatitis and allergic patch test reactions caused by nickel in electroplaters. Contact Dermatitis 36 137-140 Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R (1998) Bank clerk s occupational allergic nickel and cobalt contact dermatitis from coins. Contact Dermatitis 38 217-218 Katsarou A, Koufou K, Takou T, et al. (1995) Patch test results in hairdressers with contact dermatitis in Greece (1985-1994). Contact Dermatitis 33 347-361... 

Fig. 2.4 Allergic nickel contact dermatitis caused by (a) reading glasses and (b) a multifunction key on a cell phone. From Veien NK, in Johansen JD, Frosch PJ, Lepoittevin J-P, editors. Contact Dermatitis. 5th ed. Berlin Springer-Verlag 2011. With kind permission from Springer Science+Business Media...

Nickel contact dermatitis, nickel allergy, is well recognized and is more usual among women than men. Persistent eczema may occur after sensitization from such nickel-containing components as nickel-plated earrings. Recent studies have indicated that sensitization can be avoided by use of alloys resistant to corrosion by sweat... 

Eye and Skin Contact. Some nickel salts and aqueous solutions of these salts, eg, the sulfate and chloride, may cause a primary irritant reaction of the eye and skin. The most common effect of dermal exposure to nickel is allergic contact dermatitis. Nickel dermatitis may occur in sensitized individuals following close and prolonged contact with nickel-containing solutions or metallic objects such as jewelry, particularly pierced earrings. It is estimated that 8—15% of the female human population and 0.2—2% of the male human population is nickel-sensitized (125). 

Some nickel compounds may be irritant to skin and eyes and dermal contact with nickel can result in allergic contact dermatitis. Nickel carbonyl is extremely toxic by inhalation and should be handled in totally enclosed systems or with extremely efficient ventilation. Air monitors linked to alarms may be required to detect leaks. Respiratory equipment must be available for dealing with leaks. Biological checks (e.g. nickel in urine) should be considered for routine operations involving nickel catalysts. 

The most frequent causes of allergic contact dermatitis in the United States include plants (poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac), metallic salts, organic dyes, plastic resins, rubber additives, and germicides.74 The most common skin patch test allergens found to be positive in patients along with potential sources of exposure are shown in Table 32.1.75 In patients with occupational contact dermatitis who were skin patch tested, the common allergens included carba mix, thiuram mix, formaldehyde, epoxy resin, and nickel.76... 

Contact dermatitis, from nickel, 17 119 Contact dryers, coatings, 7 29 Contact drying, 9 105-107 Contact icing, of food, 21 561 Contacting, differential, 10 760-762 Contact mechanics, 1 515-517 Contact mode atomic force microscopy, 3 320-325 17 63 Contact nucleation, 8 105 Contactors ozone, 17 801-802 selection of, 10 767-768... 

The substance may penetrate the skin and cause allergic contact dermatitis (formaldehyde, nickel, phthalic anhydride)... 

Unlike nickel, chromium metal does not produce allergic contact dermatitis. Some patients exhibit positive patch tests to divalent chromium compounds, but these compounds are considerably less potent as sensitizers than hexavalent chromium compounds. A case of chromium (chromic) sulfate-induced asthma in a plating worker, confirmed by specific challenge testing and the presence of IgE antibodies, has been reported. ... 

Nickel (Ni) Lung carcinogen, contact dermatitis Food supply, workplace exposure... 

Dermal Effects. No studies were located regarding dermal effects in humans following inhalation exposure. However, contact dermatitis in persons exposed to nickel compounds is one of the most common effects of nickel exposure (see Section 2.2.3.2). In addition, immunological studies indicate that the dermatitis is an allergic response to nickel, and significant effects on the immune system have been noted in workers exposed to nickel (see Section 2.2.1.3). 

Dermal Effects. Contact dermatitis, which results from dermal exposure to nickel, is the most prevalent effect of nickel in the general population (see Section 2.2.3.2). Several studies indicate that a single oral dose of nickel given as nickel sulfate can result in a flare-up in the dermatitis in nickel-sensitive individuals (Burrows et al. 1981 Christensen and Moller 1975 Cronin et al. 1980 ... 

Menne et al. (1987) reported that nickel alloys which released more than 1 pg/cm7wk caused contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals. 

Cavelier C, Foussereau J, Gille P, et al. 1988. Nickel allergy Tolerance to metallic surface-plated samples in nickel-sensitive humans and guinea pigs. Contact Dermatitis 19 358-361. 

Christensen OB, Moller H. 1975. External and internal exposure to the antigen in the hand eczema of nickel allergy. Contact Dermatitis 1 136-141. 

Emmett EA, Risby TH, Jiang L, et al. 1988. Allergic contact dermatitis to nickel Bioavailability from consumer products and provocation threshold. J Am Acad Dermatol 19(2) 314-322. 

Flint GN, Packirisamy S. 1995. Systemic nickel The contribution made by stainless-steel cooking utensils. Contact Dermatitis 32 218-224. 

Fullerton A, Andersen JR, Hoelgaard A, et al. 1986. Permeation of nickel salts through human skin in vitro. Contact Dermatitis 15 173-177. 

Ho VC, Johnston MM. 1986. Nickel dermatitis in infants. Contact Dermatitis 15 270-273. 

Kapsenberg ML, Van der Pouw-Kraan T, Stiekeme FE. 1988. Direct and indirect nickel-specific stimulation of T lymphocytes from patients with allergic contact dermatitis to nickel. Eur J Immunol 18 977-982. 

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