Neural cell adhesion molecules expression

Expression cloning has been successfully applied in obtaining cDNAs for the rat [36] and human [37] GlcA-3-6)-sulfotransferase. This enzyme is required for the formation of the HNK-1 epitope (Table 1), which is present on a variety of neural cell adhesion molecules. Expression cloning [38] was carried out with antibodies that recognize the HNK-1 epitope in a sulfate-dependent manner. The approach required cotransfection with a cDNA for the glucuronyltransferase to provide the terminal GlcA residue to which sulfate can be added. 

Jung H, Toth PT, White PA, Miller RJ (2008) Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 functions as a neuromodulator in dorsal root ganglia neurons. J Neurochem 104 254-263 Kahn L, Alonso G, Normand E, Manzoni OJ (2005) Repeated morphine treatment alters polysia-lylated neural cell adhesion molecule, glutamate decarboxylase-67 expression and ceU proliferation in the adult rat hippocampus. Em J Nemosci 21 493-500 Kaul M, Ma Q, Medders KE, Desai MK, Lipton SA (2007) HIV-1 coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 both mediate neuronal cell death but CCR5 paradoxically can also contribute to protection. Cell Death Differ (2) 296-305... 

Adhesion molecules such as LI, neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) and N-cadherin promote axonal regeneration by homophilic interactions between axons and Schwann cell surfaces (see Ch. 7). The expression of p75 (low affinity NGF receptor, Ch. 27) is also increased at the Schwann cell surface after injury. Extracellular matrix molecules, such as tenascin and proteoglycans, increase the regenerative potential of damaged peripheral nerves by binding to integrins on the axonal surface. 

E2. Ely, S. A., and Knowles, D. M., Expression of CD56/neural cell adhesion molecule correlates with the presence of lytic bone lesions in multiple myeloma and distinguishes myeloma from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and lymphomas with plasmacytoid differentiation. Am. J. Pathol. 160, 1293—1299 (2002). 

In demyelination such as MS, PSA-NCAM is expressed on denuded axons and might act as an inhibitor of remyelination, whereas the myelinated part outside the plaque is PSA-NCAM negative (Charles et al., 2000 Coman et al., 2005). On the other hand, in MS a two- to threefold increase in OPC density and proliferation was found in the subventricular zone (SVZ), which correlated with enhanced numbers of PSA-NCAM(-i-) cells (Nait-Oumesmar et al., 2007). EAE in rodents is another important example of the activation of the SVZ and the involvement of progenitor cells expressing the polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) in the repair process (Picard-Riera et al., 2002). 

Polysialic acid (PSA) is a linear homopolymer of a2-8- or a2-9-linked sialic acid attached to protein scaffolds inclnding the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Two Golgi-resident polysialyltransferases, PST and STX, are responsible for its synthesis. Although PSA is widely distributed in embryonic tissues, it is normally found only in regenerating neural and muscle tissues in adults. Neo-expression of PSA is often associated with metastatic cancer (115). 

Kiss JZ, Wang C, Rougon G (1993) Nerwe-dependent expression of high polysialic acid neural cell adhesion molecule in neurohypophysial astrocytes of adult rats. Neurosci 53 213—221. 

CD56 (also known as neural cell adhesion molecule) is expressed on the cell surface of a number of different tissues including natural killer cells, glial and neurons. This antigen may be demonstrated on monocytic and myeloid leukemias, plasma cell dyscrasias, natural killer cell lesions, neural and astrocytic tumors as well as tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation. Antigen density on hematopoietic tumors tends to be at a lower level than on non-hematopoietic lesions and the validation with flow cytometry determination for this antigen is recommended. 

Jin L, Hemperly JJ, Lloyd RV. Expression of neural cell adhesion molecule in normal and neoplastic human NE tissues. Am Pathol. 1991 138 961-969. 

Kibbelaar RE, Moolenaar CEC, Michalides RJAM, et al. Expression of the embryonal neural cell adhesion molecule N-CAM in lung carcinoma Diagnostic usefulness of monoclonal antibody 735 for the distinction between small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. J Pathol. 1989 159 23-28. 

Well-studied CAMs of the Ig-family in the nervous system are the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) and the neuron-glia cell adhesion molecule (LI or NILE). Both molecules are found on neurons and have been suggested to mediate neuron-glia interactions by heterophilic binding mechanisms. Currently, it is unknown whether astroglia express N-CAM and/or LI in vivo (Persohn and Schachner, 1987 Bartsch et al.,... 

Neural cell adhesion molecule Domestic fowl Cassette Isoforms expressed during muscle differentiation differ near C-terminus glycoprotein-mediated nerve cell interaction Yoshima rf al. (1993)... 

Yoshima, T., Mimura, N., Aimoto, S. Asano, A. (1993). Transitional expression of neural cell adhesion molecule isoforms during chicken embryonic myogenesis. Cell Struct. Fund., 18, 1-11. 

Tascilar O, Cakmak GK, Tekin lO et al (2007) Neural cell adhesion molecule-180 expression as a prognostic criterion in colorectal carcinoma feasible or not World J Gastroenterol 13 5476-5480... 

Dityatev A, Dityateva G, Schachner M (2(KX)) Synaptic strength as a function of post- versus presynaptic expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM. Neuron 26 207-217... 

Tezel E, Kawase Y, Takeda S, Oshima K, Nakao A (2001) Expression of neural cell adhesion molecule in pancreatic cancer. Pancreas 22 122-125... 

Jin L, Hemperly JJ, Lloyd RV Expression of neural cell adhesion molecule in normal and neoplastic human neuroendocrine tissues. Am J Pathol 1991 138 961-969. DeLeij H, Poppema S, Klein-Nulend J, ter Haar A, Schevander E, Ehhens T, Postumus F, The TM. Neuroendocrine differentiation antigen of human lung carcinoma and Kultchitzky cells. Cancer Res 1985 45 2192-2200. 

Angata K, Nakayama J, Fredette B, Chong K, Ranscht B, et al. Human STX polysialyl-transferase forms the embryonic form of the neural cell adhesion molecule. Tissue-specific expression, neurite outgrowth, and chromosomal localization in comparison with another polysialyltransferase, PST. J. Biol. Chem. 1997 272 7182-7190. 

Hildebrand H, Becker C, Gluer S, Rosner H, Gerardy-Schahn R, et al. Polysialic acid on the neural cell adhesion molecule correlates with expression of polysialyltransferases and promotes neuroblastoma cell growth. Cancer Res. 1998 58 779-784. 

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